List of parrots

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
EX	Extinct (15 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (1 species)
CR	Critically endangered (17 species)
EN	Endangered (38 species)
VU	Vulnerable (54 species)
NT	Near threatened (59 species)
LC	Least concern (219 species)
Other categories
DD	Data deficient (0 species)
NE	Not evaluated (5 species)

Parrots, also known as psittacines (/ˈsɪtəkaɪnz/),^[1]^[2] are the 402 species of birds that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions, of which 387 are extant. The order is subdivided into three superfamilies; the Psittacoidea ("true" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).^[3]^[4] Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres as well. The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.^[5]

The Cacatuoidea are distinct from the rest of the order in having a movable head crest, a different arrangement of the carotid arteries, a gall bladder, differences in the skull bones,^[6] and in lacking the Dyck texture feathers that, in the Psittacoidea, scatter light to produce the vibrant colours of so many parrots.^[7] The Lorikeets were previously regarded as a family, Loriidae,^[8]^: 45 but are now considered a tribe (Loriini) within the subfamily Loriinae, family Psittaculidae.^[9]^[10]^[11] Some species, such as the Puerto Rican amazon (Amazona vittata) have had a population bottleneck (in this case reduced to 13 individuals in 1975) and subsequently have low genetic variability and low reproductive success, leading to complications with conservation.^[12]

No consensus existed regarding the taxonomy of Psittaciformes until recently. The placement of the Strigopoidea species has been variable in the past.^[13] They were once considered part of the Psittacoidea, but recent 21st century studies place this group of New Zealand species as their own superfamily next to the Cacatuoidea and remaining members of the Psittacoidea.^[9]^[10]^[11] Many studies have confirmed the unique placement of this group at the base of the parrot tree.^[3]^[9]^[11]^[10] Most authors now accept this group as a separate taxon^[3]^[14]^[15] containing a single family Strigopidae,^[16]^[17] though some split this into two families, Nestoridae and Strigopidae.^[3]^[18] Conversely, the relationships among various cockatoo genera are largely resolved.^[9]^[19]^[20]^[21]

Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the bird's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. The extinct species listed became extinct after 1500 CE (recently extinct^[22]), and are indicated by a dagger symbol "†".

Classification

The order Psittaciformes consists of 387 extant species belonging to 87 genera. The following classification is based on the most recent proposals as of 2012,^[9]^[10]^[3] with some updates to match the AviList.^[17]

Superfamily Strigopoidea: New Zealand parrots^[23]

Family Strigopidae: three genera with three living (the flightless, critically endangered kākāpō, the kea and the New Zealand kaka), and several extinct species in the New Zealand region

Superfamily Cacatuoidea: cockatoos^[19]

Family Cacatuidae
- Subfamily Nymphicinae: one genus with one species, the cockatiel
- Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae: the black cockatoos
- Subfamily Cacatuinae
  - Tribe Microglossini: one genus with one species, the black palm cockatoo
  - Tribe Cacatuini: four genera of white, pink, and grey species

Superfamily Psittacoidea: true parrots^[24]

Family Psittacidae
- Subfamily Psittacinae: two African genera, Psittacus and Poicephalus
- Subfamily Arinae
  - Tribe Arini: eighteen genera
  - Tribe Androglossini: seven genera
Family Psittaculidae^[25]
- Subfamily Psittrichasinae: one species, Pesquet's parrot
- Subfamily Coracopsinae: one genus with several species
- Subfamily Platycercinae
  - Tribe Pezoporini: ground parrots and allies
  - Tribe Platycercini: broad-tailed parrots
- Subfamily Psittacellinae: one genus (Psittacella) with several species
- Subfamily Loriinae
  - Tribe Loriini: lories and lorikeets
  - Tribe Melopsittacini: one genus with one species, the budgerigar
  - Tribe Cyclopsittini: fig parrots
- Subfamily Agapornithinae: three genera
- Subfamily Psittaculinae
  - Tribe Polytelini: three genera
  - Tribe Psittaculini: Asian psittacines
  - Tribe Micropsittini: pygmy parrots

New Zealand parrots

Family Strigopidae

Genus **Strigops** Gray, 1845 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Kākāpō	S. habroptilus Gray, 1845	CR^IUCN	Codfish Island / Whenua Hou, Anchor Island, and Little Barrier Island

Genus **Nestor** Lesson, 1830 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
New Zealand kākā	N. meridionalis (Gmelin, 1788)	eEN^IUCN
Norfolk kākā	†N. productus (Gould, 1836)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Norfolk Island and Phillip Island until 1851
Kea	N. notabilis Gould, 1856	gVU^IUCN

Cockatoos

Family Cacatuidae

Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae

Genus **Calyptorhynchus** Desmarest, 1826 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-tailed black cockatoo	C. banksii (Latham, 1790)	LC^IUCN
Glossy black cockatoo	C. lathami (Temminck, 1807)	VU^IUCN		Male left, female right

Genus **Zanda** Mathews, 1913 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Baudin's black cockatoo	Z. baudinii (Lear, 1832)	eCR^IUCN
Yellow-tailed black cockatoo	Z. funerea (Shaw, 1794)	LC^IUCN	Z. f. funereus in red, Z. f. xanthanotus in green
Carnaby's black cockatoo	Z. latirostris (Carnaby, 1948)	eEN^IUCN

Subfamily Nymphicinae

Genus **Nymphicus** Wagler, 1832 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Cockatiel	N. hollandicus (Kerr, 1792)	LC^IUCN		Male left, female right

Subfamily Cacatuinae

Tribe Microglossini

Genus **Probosciger** Kuhl, 1820 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Palm cockatoo	P. aterrimus (Gmelin, 1788)	NT^IUCN

Tribe Cacatuini

Genus **Callocephalon** Lesson, 1837 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Gang-gang cockatoo	C. fimbriatum (Grant, 1803)	VU^IUCN

Genus **Eolophus** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Galah	E. roseicapilla (Vieillot, 1817)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Cacatua** Vieillot, 1817 – 12 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
White cockatoo	C. alba (Müller, 1776)	eEN^IUCN	North Maluku
Solomons cockatoo	C. ducorpsii Pucheran, 1853	LC^IUCN	Solomon Islands
Sulphur-crested cockatoo	C. galerita (Latham, 1790)	LC^IUCN	Native range in red, introduced range in violet
Tanimbar corella	C. goffiniana Roselaar and Michels, 2004	iNT^IUCN	Yamdena and Larat of the Tanimbar Islands, and introduced to the Kai Islands
Red-vented cockatoo	C. haematuropygia (Müller, 1776)	CR^IUCN	The Philippines
Pink cockatoo	C. leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831)	LC^IUCN
Salmon-crested cockatoo	C. moluccensis (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	Seram, Ambon Island, Saparua and Haruku Island
Blue-eyed cockatoo	C. ophthalmica Sclater, 1864	gVU^IUCN
Western corella	C. pastinator (Gould, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Southwest Australian coast
Little corella	C. sanguinea Gould, 1843	LC^IUCN	Australia, excluding Cape York Peninsula and west central Australia, and introduced to Tasmania
Yellow-crested cockatoo	C. sulphurea (Gmelin, 1788)	CR^IUCN	Native range in blue, introduced range in red
Long-billed corella	C. tenuirostris (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	New South Wales, excluding the eastern coast

True parrots

Family Psittacidae

Subfamily Psittacinae

Genus **Psittacus (grey parrots)** Linnaeus, 1758 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Grey parrot	P. erithacus Linnaeus, 1758	eEN^IUCN
Timneh parrot	P. timneh Fraser, 1844	eEN^IUCN

Genus **Poicephalus** Swainson, 1837 – ten species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Senegal parrot	P. senegalus (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	West Africa (excluding the Maghreb)
Red-bellied parrot	P. rufiventris (Rüppell, 1842)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Horn of Africa, eastern Kenya, and northeast Tanzania
Rüppell's parrot	P. rueppellii (G. R. Gray, 1849)	LC^IUCN	Northern Namibia and the coast of Angola
Brown-necked parrot	P. fuscicollis (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	From Gambia and southern Senegal to Ghana and Togo
Cape parrot	P. robustus (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN
Meyer's parrot	P. meyeri (Cretzschmar, 1827)	LC^IUCN
Red-fronted parrot	P. gulielmi (Jardine, 1849)	LC^IUCN
Yellow-fronted parrot	P. flavifrons (Rüppell, 1842)	LC^IUCN	Western Ethiopia
Brown-headed parrot	P. cryptoxanthus (Peters, 1854)	LC^IUCN	Southeast African coast
Niam-Niam parrot	P. crassus (Sharpe, 1884)	LC^IUCN	Central Central African Republic

