List of states during Late Antiquity

This article is about the period from 200 to 700 AD. For the preceding article, see List of Classical Age states. For the succeeding article, see List of states during the Middle Ages.

Late Antiquity is a historiographical term for the historical period from c. 200 AD to c. 700 AD, which marks the transition from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages. Precise boundaries for the period are a matter of debate, but historian Peter Brown proposed a period between the 2nd and 8th centuries. While generally, it can be thought of as from the end of the Roman Empire's Crisis of the Third Century (c. 235–284) to the re-organization of the Eastern Roman Empire under Heraclius and the Muslim conquests in the mid-7th century, for the purposes of this page it will be considered the period 200 to 700 AD.

This list's the main types state that existed in Africa, Americas, Central Asia, East Asia, Europe, Eurasian Steppe, South Asia, and West Asia.

Political entities

Location Name Capital(s) State type From To
Central Africa Sao civilisation various tribal city states 6th cent. BC 16th cent. AD
Northern Africa Garamantes Garama tribal confederation/empire 500 BC 700 AD
Northern Africa; West Asia; Western Europe Umayyad Caliphate Damascus, Harran empire 661 750
Northern Africa, Southern Europe Vandal Kingdom Carthage kingdom 435 534
Northeast Africa Aksum Aksum c.100 c. 940
Alodia Soba empire 680 1504
Blemmyes tribal kingdom 600 BC 8th cent. AD
Makuria Dongola kingdom 340 1312
Nobatia Pachoras 350 650
Northwest Africa Gaetulia tribal confederation c. 350 BC 550 AD
Garmul Altava kingdom 530 578
Ouarsenis Jedars 430 735
West Africa Ghana Empire Koumbi Saleh empire c. 400 1235
Central America Maya various kingdom city states 2000 BC 900 AD
Zapotec 700 BC 1521 AD
North America Cholula Cholula city-state 600 BC 700 AD
Pueblo various tribal chiefdom's 12th cent. BC 14th cent. AD
Teotihuacan Empire Teotihuacan empire 100 BC 8th cent. AD
Teuchitlán various chiefdoms 350 BC 450/500 AD
South America Lima Lima kingdom 100 650
Moche Moche-Trujillo united independent polities 100 800
Nazca various tribal chiefdom's 100 BC 800 AD
Tiwanaku empire Tiwanaku empire 300 1000
Wari Empire Huari 500 1100
Balkans Avar Khaganate khaganate 567 804
Balkans, West Asia; Northeast Africa Byzantine Empire Constantinople empire 395 1453
Balkans Gepids Sirmium kingdom 454 567
British Isles Ailech Grianán Ailigh 450 1283
Airgíalla Clogher tribal federation/kingdom 331 1590
Bernicia Bamburgh kingdom 420 634
Brycheiniog Talgarth 450 1045
Cai tribal kingdom 25 871
Ce 1st cent. 900
Ceredigion kingdom 475 680
Connacht tribal chiefdom/kingdom c. 10th cent. BC 1474 AD
Dál Riata Dunadd kingdom 501 878
Deira York 559 664
Dumnonia Isca Dumnoniorum dukedom/principality 290 875
Dyfed kingdom 410 910
East Anglia Rendlesham, Dommoc kingdom 6th cent. 918
East Anglia Rendlesham, Dommoc 512 927
Elmet Loidis 4th cent. 7th cent.
Ergyng 5th cent. 7th cent.
Essex 527 825
Fortriu tribal kingdom 1 850
Glywysing Cardiff kingdom 490 1063
Gododdin 5th cent. 8th cent.
Gwent Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed 420 1081
Gwynedd various 420 1261
Haestingas Hastings tribal kingdom 6th cent. 771
Hwicce Worcester kingdom 577 780s
Kent Durovernum 455 871
Leinster 436 1632
Lindsey Lindum kingdom/client 410 775
Meath Dublin kingdom 1st cent. 1173
Mercia Tamworth 527 918
Northumbria Bamburgh 653 954
Osraige Kilkenny 150 1185
Pictland 250 BC 850 AD[1]
Powys various 488 1160
Rheged 550 650
Seisyllwg 680 920
Strathclyde Dumbarton, Govan 450 1093
Sussex Selsey 477 860
Tyrconnell Dun na nGall 464 1607
Wessex Winchester 519 1018
