Luciogobius

Luciogobius
Luciogobius guttatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Gobiiformes
Family: Oxudercidae
Subfamily: Gobionellinae
Genus: Luciogobius
T. N. Gill, 1859
Type species
Luciogobius guttatus
T. N. Gill, 1859
Synonyms
  • Expedio Snyder, 1909

Luciogobius is a genus of goby in the subfamily of Oxudercidae, commonly called worm gobies. It is distributed along the coast of northeastern Asia, where species can be found in Korea, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Japan. Most species occur in Japan, and several are endemic.[1]

These gobies are unusual in appearance and habitat preference. They are relatively small fish, about 2 to 14 cm (0.8–5.5 in) long, with very elongated bodies. The vertebral column is flexible and finely segmented, with many more vertebrae than most other fish in the family; they have up to 50 vertebrae, whereas most gobies have about 26. This extra-segmented spine helps Luciogobius species burrow in their common habitat, gravel beaches. Most vertebrates would have difficulty living in gravel that is constantly stirred by tidal action, but the flexibility of the bodies of Luciogobius is likely an adaptation to this environment. They also lack scales and the first dorsal fin.[2] Two species, L. albus and L. pallidus, are cave-adapted and live in anchialine waters.[3]

Other habitat types occupied by species in the genus include estuaries, freshwater streams, and in the case of L. adapel, the seafloor up to 50 m (160 ft).[4]

Most of the species studied spawn in the intertidal zone, but one species has been observed spawning in freshwater rivers. The eggs are generally attached to the undersides of rocks or are buried in the gravel or stone substrate.[4]

Species

These are the currently recognized species in this genus. There are many more species known that are still undescribed, for a probable total of around 40 species.[1] Those species are usually divived into 5 subdivision[5]

The described species are:[6]

Luciogobius gutattus complex[5]

  • Luciogobius guttatus T. N. Gill, 1859 (flat-headed goby)
  • Luciogobius martellii Di Caporiacco, 1948
  • Luciogobius brevipterus J. S. T. F. Chen, 1932
  • Luciogobius ryukyuensis I. S. Chen, T. Suzuki & Senou, 2008[7]
  • Luciogobius dongyinensis Chen, Shao, Chou, Chen & Chan, 2024 - Dongyin earthworm goby
  • Luciogobius yubai Ikeda, Tamada & Hirashima, 2019
  • Luciogobius newtaipeiensis Chen, Ren, Jiang, Wang & Chang, 2024[8]
  • Luciogobius matsuensis Chen, Shao, Chou, Chen & Chan, 2024 - Matsu earthworm goby

Luciogobius pallidus complex[5] A group of Luciogobius that dwell in the vicinity of subterranean river

There is a ongoing debate of distinguishment between this species and L. fonticola.

  • Luciogobius fluvialis Kanagawa, Itai & Senou, 2011
  • Luciogobius fonticola Kanagawa, Itai & Senou, 2011
  • Luciogobius dormitoris Shiogaki & Dotsu, 1976

There is a ongoing debate of distinguishment between this species and L. pallidus. [9]

Luciogobius elongatus complex[5]

  • Luciogobius elongatus Regan, 1905
  • Luciogobius parvulus (Snyder, 1909)
  • Luciogobius adapel Okiyama, 2001

L. adapel is found from the deep seafloar, unlike other congeneric species.

  • Luciogobius punctilineatus Koreeda & Motomura, 2022 [10]
  • Luciogobius opisthoproctus Chen & Liao, 2024[11]
  • Luciogobius chaojinensis Chen, Ren, Jiang, Wang & Chang, 2024[8]


Luciogobius grandis complex[5]

  • Luciogobius grandis R. Arai, 1970
  • Luciogobius huatungensis Chen, Ren, Jiang, Wang & Chang, 2024[8]


Luciogobius platycephalus complex[5]

  • Luciogobius platycephalus Shiogaki & Dotsu, 1976
  • Luciogobius griseus Koreeda, Maeda & Motomura, 2023

References

  1. ^ a b Kanagawa, N.; et al. (2011). "Two new species of freshwater gobies of the genus Luciogobius (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from Japan" (PDF). Bull Kanagawa Prefect Mus (Nat Sci). 40: 67–74.
  2. ^ Yamada, T.; et al. (2009). "Adaptive radiation of gobies in the interstitial habitats of gravel beaches accompanied by body elongation and excessive vertebral segmentation". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 145. Bibcode:2009BMCEE...9..145Y. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-145. PMC 2709658. PMID 19558710.
  3. ^ Romero, Aldemaro, ed. (2001). The Biology of Hypogean Fishes. Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. ISBN 978-1402000768.
  4. ^ a b Kondo, M.; et al. (2012). "Spawning habitat and early development of Luciogobius ryukyuensis (Gobiidae)". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 95 (2): 291–300. Bibcode:2012EnvBF..95..291K. doi:10.1007/s10641-012-9994-4.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Shibukawa, K.; et al. (2019). "Preliminary review of earthworm gobies of the genus Luciogobius (Gobiiformes, Oxudercidae) from Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan" (PDF). Bull. Mus. Nat. Env. Hist. Shizuoka (12): 29–96.
  6. ^ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Luciogobius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 1 October 2025.
  7. ^ Chen, I. S.; et al. (2008). "A new species of gobiid fish, Luciogobius from Ryukyus, Japan (Teleostei: Gobiidae)" (PDF). Journal of Marine Science and Technology. 16 (4): 250–254. doi:10.51400/2709-6998.2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-19.
  8. ^ a b c Chen, I-Shiung; Ren, Yu-Ting; Jiang, Guo-Chen; Wang, Shen-Chih; Chang, Chih-Wei (2024). "Three new species of Luciogobius Gill (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Taiwan". Zootaxa. 5550 (1): 200–212. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5550.1.20. PMID 40173651.
  9. ^ Taiki Ito; et al. (2025). "Is Luciogobius dormitoris (Perciformes: Gobiidae) a valid species? Comparative morphology of two subterranean species of the genus Luciogobius". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.
  10. ^ Reo Koreeda; Hiroyuki Motomura (2022). "Luciogobius punctilineatus n. sp., A New Earthworm Goby from southern Japan". Zootaxa. 5138 (2): 137–151. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5138.2.2. PMID 36101031.
  11. ^ Chen, Kuan-Hsun; Liao, Te-Yu (2024-07-09). "A new species of the genus Luciogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei, Oxudercidae) from Taiwan". ZooKeys (1206): 241–254. Bibcode:2024ZooK.1206..241C. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1206.118757. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 11252559. PMID 39022187.
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