Marañón thrush

Maranon thrush
Turdus maranonicus - Maranon thrush song
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Turdidae
Genus: Turdus
Species:
T. maranonicus
Binomial name
Turdus maranonicus


The Maranon thrush[note 1][2][3] (Turdus maranonicus) is a species of bird in the family Turdidae.[2] It is found in Ecuador and Peru.[4]

Taxonomy and systematics

The Maranon thrush was originally described in 1880 with the binomial Turdus maranonicus and has retained it since then.[5] It is monotypic.[2]

Description

The Maranon thrush is 21.5 to 23 cm (8.5 to 9.1 in) long. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a mostly rich brown head with a brown-streaked whitish throat. Their upperparts, wings, and tail are the same rich brown as the head. Their underparts are dull white with a brown scaly and spotted pattern on their breast and flanks.[6][7][8] They have a dark iris, a grayish bill, and grayish legs and feet. Juveniles resemble adults with orange-buff spots and streaks on the upperparts and two spotted orange wing bars.[6]

Distribution and habitat

The Maranon thrush is found in the upper and middle basins of the Marañón River from extreme southern Ecuador into northern Peru to Huánuco Department. It primarily inhabits rather dry landscapes including dry forest and secondary forest, riparian forest, scrublands, and gardens.[7][8] It also occurs at the edges of more humid forest and woodland.[6] In elevation it ranges between 650 and 1,600 m (2,100 and 5,200 ft) in Ecuador and between 400 and 2,000 m (1,300 and 6,600 ft) in Peru.[7][8]

Behavior

Movement

The Maranon thrush is a year-round resident.[6]

Feeding

The Maranon thrush's diet is not known. It forages mostly on the ground, often in very open areas like plowed fields and grassy areas.[7][6]

Breeding

Nothing is known about the Maranon thrush's breeding biology.[6]

Vocalization

The Maranon thrush's song is "a slow caroling similar to that of other Turdus, particularly [the] Black-billed Thrush, but does not seem to repeat phrases as does [the] Black-billed". Its calls are "a rising rzeet rzeet, a ringing tseet, and a mello wurk".[8]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the Maranon thrush as being of Least Concern. It has a restricted range; its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] It is considered "relatively numerous" in Ecuador and "fairly common" in Peru.[7][8] It occurs in Ecuador's Podocarpus National Park.[6]

Notes

  1. ^ The IOC and AviList spell the English name with no diacritics. Some other taxonomic systems and authors spell it Marañon or Marañón. The IOC is the Wikipedia standard for bird names, and AviList is the possible successor to it as the standard, so their spelling is used throughout.

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2024). "Maranon Thrush Turdus maranonicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T22708875A264266456. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22708875A264266456.en. Retrieved 22 February 2026.
  2. ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (March 2025). "Thrushes". IOC World Bird List. v 15.1. Retrieved 25 January 2026.
  3. ^ AviList Core Team. 2025. AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025. https://doi.org/10.2173/avilist.v2025 retrieved June 11, 2025
  4. ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, D. F. Lane, L, N. Naka, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 29 November 2025. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. South American Classification Committee associated with the International Ornithologists' Union. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved 30 November 2025
  5. ^ Taczanowski, Władysław (1880). "Liste des Oiseaux recueillis au Nord du Pérou par M. Stolzmann pendant les derniers mois de 1878 et dans la première moitié de 1879". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (in Latin and French): 189–190. Retrieved February 22, 2026.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Collar, N. (2020). Marañon Thrush (Turdus maranonicus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.marthr2.01 retrieved February 22, 2026
  7. ^ a b c d e Ridgely, Robert S.; Greenfield, Paul J. (2001). The Birds of Ecuador: Field Guide. Vol. II. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 576–577. ISBN 978-0-8014-8721-7.
  8. ^ a b c d e Schulenberg, T.S.; Stotz, D.F.; Lane, D.F.; O'Neill, J.P.; Parker, T.A. III (2010). Birds of Peru. Princeton Field Guides (revised and updated ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 532. ISBN 978-0691130231.
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