Wihtwara Wihtgarsburgh 512 927
Eastern Europe Samo's Empire Morava empire 631 648
Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Central Europe, Balkans Hunnic Empire tribal empire 370s 469
Eastern Europe, Central Asia Huns nomadic confederation 1st cent. 370
Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Caucasus Khazar Khaganate various nomadic kingdom 618 1048
Eastern Europe Kutrigurs nomadic confederation/client 453 8th cent.
Old Great Bulgaria Phanagoria kingdom 632 668
Venedae tribal confederation 400 BC 7th cent. AD
Volga Bulgaria Bolghar, Bilär kingdom 660 1236
Southern Europe Duchy of Benevento after 774, Principality of Benevento Benevento dukedom/principality/client 571 1074
Kingdom of the Lombards Pavia kingdom 568 774
Odoacer's Kingdom Ravenna 476 493
Ostrogothic Kingdom 493 553
Southern Europe, Western Europe, Balkans, British Isles; Northern Africa; West Asia Roman Empire Rome, Constantinople empire 27 BC 1453 AD
Southern Europe San Marino San Marino republic 301 present
Duchy of Tridentum Benevento dukedom/principality 574 1802
Western Europe Alamannia kingdom 213 496
Alemanni tribal confederation 85 BC 213 AD
Armorica kingdom/dukedom 343 1532
Austrasia Metz kingdom 511 751
Bavaria dukedom 508 788
Kingdom of the Burgundians Borbetomagus, Lugdunum kingdom 410 534
Carantania Karnburg principality 658 828
Cornouaille 430 1084
Francia Tournai, Paris kingdom/empire 481 843
Franks various tribal confederation 210 481
Frisian Kingdom Dorestad, Utrecht kingdom 600 734
Galicia Santiago de Compostela kingdom 409 1833
Poher Vorgium principality 520 936
Raetia Curiensis Chur bishopric (religious state) 452 1160
Rugiland Vindobona kingdom 467 487
Saxons (Continental) tribal confederation 5th cent. BC 754 AD
Kingdom of Soissons Noviodunum kingdom 457 486
Suebi tribal confederation 60 BC 409 AD
Kingdom of the Suebi Braga kingdom 409 585
Visigothic Kingdom various 418 720
Southern Europe, Western Europe, British Isles; Northern Africa Western Roman Empire Mediolanum, Ravenna empire 395 476
Caucasus Arminiya Dvin principality/client 653 884
Caspiane tribal kingdom/client 650 BC 387 AD
Caucasian Albania Kabalak, Partav kingdom/client 65 BC 628 AD
Iberia various kingdom 302 BC 580 AD
Principality of Iberia Tbilisi principality 580 891
Lazica Phasis kingdom/client 1st cent. BC 7th cent. AD
Sarir Humraj 453 12th cent.
West Asia Adiabene Arbela 15 379
Armenia Van kingdom 553 BC 428 AD
Corduene principality/kingdom/client 800 BC 653 AD
Ghassanid Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir kingdom/client 220 712
Kindah Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil tribal kingdom 2nd cent. BC 525 AD
Lakhmids Al-Hirah kingdom 300 602
West Asia; Northeast Africa Rashidun Caliphate Medina, Kuffa empire 632 661
West Asia, Central Asia, Caucasus Sasanian Empire Estakhr, Ctesiphon 224 637
West Asia Zabdicene principality/client 780 BC 5th cent. AD
Central Asia Afrighids Kath kingdom/client 305 995
Alchon Huns Kapisa kingdom 370 670
Fergana Khokand 220 BC 590 AD
Hephthalite Empire various empire 408 670
Kangju tribal federation 280 BC 585 AD
Kidarites Bactria, Peshawar, Taxila kingdom 320 467
Khotan Khotan 56 1006
Kucha Kucha buddhist kingdom 46 658
Nezak Huns Ghazna, Kapisa kingdom 484 665
Patola Shahis Gilgit buddhist kingdom 6th cent. 8th cent.
Shanshan kingdom 92 BC 445 AD
Shule Kingdom Kashgar 200 BC 790 AD
Central Asia, East Asia Rouran Khaganate confederation 330 555
Central Asia Sumpa tribal chiefdom/client 1600 BC 7th cent. AD
East Asia, Central Asia Tang dynasty Chang'an, Luoyang empire 618 907
Central Asia, East Asia Tibetan Empire Lhasa, Pho brang 618 907
