Lithium antimonide
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.825 |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Li3Sb | |
| Molar mass | 142.58 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | grey crystals |
| Density | 3.2 g/cm3 |
| reacts with water | |
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Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Lithium antimonide is a binary inorganic compound of lithium and antimony with the molecular formula Li3Sb.
Synthesis
The compound is synthesized by fusing pure elements at 500 °С and high pressure:[1]
- 3Li + Sb → Li3Sb
When a mixture of lithium and antimony is heated, the elements react violently, releasing intense heat and flame.[2] Other reactions are also known.[3]
Physical properties
The compound forms dark grey cystals of the cubic crystal system, space group Pm3m. At a temperature of 650 °C, a transition to the hexagonal phase occurs, spatial group P63/mmc.[4][5]
Chemical properties
Lithium antimonide reacts with water, producing stibine and lithium hydroxide:
- Li3Sb + 3H2O → H3Sb + 3LiOH
Uses
The compound is recognized as a material for lithium batteries and thermoelectric applications.[6]
References
- ^ Yearbook of Pharmacy: Comprising Abstracts of Papers Relating to Pharmacy, Materia Medica and Chemistry Contributed to British and Foreign Journal...with the Transactions of the British Pharmaceutical Conference. John Churchill & Sons. 1902. p. 107. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ^ Meyer, Richard Joseph (1927). Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen chemie (in German). Verlag Chemie GmbH. p. 250. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ^ Zhou, Gen-Tao; Palchik, Oleg; Pol, V. G.; Sominski, Elena; Koltypin, Yuri; Gedanken, Aharon (2003). "Microwave-assisted solid-state synthesis and characterization of intermetallic compounds of Li3Bi and Li3Sb". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 13 (10): 2607. doi:10.1039/B303163B. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ^ "Li3Sb ID: mp-7955". Materials Project. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ^ Blachnik, R. (27 November 2013). Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker: Band 3: Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale (in German). Springer-Verlag. p. 542. ISBN 978-3-642-58842-6. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ^ Yahyaoglu, Mujde; Soldi, Thomas; Ozen, Melis; Candolfi, Christophe; Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Aydemir, Umut (16 November 2021). "Stress/pressure-stabilized cubic polymorph of Li3Sb with improved thermoelectric performance". Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 9 (44): 25024–25031. doi:10.1039/D1TA07763E. ISSN 2050-7496. Retrieved 27 January 2026.