Subfamily Arinae (neotropical parrots)

Tribe Arini

Genus **Cyanoliseus** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Burrowing parrot	C. patagonus (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Central Argentina stretching to the coasts

Genus **Enicognathus** G. R. Gray, 1840 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Slender-billed parakeet	E. leptorhynchus (King, 1831)	LC^IUCN	Central Chilean coast (central meaning halfway between the northern and southern extremes)
Austral parakeet	E. ferrugineus (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Patagonian coast, southern Tierra del Fuego, the Falkland Islands, South Sandwich Islands and South Georgia

Genus **Rhynchopsitta (thick-billed parrots)** Bonaparte, 1854 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Thick-billed parrot	R. pachyrhyncha (Swainson, 1827)	eEN^IUCN	Sierra Madre Occidental
Maroon-fronted parrot	R. terrisi Moore, 1947	eEN^IUCN	Sierra Madre Oriental

Genus **Pyrrhura** Bonaparte, 1856 – 28 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Ochre-marked parakeet	P. cruentata (Wied-Neuwied, 1820)	gVU^IUCN	Scattered populations around the southeastern coast of Brazil (north of São Paulo)
Maroon-bellied parakeet	P. frontalis (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Southwest Brazil, northern Uruguay, and southern Paraguay
Blaze-winged parakeet	P. devillei (Massena and de Souancé, 1854)	iNT^IUCN	Northern Paraguay and Southwest Brazil along the Brazil/(northern) Paraguay border
Crimson-bellied parakeet	P. perlata (Spix, 1824)	gVU^IUCN	Central Brazil and along the Brazil/Bolivia border
Pearly parakeet	P. lepida (Wagler, 1832)	gVU^IUCN	Northeast Brazil south of the Amazon River
Green-cheeked parakeet	P. molinae (Massena and de Souancé, 1854)	LC^IUCN
Painted parakeet	P. picta (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Northeast South America, north of the Amazon river and east of the Venezuela/Colombia border
Sinú parakeet	P. subandina (Todd, 1917)	CR^IUCN	Sinú Valley in northern Colombia near (but not bordering) the Gulf of Darién
Azuero parakeet	P. eisenmanni Delgado, 1985	eEN^IUCN	Southwest Azuero Peninsula
Venezuelan parakeet	P. emma Salvadori, 1891	LC^IUCN	Northern coast of Venezuela
Santarem parakeet	P. amazonum Hellmayr, 1906	eEN^IUCN	Central and southeast Amazon in Brazil
Madeira parakeet	P. snethlageae Joseph and Bates, 2002	gVU^IUCN	Eastern Brazil, west of the Brazil/Bolivia border, south of the Madeira River, and north of the Araguaia River
Bonaparte's parakeet	P. lucianii (Deville, 1851)	LC^IUCN	Northwest Amazon rainforest in Brazil
Rose-fronted parakeet	P. roseifrons (Gray, 1859)	LC^IUCN	Along the Peru/Brazil border and Peru/Bolivia border
Wavy-breasted parakeet	P. peruviana Hocking, Blake, and Joseph, 2002	LC^IUCN	Along the Marañón river in northern Peru and Ecuador
White-eared parakeet	P. leucotis (Kuhl, 1820)	gVU^IUCN	Southeast Brazilian coast, north of Rio de Janeiro and south of Salvador de Bahia
Grey-breasted parakeet	P. griseipectus Salvadori, 1900	eEN^IUCN	Scattered populations in northern Ceará, a state in Brazil
Pfrimer's parakeet	P. pfrimeri de Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920	eEN^IUCN	Dry forest near the Serra Geral
Fiery-shouldered parakeet	P. egregia (Sclater, 1881)	LC^IUCN	Venezuela west of the Rio Caroni, and Guyana east of the Mazaruni River
Santa Marta parakeet	P. viridicata Todd, 1913	eEN^IUCN	Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Maroon-tailed parakeet	P. melanura (Spix, 1824)	LC^IUCN	Northwest South America, east of the Andes Mountains
El Oro parakeet	P. orcesi Ridgely & Robbins, 1988	eEN^IUCN	El Oro Province in Ecuador
Black-capped parakeet	P. rupicola (Tschudi, 1844)	iNT^IUCN	Around the Brazil/Peru/Bolivia border within the State of Acre and west of the Andes mountains
White-breasted parakeet	P. albipectus Chapman, 1914	gVU^IUCN	Zamora-Chinchipe Province
Flame-winged parakeet	P. calliptera (Massena and de Souancé, 1854)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in Colombia
Blood-eared parakeet	P. hoematotis de Souancé, 1857	LC^IUCN	Northern coast of Venezuela
Rose-crowned parakeet	P. rhodocephala (Sclater and Salvin, 1871)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Venezuela, near Lake Maracaibo
Sulphur-winged parakeet	P. hoffmanni (Cabanis, 1861)	LC^IUCN	Continental Divide running through Costa Rica and Panama

Genus **Anodorhynchus (blue macaws)** von Spix, 1824 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Glaucous macaw	A. glaucus (Vieillot, 1816)	CR^IUCN	A small population in northeast Argentina near the Argentina/Brazil/Paraguay border
Hyacinth macaw	A. hyacinthinus (Latham, 1790)	gVU^IUCN
Lear's macaw	A. leari Bonaparte, 1856	eEN^IUCN

Genus **Leptosittaca** von Berlepsch and Stolzmann, 1894 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Golden-plumed parakeet	L. branickii von Berlepsch and Stolzmann, 1894	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in Peru, Colombia, and near the Ecuador/Peru and Ecuador/Colombia borders

Genus **Ognorhynchus** Bonaparte, 1857 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Yellow-eared parrot	O. icterotis (Massena and de Souancé, 1854)	eEN^IUCN	Along the Chocó Department/Antioquia Department border

Genus **Diopsittaca** Ridgway, 1912 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Southern red-shouldered macaw	D. cumanensis (Lichtenstein, 1823)	LC^IUCN	Brazil, south of the Amazon rainforest
Northern Red-shouldered Macaw	D. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Northern coasts of French Guiana and Suriname, northern Guyana, and eastern Venezuela

Genus **Guaruba** Lesson, 1830 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Golden parakeet	G. guarouba (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	Southern border of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, but regionally extinct near the coast

Genus †*Conuropsis* Salvadori, 1891 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Carolina parakeet	†C. carolinensis (Linnaeus, 1758)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly the eastern and southern United States

Genus **Cyanopsitta** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Spix's macaw	C. spixii (Wagler, 1832)	jEW^IUCN	Central eastern Brazil

Genus **Orthopsittaca** Ridgway, 1912 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-bellied macaw	O. manilatus (Boddaert, 1783)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Ara** de Lacépède, 1799 – nine species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Great green macaw	A. ambiguus (Bechstein, 1811)	EN^IUCN
Blue-and-yellow macaw	A. ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN
Red-and-green macaw	A. chloropterus Gray, 1859	LC^IUCN
Blue-throated macaw	A. glaucogularis Dabbene, 1921	CR^IUCN
Scarlet macaw	A. macao (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN
Military macaw	A. militaris (Linnaeus, 1766)	gVU^IUCN
Red-fronted macaw	A. rubrogenys de Lafresnaye, 1847	CR^IUCN
Chestnut-fronted macaw	A. severus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN
Cuban macaw	†A. tricolor (Bechstein, 1811)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Cuba and Isla de la Juventud until 1885

Genus **Primolius** Bonaparte, 1857 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Golden-collared macaw	P. auricollis (Cassin, 1853)	LC^IUCN
Blue-headed macaw	P. couloni (Sclater, 1876)	gVU^IUCN	Southern Peru east of the Andes, and the along the northern Bolivia/Brazil and Bolivia/Peru borders
Blue-winged macaw	P. maracana (Vieillot, 1816)	iNT^IUCN

Genus **Aratinga** von Spix, 1824 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Golden-capped parakeet	A. auricapillus (Kuhl, 1820)	iNT^IUCN	Scattered populations in southeast Brazil, north of São Paulo
Jandaya parakeet	A. jandaya (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Brazil
Sulphur-breasted parakeet	A. maculata (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Scattered populations in Pará and Amapá (states in Brazil)
Nanday parakeet	A. nenday (Vieillot, 1823)	LC^IUCN	Central Paraguay, spilling over to the southeastern Bolivia/Brazil border
Sun parakeet	A. solstitialis (Linnaeus, 1758)	eEN^IUCN	Northwest Roraima (a state in Brazil), and along the Brazil/Venezuela/Guyana border
Dusky-headed parakeet	A. weddellii (Deville, 1851)	LC^IUCN	Eastern South America, east of the Andes, south of the Colombia/Peru border, and north of central Bolivia