Central Asia Turgesh Khaganate Balasagun nomadic empire 699 766
Central Asia, East Asia First Turkic Khaganate Ordu Baliq confederation 552 747
Central Asia Turpan Turpan buddhist kingdom 480 640
Tuyuhun Fuqi nomadic kingdom 285 670
Xionites tribal federation 320 late 5th cent.
East Africa, Central Africa Yueban tribal confederation 160 490
South Asia Andhra Ikshvaku Vijayapuri kingdom 3rd cent. 4th cent.
Aulikara dynasty Mandsaur 4th cent. 550
Ay Aykudi 4th cent. BC 12th cent. AD
Bumthang Chakhar Gutho 7th cent. 17th cent.
Chalukya dynasty Badami 543 753
Chera Kingdom 5th cent. BC 1102 AD
Davaka kingdom Lanka ? 6th cent.
Eastern Chalukyas Vengi, Rajamundry 624 1129
Eastern Ganga dynasty various 493 1947
Gauda Kingdom Karnasuvarna 590 626
Gupta Empire Pataliputra empire 320 620
Gurjara-Pratihara Kannauj 650 1036
Harsha Kanauj 606 647
Kabul Shahi Kabul, Waihind kingdom/empire 6th cent. 1026
Kadamba dynasty Banavasi kingdom 345 540
Kamarupa various 350 1140
Maitraka Vallabhi empire 475 767
Maukhari Kannauj 550s 8th cent.
Mushika Ezhimalai kingdom 3rd cent. BC 4th cent. AD
Nala dynasty Pushkari 6th cent. 6th cent.
Pallava Empire Kanchi empire 250 BC 800 AD
Pundra Pundravardhana kingdom 1300 BC 550 AD
Rai dynasty Aror empire 489 690
Rajarata various kingdom 377 BC 1310 AD
Ruhuna Magama principality 200 BC 450 AD
Sharabhapuriya dynasty Sharabhapura kingdom 5th cent. 6th cent.
Taank Kingdom Shekilo 550 700
Traikutaka dynasty 388 456
Vakataka Empire Amaravati empire 230 BC 230 AD
Varman dynasty Kannauj kingdom 725 770
Vishnukundina Indrapalanagara empire 420 624
Western Ganga dynasty Kolar, Talakad kingdom 350 1000
Western Satraps Ozone, Barygaza 35 405
Southeast Asia Champa various 192 1832
Chenla Kingdom Bhavapura, Isanapura 550 706
Chi Tu 100 BC 7th cent. AD
Funan various 60 550
Gangga Negara Gangga Negara 2nd cent. 11th cent.
Langkasuka Kedah, Pattani 100 1516
Lavo Kingdom Lavo, Ayodhaya 450 1388
Melayu Kingdom Jambi 4th cent. 13th cent.
Pyu city-states Sri Ksetra federated city states 250 BC 1085 AD
Samaskuta Kingdom kingdom ? 416
Tarumanagara Sundapura 358 669
Thaton Kingdom Thaton 300 BC 1085 AD
Southeast Asia, Vietnam Vạn Xuân Longbian 544 602
East Asia, China Cao Wei various 220 265
Chen dynasty Jiankang 557 589
Cheng Han Chengdu 304 347
Chouchi Lüeyang principality 184 511
Duan tribal chiefdom/dukedom 250 338
Eastern Wei Luoyang, Yecheng kingdom 534 550
Eastern Wu Wuchang, Jianye 229 280
Former Zhao Lishi 304 329
Jin Luoyang empire 266 420
Khitans Shangjing kingdom/client 388 1211
Liang dynasty Jiankang, Jiangling kingdom 502 557
Liu Song dynasty Jiankang empire 420 479
Mu'ege Mugebaizhage chiefdom 300 1698
Northern Liang Jiankang kingdom/client 397 460
Northern Qi Yecheng kingdom 550 577
Northern Wei Shengle empire 386 585
Northern Zhou Chang'an kingdom 557 581
Shu Han Chengdu 221 263
Southern Qi Jiankang 477 502
Sui dynasty Dazing, later Luoyang 581 618
Western Liang Jingzhou 555 587
Western Qin Yongshicheng 385 431
Western Wei Chang'an 535 557
East Asia, Japan Japan various empire 660 BC present
East Asia, Korean Peninsula Baekje kingdom 18 BC 660 AD
Balhae Dongmo empire 698 926
Buyeo Buyeoseong kingdom 189 BC 494 AD
Dongye chiefdom 3rd cent. BC 5th cent. AD
Gaya confederacy Gaya confederation 42 562
Goguryeo various kingdom 37 BC 668 AD
Mahan confederacy Cheonan confederation 98 BC 250 AD
Okjeo tribal state 2nd cent. BC 5th cent. AD
Samhan confederation 1st cent. BC 4th cent. AD
Siljik kingdom 102 6th cent.
Silla Gyeongju 55 BC 935 AD
Usan 512 930

See also

References

  1. ^ Salway, Peter. "Gaelic Kingdoms: Kingdoms of Caledonia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
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