Lithogenes
| Lithogenes | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Subfamily: | Lithogeninae Gosline, 1947[2] |
| Genus: | Lithogenes C. H. Eigenmann, 1909[1] |
| Type species | |
| Lithogenes villosus C. H. Eigenmann, 1909[1]
| |
Lithogenes is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armoured catfishes. It is the only genus within the subfamily Lithogeninae. The fishes in this genus are found in northern South America.
Taxonomy
Lithogenes is the only genus within the subfamily Lithogeninae. This genus and subfamily, the most basal group in Loricariidae, is the sister group to the rest of the family.[3] Relative to an undescribed species of Lithogeninae, L. valencia has sister group relationship to L. villosus.[4]
Species
The three recognized species in this genus are:[5]
- Lithogenes valencia Provenzano, Schaefer, Baskin & Royero-Leon, 2003
- Lithogenes villosus Eigenmann, 1909
- Lithogenes wahari Schaefer & Provenzano, 2008
Appearance and anatomy
As members of the family Loricariidae, all Lithogenes species have a suckermouth. However, unlike most loricariids, species of the genus Lithogenes possess armor plating only on the latter half of the body. Their eyes are small and their bodies flattened.[4][3]
Distribution and habitat
L. villosus originates from the Essequibo River drainage of the Guiana Shield.[6] An undescribed species of Lithogenes is known from the Orinoco basin of the Guiana Shield.[4] L. valencia has only been known from six specimens collected in the 1970s from tributaries of the Lake Valencia in northern Venezuela; however, this area has since been polluted and this species possibly is now extinct.[4]
L. villosus lives in habitats dominated by rapids over bedrock, and L. valencia likely does, as well.[4][3]
References
- ^ a b Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Lithogeninae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
- ^ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 1–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
- ^ a b c Schaefer, Scott A. (2003). "Relationships of Lithogenes villosus Eigenmann, 1909 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Evidence from High-Resolution Computed Microtomography" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3401). American Museum of Natural History: 1–55. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2003)401<0001:ROLVES>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 36180254.
- ^ a b c d e Provenzano R., Francisco; Schaefer, Scott A.; Baskin, Jonathan N.; Royero-Leon, Ramiro (2003). Buth, D. G. (ed.). "New, Possibly Extinct Lithogenine Loricariid (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from Northern Venezuela" (PDF). Copeia. 2003 (3). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 562–575. doi:10.1643/CI-02-160R1. S2CID 9191738.
- ^ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lithogenes". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Lithogenes villosus". FishBase. May 2007 version.