Genus **Eupsittula** Bonaparte, 1853 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Aztec parakeet	E. astec (de Souancé, 1857)	LC^IUCN	Middle America along the Caribbean Sea
Peach-fronted parakeet	E. aurea (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Brazil (excluding northwest Brazil), eastern Bolivia, and central Paraguay
Caatinga parakeet	E. cactorum (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	The Caatinga region in Brazil
Orange-fronted parakeet	E. canicularis (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Middle America bordering the Pacific Ocean (excluding the Gulf of California), and introduced to Puerto Rico
Jamaican parakeet	E. nana (Vigors, 1830)	iNT^IUCN	Jamaica
Brown-throated parakeet	E. pertinax (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Northern South America and Panama, introduced to the British Virgin Islands and Dominica	Mainland phenotype left, Antillean phenotype right

Genus **Psittacara** Vigors, 1837 – 12 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Blue-crowned parakeet	P. acuticaudatus (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Northern Venezuela, southwest Bolivia, Paraguay, northern Argentina (west of the Andes and excluding the coast), and the Caatinga
Socorro parakeet	P. brevipes (Lawrence, 1871)	NE^IUCN ^[a]	Socorro Island
Hispaniolan parakeet	P. chloropterus de Souancé, 1856	gVU^IUCN	Scattered areas in Hispaniola
Red-masked parakeet	P. erythrogenys Lesson, 1844	iNT^IUCN	Ecuador and northern Peru, west of the Andes mountains
Cuban parakeet	P. euops (Wagler, 1832)	gVU^IUCN	Scattered areas in Cuba
Finsch's parakeet	P. finschi (Salvin, 1871)	LC^IUCN	Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and western Panama (along the Pacific Ocean)
Cordilleran parakeet	P. frontatus (Cabanis, 1846)	iNT^IUCN	Peru west of the Andes mountains
Green parakeet	P. holochlorus (Sclater, 1859)	LC^IUCN	Mexico east of the Sierra Madre Oriental and west of the Sierra Madre Occidental, and Honduras and Guatemala bordering the Pacific Ocean
Guadeloupe parakeet	†P. labati (Rothschild, 1905)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Guadeloupe until the mid-18th century
White-eyed parakeet	P. leucophthalmus (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Central South America and the northeast coast
Puerto Rican parakeet	†P. maugei Souancé, 1856	NE^IUCN ^[b]	Formerly Puerto Rico until the mid-19th century
Mitred parakeet	P. mitratus (von Tschudi, 1844)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Bolivia, southern Peru, and northern Argentina
Red-throated parakeet	P. rubritorquis (Sclater, 1887)	LC^IUCN	Honduras, southern Guatemala, and northern Nicaragua, excluding the coasts
Pacific parakeet	P. strenuus (Ridgway, 1915)	NE^IUCN ^[c]	western Nicaragua	A green parrot
Scarlet-fronted parakeet	P. wagleri (Gray, 1845)	iNT^IUCN	Andes mountains in Colombia and Venezuela

Genus *Pionites* (caiques) Heine, 1890 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Green-thighed parrot	P. leucogaster (Kuhl, 1820)	eEN^IUCN	North central Brazil
Black-legged parrot	P. xanthomerius (Sclater, 1858)	LC^IUCN	Northern Bolivia, eastern Peru, and western Brazil around the Peru/Brazil and Bolivia/Brazil borders
Yellow-tailed parrot	P. xanthurus (Todd, 1925)	gVU^IUCN	Northwest Brazil
Black-headed parrot	P. melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Deroptyus** Wagler, 1832 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-fan parrot	D. accipitrinus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN

Tribe Forpini

Genus **Forpus** Bonaparte, 1857 – eight species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Pacific parrotlet	F. coelestis (Lesson, 1847)	LC^IUCN	Ecuador and northern Peru, west of the Andes mountains
Spectacled parrotlet	F. conspicillatus (de Lafresnaye, 1848)	LC^IUCN	Northern Colombia and eastern Panama
Mexican parrotlet	F. cyanopygius (de Souancé, 1856)	iNT^IUCN	Sierra Madre Occidental
Dusky-billed parrotlet	F. modestus (Cabanis, 1849)	LC^IUCN	Northern Bolivia, northern and eastern Peru, southern Colombia, western Brazil, and the mouth of the Amazon river
Green-rumped parrotlet	F. passerinus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Northern Atlantic coast of South America, and introduced to Barbados and Jamaica
Turquoise-winged parrotlet	Forpus spengeli (Hartlaub, 1885)	LC^IUCN	Pacific coast of Colombia
Yellow-faced parrotlet	F. xanthops (Salvin, 1895)	gVU^IUCN	Marañón Valley, Peru
Cobalt-rumped parrotlet	F. xanthopterygius (von Spix, 1824)^[d]	LC^IUCN	Eastern Brazil, central Bolivia, and Peru east of the Andes mountains
Riparian parrotlet	F. crassirostris (Taczanowski, 1883)	NE	Southeastern Colombia to western Brazil and northern Peru

Tribe Amoropsittacini

Genus **Psilopsiagon** Ridgway, 1912 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Mountain parakeet	P. aurifrons (Lesson, 1831)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina
Grey-hooded parakeet	P. aymara (d'Orbigny, 1839)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Bolivia and Argentina

Genus **Bolborhynchus** Bonaparte, 1857 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Rufous-fronted parakeet	B. ferrugineifrons (Lawrence, 1880)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in southern Colombia
Barred parakeet	B. lineola (Cassin, 1853)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains excluding those in Chile and Argentina, and the mountains of Central America
Andean parakeet	B. orbygnesius (de Souancé, 1856)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains of Bolivia and Peru

Genus **Nannopsittaca** Ridgway, 1912 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Manu parrotlet	N. dachilleae O'Neill, Munn, and Franke, 1991	iNT^IUCN	Southern Peru, north of the Andes mountains, along the Peru/Bolivia border
Tepui parrotlet	N. panychlora (Salvin and Godman, 1883)	LC^IUCN	Scattered in southern Venezuela	on top

Genus **Touit** Gray, 1855 – eight species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Lilac-tailed parrotlet	T. batavicus (Boddaert, 1783)	LC^IUCN	Northern Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana
Scarlet-shouldered parrotlet	T. huetii (Temminck, 1830)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in Peru and Ecuador, western Venezuela, northern Guyana, and north central Brazil
Red-fronted parrotlet	T. costaricensis (Cory, 1913)	gVU^IUCN	Mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama
Blue-fronted parrotlet	T. dilectissimus (Sclater and Salvin, 1871)	LC^IUCN	Ecuador and Colombia west of the Andes mountains
Brown-backed parrotlet	T. melanonotus (Wied-Neuwied, 1820)	eEN^IUCN	Southeast coast of Brazil
Sapphire-rumped parrotlet	T. purpuratus (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Northeast South America, stretching to the Peru/Colombia/Ecuador border
Spot-winged parrotlet	T. stictopterus (Sclater, 1862)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in Ecuador
Golden-tailed parrotlet	T. surdus (Kuhl, 1820)	gVU^IUCN	Coast of Brazil, excluding the northeast coast

Tribe Androglossini

Genus **Pionopsitta** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Pileated parrot	P. pileata (Scopoli, 1769)	LC^IUCN	Southern Paraguay, and the southeast coast of Brazil

Genus **Triclaria** Wagler, 1832 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Blue-bellied parrot	T. malachitacea (von Spix, 1824)	iNT^IUCN	Fragmented populations near Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Rio Grande do Sul

Genus **Pyrilia** Bonaparte, 1856 – seven species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Bald parrot	P. aurantiocephala (Gaban-Lima, Raposo, and Hofling, 2002)	iNT^IUCN	Lower Madeira and Upper Tapajós rivers
Orange-cheeked parrot	P. barrabandi (Kuhl, 1820)	iNT^IUCN	Northwest South America east of the Andes mountains
Caica parrot	P. caica (Latham, 1790)	iNT^IUCN	Roraima, Pará, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, and eastern Venezuela
Brown-hooded parrot	P. haematotis (Sclater and Salvin, 1860)	LC^IUCN	Central America, excluding the mountain ranges
Rose-faced parrot	P. pulchra (von Berlepsch, 1897)	LC^IUCN	Ecuador and Colombia west of the Andes mountains
Saffron-headed parrot	P. pyrilia (Bonaparte, 1853)	iNT^IUCN	Andes mountains in Colombia and western Venezuela
Vulturine parrot	P. vulturina (Kuhl, 1820)	gVU^IUCN	Pará south of the Amazon river

Genus **Pionus** Wagler, 1832 – 8 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Bronze-winged parrot	P. chalcopterus (Fraser, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
Dusky parrot	P. fuscus (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Northeast South America and along the Colombia/Venezuela border west of Lake Maracaibo
Scaly-headed parrot	P. maximiliani (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Paraguay, southern Brazil, and east and central Bolivia
Blue-headed parrot	P. menstruus (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	Northern and central South America, excluding the Andes
White-crowned parrot	P. senilis (von Spix, 1824)	LC^IUCN	Central America bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Sierra Madre Oriental
White-capped parrot	P. seniloides (Massena and de Souancé, 1854)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru
Red-billed parrot	P. sordidus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, northern Peru, and southern Colombia
Speckle-faced parrot	P. tumultuosus (von Tschudi, 1844)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in southern Peru and northern Bolivia

Genus **Graydidascalus** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Short-tailed parrot	G. brachyurus (Temminck & Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Along the Amazon river

Genus **Alipiopsitta** Caparroz and Pacheco, 2006 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Yellow-faced parrot	A. xanthops (von Spix, 1824)	iNT^IUCN	Central Brazil south of the Amazon

Genus **Amazona (Amazon parrots)** Lesson, 1830 – 35 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Blue-fronted amazon	A. aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Paraguay, western Bolivia, northern Argentina, southern Brazil
Black-billed amazon	A. agilis (Linnaeus, 1758)	VU^IUCN	Central Jamaica
White-fronted amazon	A. albifrons (Sparrman, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Northwest Costa Rica, western Nicaragua, western Honduras, Western Mexico, and the Yucatán Peninsula
Orange-winged amazon	A. amazonica (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	Northern South America and the southeast coast of Brazil
Red-necked amazon	A. arausiaca (Müller, 1776)	gVU^IUCN	Central Dominica
Yellow-naped amazon	A. auropalliata (Lesson, 1842)	gVU^IUCN	Pacific coast of Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, northern Costa Rica, and southern Mexico
Red-lored amazon	A. autumnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Central America, northern Colombia, and the Sierra Madre Oriental
Yellow-shouldered amazon	A. barbadensis (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	Margarita Island, Blanquilla Island, Curaçao, Bonaire, and northern Venezuela
Red-tailed amazon	A. brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758)	gVU^IUCN	Southern coast of São Paulo
Yellow-billed amazon	A. collaria (Linnaeus, 1758)	gVU^IUCN	Jamaica
Diademed amazon	A. diadema (von Spix, 1824)	eEN^IUCN	Northeast Amazonas
Blue-cheeked amazon	A. dufresniana (Shaw, 1812)	iNT^IUCN	Suriname, French Guiana, Guyana, and east Venezuela
Festive amazon	A. festiva (Linnaeus, 1758)	iNT^IUCN	Along the Amazon river
Lilac-crowned amazon	A. finschi (Sclater, 1864)	eEN^IUCN	Pacific coast of Mexico
Mealy amazon	A. farinosa (Boddaert, 1783)	iNT^IUCN	Central and South America
Saint Vincent amazon	A. guildingii (Vigors, 1837)	VU^IUCN	Northeast St Vincent and the Grenadines
Imperial amazon	A. imperialis Richmond, 1899	eEN^IUCN	Dominica
Kawall's amazon	A. kawalli Grantsau and Camargo, 1989	iNT^IUCN	Southern Amazonas and eastern Pará
Cuban amazon	A. leucocephala (Linnaeus, 1758)	iNT^IUCN	Cuba, the Isle of Pines, Abaco Islands, Great Inagua, and the Cayman Islands
Lilacine amazon	A. lilacina (Lesson, 1844)	eEN^IUCN	Ecuador west of the Andes mountains
Martinique amazon	†A. martinicana Clark, 1905	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Martinique until 1779
Scaly-naped amazon	A. mercenarius (von Tschudi, 1844)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and northern Bolivia
Yellow-crowned amazon	A. ochrocephala (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Northern South America, east of the Andes
Yellow-headed amazon	A. oratrix Ridgway, 1887	eEN^IUCN	Scattered coastal areas of southern Mexico
Red-spectacled amazon	A. pretrei (Temminck, 1830)	gVU^IUCN	Scattered populations in central Rio Grande do Sul
Red-browed amazon	A. rhodocorytha (Salvadori, 1890)	eEN^IUCN	Scattered populations along the southeast coastline of Brazil
Tucumán amazon	A. tucumana (Cabanis, 1885)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in northern Argentina and southern Bolivia
Hispaniolan amazon	A. ventralis (Müller, 1776)	gVU^IUCN	Hispaniola, Grande Cayemite, Gonâve, Beata, and Saona Island, and introduced to Puerto Rico, St Croix, and St. Thomas Island
Saint Lucia amazon	A. versicolor (Müller, 1776)	gVU^IUCN	St Lucia
Vinaceous-breasted amazon	A. vinacea (Kuhl, 1820)	eEN^IUCN
Guadeloupe amazon	†A. violacea (Gmelin, 1789)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Guadeloupe until 1779
Red-crowned amazon	A. viridigenalis (Cassin, 1853)	eEN^IUCN	Sierra Madre Occidental
Puerto Rican amazon	A. vittata (Boddaert, 1783)	CR^IUCN	Former range left, current range right
Yucatán amazon	A. xantholora (Gray, 1859)	LC^IUCN	Yucatán Peninsula

Genus **Hapalopsittaca** Ridgway, 1912 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Rusty-faced parrot	H. amazonina (des Murs, 1845)	gVU^IUCN	Andes mountains in Colombia and Venezuela
Fuertes's parrot	H. fuertesi (Chapman, 1912)	CR^IUCN	Andes mountains in central Colombia
Black-winged parrot	H. melanotis (de Lafresnaye, 1847)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in northern Bolivia and central Peru
Red-faced parrot	H. pyrrhops (Salvin, 1876)	gEN^IUCN	Andes mountains in southern Ecuador

Genus **Brotogeris** Vigors, 1825 – eight species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Yellow-chevroned parakeet	B. chiriri (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia and Paraguay, and introduced to California around Los Angeles and San Francisco, and southern Florida
Golden-winged parakeet	B. chrysoptera (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, eastern Venezuela, and northeast Brazil
Cobalt-winged parakeet	B. cyanoptera (Pelzeln, 1870)	LC^IUCN	Northwest South America, east of the Andes mountains
Orange-chinned parakeet	B. jugularis (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, southern El Salvador and Guatemala, northern Colombia, and northwest Venezuela
Grey-cheeked parakeet	B. pyrrhoptera (Latham, 1801)	eEN^IUCN	Ecuador, west of the Andes mountains
Tui parakeet	B. sanctithomae (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Northern Bolivia, eastern Peru, and along the Amazon river in Brazil
Plain parakeet	B. tirica (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Southern coast of Brazil
White-winged parakeet	B. versicolurus (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Along the Amazon river, and introduced to California around Los Angeles and San Francisco

Genus **Myiopsitta** Bonaparte, 1854 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Cliff parakeet	M. luchsi (Finsch, 1868)	LC^IUCN	Andes mountains in Bolivia
Monk parakeet	M. monachus (Boddaert, 1783)	LC^IUCN	Paraguay, Uruguay, and eastern Argentina, introduced to Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, Japan, Virgin Islands, the southern and eastern United States, and western Europe

Family Psittaculidae

Subfamily Platycercinae

Tribe Platycercini (broad-tailed parrots)

Genus **Platycercus (rosellas)** Vigors, 1825 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Western rosella	P. icterotis (Temminck & Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Southwest Australia^[26]
Crimson rosella	P. elegans (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN
Green rosella	P. caledonicus (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Tasmania and the Bass Strait islands^[27]
Pale-headed rosella	P. adscitus (Latham, 1790)	LC^IUCN	Cape York Peninsula and northeastern New South Wales^[28]
Eastern rosella	P. eximius (Shaw, 1792)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Australia and Tasmania, naturalized in New Zealand^[29]
Northern rosella	P. venustus (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Western half of the Gulf of Carpentaria to the Kimberley^[30]

Genus **Prosopeia (shining parrots)** Bonaparte, 1854 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Masked shining parrot	P. personata (Gray, 1848)	iNT^IUCN	Viti Levu, the largest island of Fiji
Maroon shining parrot	P. tabuensis, (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Vanua Levu and Taveuni, which are two islands of Fiji
Crimson shining parrot	P. splendens, (Peale, 1849)	gNT^IUCN	Kadavu and Ono, which are part of the Kadavu Group in Fiji

Genus **Eunymphicus** Peters, 1937 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Horned parakeet	E. cornutus, (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	New Caledonia
Ouvea parakeet	E. uvaeensis (Layard, EL & Layard, ELC, 1882)	eEN^IUCN	Uvea, an island of Loyalty Islands, and New Caledonia

Genus **Cyanoramphus** Bonaparte, 1854 – seven species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Yellow-crowned parakeet	C. auriceps (Kuhl, 1820)	iNT^IUCN	New Zealand, Stewart Island, and Auckland Island
Malherbe's parakeet	C. malherbi de Souancé, 1857	CR^IUCN	South Island (of New Zealand)
Red-crowned parakeet	C. novaezelandiae (Sparrman, 1787)	iNT^IUCN	New Zealand and several nearby islands, New Caledonia, and Norfolk Island
Society parakeet	†C. ulietanus (Gmelin, 1788)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Raiatea, an island of the Society Islands in French Polynesia until 1777
Antipodes parakeet	C. unicolor (Lear, 1831)	gVU^IUCN	Antipodes Islands of New Zealand
Black-fronted parakeet	†C. zealandicus (Latham, 1790)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Tahiti and French Polynesia until 1844

Genus **Barnardius** Bonaparte 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Australian ringneck	B. zonarius (Shaw, 1805)	LC^IUCN	Australian mainland, excluding the northern and eastern coasts

Genus **Purpureicephalus** Bonaparte 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-capped parrot	P. spurius (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Southwestern tip of Australia

Genus **Lathamus** Lesson 1830 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Swift parrot	L. discolor Shaw, 1790	CR^IUCN

Genus **Northiella** Mathews 1912 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Eastern bluebonnet	N. haematogaster (Gould, 1838)	LC^IUCN	New South Wales and into Southern Australia and the southeastern corner of Western Australia
Naretha bluebonnet	N. narethae (HL White, 1921)	NE^IUCN ^[e]	southeastern Western Australia, southwestern South Australia

Genus **Psephotus** Gould 1845 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-rumped parrot	P. haematonotus (Gould, 1838)	LC^IUCN	New South Wales and southern Queensland

Genus **Psephotellus** Mathews 1913 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Mulga parrot	P. varius (Clark, 1910)	LC^IUCN	Southern and central Australia
Hooded parrot	P. dissimilis (Collett, 1898)	LC^IUCN	Northern Territory
Golden-shouldered parrot	P. chrysopterygius (Gould, 1858)	eEN^IUCN	Cape York Peninsula
Paradise parrot	†P. pulcherrimus (Gould, 1845)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly eastern Australia until 1928

Tribe Pezoporini
Bonaparte, 1837

Genus **Neophema** Salvadori 1891 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Blue-winged parrot	N. chrysostoma (Kuhl, 1820)	VU^IUCN	Western New South Wales, eastern Southern Australia, and a resident population in Tasmania and the southern coast of New South Wales
Elegant parrot	N. elegans (Gould, 1837)	LC^IUCN
Rock parrot	N. petrophila (Gould, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Spencer Gulf, Peron Peninsula, and the southwest coast of Western Australia
Orange-bellied parrot	N. chrysogaster (Latham, 1790)	CR^IUCN	Melaleuca, Tasmania and they spend winter in the southern coast of Victoria
Turquoise parrot	N. pulchella (Shaw, 1792)	LC^IUCN
Scarlet-chested parrot	N. splendida (Gould, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Large patches in the southern half of Australia

Genus **Neopsephotus** Mathews 1912 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Bourke's parrot	N. bourkii (Gould, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Western and South Australia, and central Australia

Genus **Pezoporus** Illiger 1811 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Night parrot	P. occidentalis (Gould, 1861)	eCR^IUCN	Known locations since 1950
Ground parrot	P. wallicus (Kerr, 1792)	LC^IUCN	in orange

Subfamily Psittacellinae

Genus **Psittacella (tiger parrots)** Schlegel 1871 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Madarasz's tiger parrot	P. madaraszi Meyer, 1886	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands
Modest tiger parrot	P. modesta Schlegel, 1871	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands
Painted tiger parrot	P. picta Rothschild, 1896	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands on the Papua New Guinea side
Brehm's tiger parrot	P. brehmii Schlegel, 1871	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Subfamily Loriinae

Tribe Loriini
Selby, 1836

Genus **Chalcopsitta** Bonaparte 1850 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Black lory	C. atra (Scopoli, 1786)	LC^IUCN	West Papua
Brown lory	C. duivenbodei Dubois, 1884	LC^IUCN	Northern New Guinea
Yellow-streaked lory	C. scintillata (Temminck, 1835)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea, south of the New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Eos** Wagler 1832 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Black-winged lory	E. cyanogenia Bonaparte, 1850	gVU^IUCN	Schouten Islands
Violet-necked lory	E. squamata (Boddaert, 1783)	LC^IUCN	North Maluku
Blue-streaked lory	E. reticulata (Müller, 1841)	iNT^IUCN	Banda Sea islands
Red-and-blue lory	E. histrio (Müller, 1776)	eEN^IUCN	Talaud Islands
Red lory	E. bornea (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Seram Island, an island of the Maluka archipelago between the Banda and Ceram seas
Blue-eared lory	E. semilarvata Bonaparte, 1850	LC^IUCN	Central Pulua Seram, and island of the Maluka archipelago between the Banda and Ceram seas

Genus **Pseudeos** Peters 1935 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Dusky lory	P. fuscata (Blyth, 1858)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea
Cardinal lory	P. cardinalis^[f] (Gray, 1849)	LC^IUCN	Solomon Islands

Genus **Trichoglossus** Stephens 1826 – ten species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Rainbow lorikeet	T. moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Australian coast, introduced to Perth
Sunset lorikeet	T. forsteni Bonaparte, 1850 i	NT^IUCN	Islands of Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Tanahjampea, and Kalaotoa
Leaf lorikeet	T. weberi (Büttikofer, 1894)	iNT^IUCN	Flores
Marigold lorikeet	T. capistratus (Bechstein, 1811)	LC^IUCN	Timor
Coconut lorikeet	T. haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771)	LC^IUCN	Maluku, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia
Biak lorikeet	T. rosenbergii Schlegel, 1871	gVU^IUCN	Biak, and island of the Schouten Islands
Red-collared lorikeet	T. rubritorquis Vigors and Horsfield, 1827	LC^IUCN	Northern Australia, excluding Cape York Peninsula
Olive-headed lorikeet	T. euteles (Temminck, 1835)	LC^IUCN	East Nusa Tenggara and Timor
Pohnpei lorikeet	T. rubiginosus (Bonaparte, 1850)	iNT^IUCN	Pohnpei, and island of Micronesia
Scaly-breasted lorikeet	T. chlorolepidotus (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN	Eastern Australia

Genus **Saudareos** Joseph et al., 2020 – 5 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Yellow-cheeked lorikeet	S. meyeri (Walden, 1871)	LC^IUCN	Sulawesi
Mindanao lorikeet	S. johnstoniae (Hartert, 1903)	iNT^IUCN	Mindanao, the second largest island of the Philippines
Sula lorikeet	S. flavoviridis Wallace, 1863	iLC^IUCN	Sula Islands
Ornate lorikeet	S. ornatus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Sulawesi and surrounding islands
Iris lorikeet	S. iris (Temminck, 1835)	LC^IUCN	Timor

Genus **Psitteuteles** Bonaparte 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Varied lorikeet	P. versicolor (Lear, 1831)	LC^IUCN	Northern Australia

Genus **Glossoptilus** Rothschild and Hartert, 1896 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Goldie's lorikeet	G. goldiei (Sharpe, 1882)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Lorius** Vigors 1825 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Chattering lory	L. garrulus (Linnaeus, 1758)	gVU^IUCN	North Maluku
Purple-naped lory	L. domicella (Linnaeus, 1758)	eEN^IUCN	Seram, Ambon, and possibly Haruku and Saparua of South Maluku
Black-capped lory	L. lory (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea, excluding the New Guinea Highlands
Purple-bellied lory	L. hypoinochrous Gray, 1859	LC^IUCN	New Britain, New Ireland, and the eastern coastline of the Papuan Peninsula
White-naped lory	L. albidinucha (Rothschild and Hartert, 1924)	iNT^IUCN	New Ireland
Yellow-bibbed lory	L. chlorocercus Gould, 1856	LC^IUCN	Southern Solomon Islands

Genus **Vini** Lesson, 1833 – 11 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Blue-crowned lorikeet	V. australis (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Various islands east of Fiji, including Samoa, and formerly Tonga and Wallis and Futuna
Kuhl's lorikeet	V. kuhlii (Vigors, 1824)	eEN^IUCN	Washington Island, Fanning Island, and Christmas Island of Kiribati, and Rimatara of French Polynesia
Stephen's lorikeet	V. stepheni (North, 1908)	gVU^IUCN	Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Islands (UK)
Blue lorikeet	V. peruviana (Müller, 1776)	gVU^IUCN	Eastern French Polynesia, and formerly central French Polynesia
Ultramarine lorikeet	V. ultramarina (Kuhl, 1820)	eEN^IUCN	Marquesas Islands
Collared lory	V. solitaria (Suckow, 1800)	LC^IUCN	Fiji
Meek's lorikeet	V. meeki (Rothschild and Hartert, 1901)	iLC^IUCN	Bougainville Island and six islands of the Solomon Islands
Red-chinned lorikeet	V. rubrigularis (Sclater, 1881)	LC^IUCN	New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover Island, and Karkar Island
New Caledonian lorikeet	V. diadema (Verreaux and des Murs, 1860)	CR^IUCN	Last official sighting in 1913 in New Caledonia
Red-throated lorikeet	V. amabilis (Ramsay, 1875)	CR^IUCN	Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Taveuni and Ovalau (islands of Fiji)
Palm lorikeet	V. palmarum (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	Santa Cruz and Vanuatu

Genus **Parvipsitta** Mathews, 1916 – two species^[g]
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Purple-crowned lorikeet	P. porphyrocephala^[h] (Dietrichsen, 1837)	LC^IUCN
Little lorikeet	P. pusilla^[i] (Shaw, 1790)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Glossopsitta** Bonaparte, 1854 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Musk lorikeet	G. concinna (Shaw, 1791)	LC^IUCN	Southeast Australia and Tasmania

Genus **Charminetta** Iredale, 1956 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Pygmy lorikeet	C. wilhelminae (Meyer, 1874)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Hypocharmosyna** Salvadori, 1891 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Red-fronted lorikeet	H. rubronotata	LC^IUCN	Northern New Guinea and West Papua
Red-flanked lorikeet	H. placentis (Temminck, 1835)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea (excluding the New Guinea Highlands), North Maluku, Maluku, New Britain, New Ireland, and Bougainville Island

Genus **Charmosynopsis** Salvadori, 1877 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Blue-fronted lorikeet	C. toxopei (Siebers, 1930)	CR^IUCN	Buru of Maluku
Fairy lorikeet	C. pulchella (Gray, 1859)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands, West Papua, and Papuan Peninsula

Genus **Synorhacma** Joseph et al., 2020 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Striated lorikeet	S. multistriata (Rothschild, 1911)	iLC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Charmosynoides** Joseph et al., 2020 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Duchess lorikeet	C. margarethae (Tristram, 1879)	iLC^IUCN	Bougainville Island and six islands of the Solomon Islands

Genus **Charmosyna** Wagler, 1832 – 3 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Josephine's lorikeet	C. josefinae (Finsch, 1873)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands
West Papuan lorikeet	C. papou (Scopoli, 1786)	LC^IUCN	West Papua
Stella's lorikeet	C. stellae Meyer, 1886	LC^IUCN	West Papua

Genus **Oreopsittacus** Salvadori, 1877 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Plum-faced lorikeet	O. arfaki (Meyer, 1874)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Neopsittacus** Salvadori, 1875 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Yellow-billed lorikeet	N. musschenbroekii (Schlegel, 1871)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands
Orange-billed lorikeet	N. pullicauda Hartert, 1896	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Tribe Melopsittacini

Genus **Melopsittacus** Gould, 1840 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Budgerigar	M. undulatus (Shaw, 1805)	LC^IUCN

Tribe Cyclopsittini (fig parrots)

Genus **Cyclopsitta** Reichenbach, 1850 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Blue-fronted fig parrot	C. gulielmitertii (Schlegel, 1866)	LC^IUCN	Salawati and the Bird's Head Peninsula in New Guinea	Female left, male right
Black-fronted fig parrot	C. nigrifrons Reichenow, 1891	LC	northern New Guinea
Dusky-cheeked fig parrot	C. melanogenia (Rosenberg, HKB, 1866)	LC	southern New Guinea and Aru Island
Double-eyed fig parrot	C. diophthalma (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1841)	LC^IUCN	Aru Islands, Waigeo, New Guinea, and the eastern coast of Cape York Peninsula

Genus **Psittaculirostris** G. R. Gray and J. E. Gray, 1859 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Large fig parrot	P. desmarestii (Desmarest, 1826)	LC^IUCN	West Papua
Edwards's fig parrot	P. edwardsii (Oustalet, 1885)	LC^IUCN	Northern coast of Papua New Guinea
Salvadori's fig parrot	P. salvadorii (Oustalet, 1880)	LC^IUCN	Northern coast of Papua Province

Subfamily Agapornithinae

Genus **Agapornis (lovebirds)** Selby, 1836 – nine species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Rosy-faced lovebird	A. roseicollis (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN
Yellow-collared lovebird	A. personatus	LC^IUCN
Fischer's lovebird	A. fischeri Reichenow, 1887	iNT^IUCN
Lilian's lovebird	A. lilianae Shelley, 1894	iNT^IUCN
Black-cheeked lovebird	A. nigrigenis Sclater, 1906	gVU^IUCN
Grey-headed lovebird	A. canus (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN	Coast of Madagascar and formerly Comoros	Female left, male right
Black-winged lovebird	A. taranta (Smith-Stanley, 1814)	LC^IUCN	Ethiopia and central Eritrea
Red-headed lovebird	A. pullarius (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Sub-Saharan Africa north of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and around the Gulf of Guinea
Black-collared lovebird	A. swindernianus (Kuhl, 1820)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Loriculus (hanging parrots)** Blyth, 1849 – 15 species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Moluccan hanging parrot	L. amabilis Wallace, 1862	LC^IUCN	North Maluku
Orange-fronted hanging parrot	L. aurantiifrons Schlegel, 1871	LC^IUCN	New Guinea, excluding the New Guinea Highlands
Sri Lanka hanging parrot	L. beryllinus (Pennant, 1781)	LC^IUCN	Southern Sri Lanka
Sangihe hanging parrot	L. catamene Schlegel, 1871	iNT^IUCN	Sangihe Islands
Pygmy hanging parrot	L. exilis Schlegel, 1866	iNT^IUCN	Sulawesi
Wallace's hanging parrot	L. flosculus Wallace, 1864	eEN^IUCN	Flores
Blue-crowned hanging parrot	L. galgulus (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Sumatra, Borneo and the Malay Peninsula	Female left, male right
Sula hanging parrot	L. sclateri Wallace, 1863	LC^IUCN	Taliabu, Peleng, and smaller, nearby islands
Great hanging parrot	L. stigmatus (Müller, 1843)	LC^IUCN	Sulawesi
Bismarck hanging parrot	L. tener Sclater, 1877	iNT^IUCN	New Britain, New Ireland, and New Hanover
Philippine hanging parrot	L. philippensis (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	The Philippines
Black-billed hanging parrot	L. bonapartei Souancé, 1856		Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines
Camiguin hanging parrot	L. camiguinensis Tello, Degner, Bates & Willard, 2006		Camiguin of the Philippines
Yellow-throated hanging parrot	L. pusillus Gray, 1859	iNT^IUCN	Java and Bali
Vernal hanging parrot	L. vernalis (Sparrman, 1787)	LC^IUCN	Indochina (excluding the Malay Peninsula), and the Eastern and Western Ghats

Genus **Bolbopsittacus** Salvadori 1891 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Guaiabero	B. lunulatus (Scopoli, 1786)	LC^IUCN	Philippines, excluding the central islands

Subfamily Psittaculinae

Tribe Polytelini

Genus **Alisterus (king parrots)** Mathews, 1911 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Moluccan king parrot	A. amboinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	West Papua, Maluku, North Maluku, Buru Island, and the Banggai Islands
Australian king parrot	A. scapularis (Lichtenstein, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Eastern coast of Australia
Papuan king parrot	A. chloropterus (Ramsay, 1879)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea, excluding West Papua and the New Guinea Highlands

Genus **Aprosmictus** Gould, 1842 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Jonquil parrot	A. jonquillaceus (Vieillot, 1818)	iNT^IUCN	Timor
Red-winged parrot	A. erythropterus (Gmelin, 1788)	LC^IUCN

Genus **Polytelis** Wagler, 1832 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Superb parrot	P. swainsonii (Desmarest, 1826)	LC^IUCN	Central New South Wales
Regent parrot	P. anthopeplus (Lear, 1831)	LC^IUCN	Southwest Western Australia and southwest New South Wales and northwest Victoria
Princess parrot	P. alexandrae Gould, 1863	iNT^IUCN	Central Australia

Tribe Psittaculini

Genus **Prioniturus (racket-tails)** Wagler, 1842 – nine species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Montane racket-tail	P. montanus Ogilvie-Grant, 1895	iNT^IUCN	Luzon
Mindanao racket-tail	P. waterstradti Rothschild, 1904	iNT^IUCN	Mindanao, an island of the Philippines
Blue-headed racket-tail	P. platenae Blasius, 1888	gVU^IUCN	Palawan, an island chain of the Philippines
Green racket-tail	P. luconensis Steere, 1890	eEN^IUCN	Luzon and Marinduque
Blue-crowned racket-tail	P. discurus (Vieillot, 1822)	LC^IUCN	Central and southern Philippines
Mindoro racket-tail	P. mindorensis Steere, 1890	gVU^IUCN	Mindoro, an island of the Philippines
Blue-winged racket-tail	P. verticalis Sharpe, 1893	CR^IUCN	Sulu Archipelago
Yellow-breasted racket-tail	P. flavicans Cassin, 1853	iNT^IUCN	Northern Sulawesi
Golden-mantled racket-tail	P. platurus (Vieillot, 1818)	LC^IUCN	Sulawesi and the Sula Islands
Buru racket-tail	P. mada Hartert, 1900	LC^IUCN

Genus **Eclectus** Wagler, 1832 – five species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Moluccan eclectus	E. roratus (Müller, 1776)	LC^IUCN	Maluku, North Maluku
Sumba eclectus	E. cornelia Bonaparte, 1850	EN	Sumba
Tanimbar eclectus	E. riedeli AB Meyer, 1882	VU	Tanimbar Islands
Papuan eclectus	E. polychloros (Scopoli, 1786)	LC	from Kai Islands and western islands of the West Papua province in the west, across the island of New Guinea to the Trobriands, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, and Louisiade Archipelago
Oceanic eclectus	†E. infectus Steadman, 2006	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Tonga and possibly Malakula until the late 1700s

Genus **Geoffroyus** Bonaparte, 1850 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Red-cheeked parrot	G. geoffroyi (Bechstein, 1811)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea (excluding the New Guinea Highlands), Maluku, North Maluku, Buru Island, Aru Islands, Timor, and the Lesser Sunda Islands
Blue-collared parrot	G. simplex (Meyer, 1874)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands and West Papua
Song parrot	G. heteroclitus (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1841)	LC^IUCN	New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, and the Solomon Islands
Rennell parrot	G. hyacinthinus (Mayr, 1931)	LC^IUCN	Rennell Island, an island of the Solomon Islands

Genus **Tanygnathus** Wagler, 1832 – four species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Great-billed parrot	T. megalorynchos (Boddaert, 1783)	LC^IUCN	North Maluku, Maluku, Buru Island, Tanimbar Islands, East Nusa Tenggara, and Sumba
Blue-naped parrot	T. lucionensis (Linnaeus, 1766)	iNT^IUCN	The Philippines
Blue-backed parrot	T. sumatranus (Raffles, 1822)	LC^IUCN	The Philippines, Sulawesi, and Taliabu
Black-lored parrot	T. gramineus (Gmelin, 1788)	gVU^IUCN	Buru Island

Genus **Psittinus** Blyth, 1842 – two species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Blue-rumped parrot	P. cyanurus (Forster, 1795)	iNT^IUCN	Borneo, Sumatra, the Mentawai Islands, Bangka Island, Riau Archipelago, the Lingga Islands, and the Malay Peninsula
Simeulue parrot	P. abbotti Richmond, 1902	iNT^IUCN	Simeulue and the Siumat Islands

Genus **Psittacula** Cuvier, 1800 – fifteen species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Newton's parakeet	†P. exsul (Newton, 1872)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Rodrigues, an island of Mauritius until 1875
Echo parakeet	P. eques (Boddaert, 1783)	EN^IUCN	Southwest corner of Mauritius and formerly Réunion
Rose-ringed parakeet	P. krameri (Scopoli, 1769)	LC^IUCN
Alexandrine parakeet	P. eupatria (Linnaeus, 1766)	iNT^IUCN	Eastern India, Western Ghats, the Himalayas, Indochina, and introduced to Bahrain and southwest Iran
Seychelles parakeet	†P. wardi (Newton, 1867)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Mahé, Praslin, and Silhouette Island until 1883
Plum-headed parakeet	P. cyanocephala (Linnaeus, 1766)	LC^IUCN	India, Sri Lanka, and the Himalayas
Blossom-headed parakeet	P. roseata Biswas, 1951	iNT^IUCN	Indochina (excluding Malaysia) and the eastern Himalayas
Slaty-headed parakeet	P. himalayana (Lesson, 1831)	LC^IUCN	the Himalayas
Grey-headed parakeet	P. finschii (Hume, 1874)	iNT^IUCN	Indochina, excluding Thailand and Malaysia
Blue-winged parakeet	P. columboides (Vigors, 1830)	LC^IUCN	Western Ghats	Female left, male right
Layard's parakeet	P. calthrapae (Blyth, 1849)	LC^IUCN	Southern Sri Lanka
Lord Derby's parakeet	P. derbiana (Fraser, 1852)	iNT^IUCN	Southern China near the China/India and China/Myanmar border
Red-breasted parakeet	P. alexandri (Linnaeus, 1758)	iNT^IUCN	Indochina (excluding central Thailand) and the Himalayas
Nicobar parakeet	P. caniceps (Blyth, 1846)	iNT^IUCN	Nicobar Islands which is northwest of Sumatra
Long-tailed parakeet	P. longicauda (Boddaert, 1783)	iNT^IUCN	Sumatra, coasts of Borneo, tip of the Malay Peninsula
Mascarene grey parakeet	†P. bensoni^[j] (Holyoak, 1973)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Mauritius until 1764

Genus †*Lophopsittacus* Cuvier, 1800 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Broad-billed parrot	†L. mauritianus (Owen, 1866)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Mauritius until 1693

Genus †*Necropsittacus* Milne-Edwards, 1874 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Rodrigues parrot	†N. rodricanus (Milne-Edwards, 1867)	aEX^IUCN	Formerly Rodrigues, an island of Mauritius, until 1761

Tribe Micropsittini

Genus **Micropsitta (pygmy parrots)** Lesson, 1831 – six species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Buff-faced pygmy parrot	M. pusio (Sclater, 1866)	LC^IUCN	Northern coast of New Guinea, coast of the Papuan Peninsula, and the southern islands of the Bismarck Archipelago
Yellow-capped pygmy parrot	M. keiensis (Salvadori, 1876)	LC^IUCN	Southern New Guinea, the Aru Islands, coast of West Papua, and the Raja Ampat Islands
Geelvink pygmy parrot	M. geelvinkiana (Schlegel, 1871)	iNT^IUCN	Biak-Supiori and Numfor (islands of the Baik Island)
Meek's pygmy parrot	M. meeki Rothschild and Hartert, 1914	LC^IUCN	Admiralty Islands and the St Matthias Islands
Finsch's pygmy parrot	M. finschii (Ramsay, 1881)	LC^IUCN
Red-breasted pygmy parrot	M. bruijnii (Salvadori, 1875)	LC^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands, New Britain, New Ireland, Bougainville Island, Kolombangara Island, Guadalcanal, West Papua, and Maruku

Family Psittrichasiidae

Subfamily Coracopsinae

Genus **Coracopsis (vasa parrots)** Wagler, 1832 – three species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range
Greater vasa parrot	C. vasa (Shaw, 1812)	LC^IUCN	The coasts of Madagascar and Comoros (excluding Mayotte)
Lesser vasa parrot	C. nigra (Linnaeus, 1758)	LC^IUCN	Madagascar
Seychelles black parrot	C. barklyi Newton, 1867	gVU^IUCN	Praslin and possibly Curieuse Island

Subfamily Psittrichasinae

Genus **Psittrichas** Lesson, 1831 – one species
Common name	Scientific name	IUCN Red List Status	Range	Picture
Pesquet's parrot	P. fulgidus (Lesson, 1830)	gVU^IUCN	New Guinea Highlands

Notes

^ Officially Psittacara holochlorus brevipes, a subspecies of green parakeet, by the IUCN
^ Officially Psittacara chloropterus maugei, a subspecies of Hispaniolan parakeet, by the IUCN
^ Officially Psittacara holochlorus strenuus, a subspecies of green parakeet, by the IUCN
^ The species authority is Johann Baptist von Spix, 1824, by the IOC, however the IUCN considers it to be Władysław Taczanowski, 1883
^ Officially listed as Northiella haematogaster narethae, a subspecies of eastern bluebonnet, by the IUCN
^ Officially Chalcopsitta cardinalis by the IUCN
^ Synonymous with Glossopsitta according to the IUCN
^ Officially Glossopsitta porphyrocephala by the IUCN
^ Officially Glossopsitta pusilla by the IUCN
^ This parrot is considered a member of the genus Psittacula by the IOC since 2007,^[31] but as a member of the genus Lophopsittacus by the IUCN.^[32]

References

^ "Psittacine". American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company. 2000. Archived from the original on 27 August 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
^ "Psittacine". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Joseph, L.; Toon, A.; Schirtzinger, E. E.; Wright, T. F.; Schodde, R. (2012). "A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3205 (3205): 26–40. Bibcode:2012Zoot.32055.1.2J. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-11. Retrieved 2016-08-13.
^ Forshaw, J. M.; Cooper, W. T. (1981). Parrots of the World (2nd ed.). London, England: David & Charles, Newton Abbot. ISBN 978-0-7153-7698-0.
^ Cooke, F.; Bruce, J. (2004). The Encyclopedia of Animals: a complete visual guide (1st ed.). Berkeley, California: University of California Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-520-24406-1.
^ Heatley, J. J.; Cornejo, J. (2015). "Psittaciformes". In Miller, R. E.; Fowler, M. E. (eds.). Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. Vol. 8. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders. p. 172. ISBN 978-1-4557-7397-8.
^ Burtt, E. H.; Schroeder, M. R.; Smith, L. A.; Sroka, J. E.; McGraw, K. J. (2010). "Colourful parrot feathers resist bacterial degradation". Biology Letters. 7 (2): 214–216. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0716. PMC 3061162. PMID 20926430.
^ Forshaw, J. M.; Cooper, W. T. (1978) [1973]. Parrots of the World (2nd ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Landsdowne Editions. ISBN 978-0-7018-0690-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Wright, T. F.; Schirtzinger, E. E.; Matsumoto, T.; Eberhard, J. R.; Graves, G. R.; Sanchez, J. J.; Capelli, S.; Muller, H.; Scharpegge, J.; Chambers, G. K.; Fleischer, R. C. (2008). "A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny of the Parrots (Psittaciformes): Support for a Gondwanan Origin during the Cretaceous". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 25 (10): 2141–2156. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn160. PMC 2727385. PMID 18653733.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d de Kloet, R. S.; de Kloet, S. R. (2005). "The evolution of the spindlin gene in birds: Sequence analysis of an intron of the spindlin W and Z gene reveals four major divisions of the Psittaciformes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 36 (3): 706–721. Bibcode:2005MolPE..36..706D. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.013. PMID 16099384.
^ ^a ^b ^c Tokita, M.; Kiyoshi, T.; Armstrong, K. N. (2007). "Evolution of craniofacial novelty in parrots through developmental modularity and heterochrony". Evolution and Development. 9 (6): 590–601. Bibcode:2007EvDev...9..590T. doi:10.1111/j.1525-142X.2007.00199.x. PMID 17976055. S2CID 46659963.
^ Brock, M. K.; White, B. N. (1992). "Application of DNA fingerprinting to the recovery program of the endangered Puerto Rican parrot" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 89 (23): 11121–11125. Bibcode:1992PNAS...8911121B. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11121. PMC 50501. PMID 1454788.
^ Sibley, C. G.; Ahlquist, J. E. (1991). Phylogeny and Classification of Birds. Yale University Press.
^ Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Canberra, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.
^ Livezey, B. C.; Zusi, R. L. (2007). "Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy: II. – Analysis and discussion". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 149 (1): 1–94. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00293.x. PMC 2517308. PMID 18784798.
^ "Parrots, cockatoos – IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2025-12-21.
^ ^a ^b AviList Core Team (2025). "AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025". doi:10.2173/avilist.v2025. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
^ Homberger, D. G. (2006). "Classification and the status of wild populations of parrots". In Luescher AU (ed.). Manual of parrot behavior. Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 3–11. ISBN 978-0-8138-2749-0.
^ ^a ^b White, N. E.; Phillips, M. J.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Alfaro-Núñez, A.; Willerslev, E.; Mawson, P. R.; Spencer, P. B. S.; Bunce, M. (2011). "The evolutionary history of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 59 (3): 615–622. Bibcode:2011MolPE..59..615W. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.011. PMID 21419232.
^ Astuti, D. (2004). A phylogeny of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes) inferred from DNA sequences of the seventh intron of nuclear β-fibrinogen gene (PDF) (Thesis). Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan. pp. 1–3.
^ Adams, M.; Baverstock, P. R.; Saunders, D.A.; Schodde, R.; Smith, G. T. (1984). "Biochemical systematics of the Australian cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuinae)". Australian Journal of Zoology. 32 (3): 363–377. doi:10.1071/ZO9840363.
^ "Introduction". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
^ Schweizer, M.; Seehausen, O.; Hertwig, S. T. (2011). "Macroevolutionary patterns in the diversification of parrots: effects of climate change, geological events and key innovations". Journal of Biogeography. 38 (11): 2176–2194. Bibcode:2011JBiog..38.2176S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02555.x. S2CID 85625053.
^ Schweizer, M.; Seehausen, O.; Güntert, M.; Hertwig, S. T. (2009). "The evolutionary diversification of parrots supports a taxon pulse model with multiple trans-oceanic dispersal events and local radiations". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 54 (3): 984–994. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.021. PMID 19699808. S2CID 1831016.
^ Joseph, L.; Toon, A.; Schirtzinger, E. E.; Wright, T. F. (2011). "Molecular systematics of two enigmatic genera Psittacella and Pezoporus illuminate the ecological radiation of Australo-Papuan parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 59 (3): 675–684. Bibcode:2011MolPE..59..675J. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.017. PMID 21453777.
^ "Platycercus/Barnardius – Rosellas". Avian Web. 2006. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
^ Forshaw, Joseph M. (2006). Parrots of the World; an Identification Guide. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09251-5.
^ Lendon, A. H. (1973). Australian Parrots in Field and Aviary (2nd ed.). Sydney, Australia: Angus and Robertson. ISBN 978-0-207-12424-2.
^ Falla, R. A.; Sibson, R. B.; Turbot, E. G. (1966). A Field guide to the birds of New Zealand. London, England: Houghton Mifflin and Company. ISBN 978-0-00-212022-7.
^ BirdLife International. "Northern Rosella Platycercus venustus". IUCN Redlist for Birds. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D. (2016). "Parrots and cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. 6.4. International Ornithological Congress. doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.6.4. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
^ International, B. (2016). "Lophopsittacus bensoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T22728844A94998578. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728844A94998578.en.

External links

eBird – Enter the name of a parrot species to find detailed information about their current range as well as sightings across the world
IOC World Bird List – A comprehensive list of parrots with up-to-date information on taxonomy, including synonyms and authority
Integrated Taxonomic Information System – A list providing taxonomic information on all subordinate taxa of Psittaciformes, including subspecies

[26] Officially Psittacara holochlorus brevipes, a subspecies of green parakeet, by the IUCN

[27] Officially Psittacara chloropterus maugei, a subspecies of Hispaniolan parakeet, by the IUCN

[28] Officially Psittacara holochlorus strenuus, a subspecies of green parakeet, by the IUCN

[29] The species authority is Johann Baptist von Spix, 1824, by the IOC, however the IUCN considers it to be Władysław Taczanowski, 1883

[35] Officially listed as Northiella haematogaster narethae, a subspecies of eastern bluebonnet, by the IUCN

[36] Officially Chalcopsitta cardinalis by the IUCN

[37] Synonymous with Glossopsitta according to the IUCN

[38] Officially Glossopsitta porphyrocephala by the IUCN

[39] Officially Glossopsitta pusilla by the IUCN

[42] This parrot is considered a member of the genus Psittacula by the IOC since 2007,^[31] but as a member of the genus Lophopsittacus by the IUCN.^[32]

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[Christidis-14] Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Canberra, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.

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[avilist-17] AviList Core Team (2025). "AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025". doi:10.2173/avilist.v2025. Retrieved 21 December 2025.

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[bensoni-41] International, B. (2016). "Lophopsittacus bensoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T22728844A94998578. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728844A94998578.en.

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