List of mountain ranges in Kyrgyzstan

Mountain ranges occupy the greater part of the territory of Kyrgyzstan (60–65%). In several parts of the country, major nodal mountain uplifts occur, including Khan Tengri and Jengish Chokusu, the Ak-Shyyrak, Chilik–Kemin, Talas–Chatkal, Machin, and other massifs. These nodal uplifts, as well as the watershed sections of most mountain ranges, are covered by extensive glaciation. Overall, most ranges in the Tien-Shan are uneven in shape, with one side differing from the other, and this imbalance can vary even within the same mountain range.

Based on their orientation and mutual arrangement, the mountain ranges and mountains of Kyrgyzstan are grouped into six orographic regions: Central Tien-Shan, Northern Tien-Shan, Inner Tien-Shan, Western Tien-Shan, and Southern Tien-Shan. In addition, the Pamir–Alay orographic region, which belongs to the Pamir mountain system, is represented within Kyrgyzstan by the northern slope of the Trans-Alay (Chon-Alay) Range and the Alay Depression.

A list of mountain ranges in Kyrgyzstan includes 158 mountain ranges in Central Tien-Shan (16), Northern Tien-Shan (19), Inner Tien-Shan (48), Western Tien-Shan (30), South Tien-Shan (41), and Pamir-Alay (4).[1]

Mountain Ranges of Central Tien-Shan

The Central Tien-Shan is characterized by the highest elevations, extensive glaciation covering about 40% of its total area, and the dominance of nival–glacial geomorphic processes. The mountain ranges are closely spaced and dissected by narrow valleys. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Adyr-Ter 4550 34 8
Ak-Shyrak Massif 5125 60 28
At-Jayloo 4477 36 9
Ashuu-Ter 32 15
Boz-Kyr 38 7
Kayingdy 5784 78 14
Kakshaal Too 7439 Jengish Chokusu 582 54
Kan Too 6995 Khan Tengri 38 9
Keykap 5100 18 7
Keolyu 5281 Sovietskaya Konstitutsiya Peak 52 21
May-Bash 5361 22 16
Meridianalyi Druzhba Peak 22(in Kyrgyzstan) 40
Sary Jazz 5816 Semenov Peak 93 (in Kyrgyzstan) 16
Terekti 4930 48 11
Engilchek Too 5722 Shokal'skiy Peak 60 12
Eshekart 4384 50 12

Mountain Ranges of Northern Tien-Shan

The Northern Tien-Shan forms a series of mountain ranges that curve gently toward the south. These ranges are strongly shaped by erosion, with many ancient, once-flat surfaces now exposed again. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Arpa-Tektir 25 9
Trans-Ili Alatau 4973 Talgar Peak 120(in Kyrgyzstan) 30
Kalba-Too 4146 Atchypas Peak 25 14
Karagatty Semenov Peak 93 (in Kyrgyzstan) 16
Kara Jylga 28 7
Kastek Range 2782 32 (in Kyrgyzstan) 10
Kemin Range 3884 36 10
Kyrgyz Ala-Too 4895 Semenova Tian-Shanski Peak 454 40
Koshoy Too 3921 36 8
Kuru Ayryk 26 9
Kyzyl Ompol 3183 20 13
Kylak Bulak 32 7
Kyumyushtak 36 18
Kyungey Ala-Too 4770 Chok-Tal Peak 285 32
Oktorkoy 3125 Cholok Peak 30 7
Ortok Too 2501 Shumkar Peak 35 8
Sary Jon 3230 30 9
Talas Ala-Too Range 4482 Manas Peak 260 40
Echkili Too 2160 42 9

Mountain Ranges of Inner Tien-Shan

The mountain ranges of the Inner Tien-Shan, branching off from the Central Tien-Shan as distinct spurs, gradually diverge, widening westward and gently curving southward. This area contains the most widespread remnants of ancient denudation surfaces. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Ak Shyyrak Range 4037 40 10
Alamyshyk Too 3399 20 5
At-Bashy Range 4786 140 30
Acha Tash Range 3975 36 13
Baybiche Too 4337 140 13
Baydulu Range 4146 Onarcha Peak 46 11
Bauk Range 3388 28 8
Boor Albas Range 3980 Itelgi Uya 20 10
Borkoldoy Too 5170 Jagalmay 90 34
Jaman-Too 4737 70 16
Jer Range 4844 104 17
Jetim-Bel Range 4627 Seok 102 12
Jetim Range 4896 120 24
Jumgal Too 4281 Kara Moynok 54 15
Itelgi Uya Range 3812 20 6
Kabak Too 4144 Kashkasuu 40 16
Kapka Tash Range 4146 40 10
Karagatty 3805 24 7
Kara Jorgo Range 3933 66 12
Kara Kaman Range 4343 56 14
Karakoo Junay Range 10 7
Kara Kyr Range 4100 22 4
Kara Kyungey Range 3800 22 7
Kara Moynok Range 4281 Kara Moynok 64 16
Kara Too 4066 26 6
Karacha Too 20 5
Kekkirim Too 4351 Baidamtal 60 38
Kek Kyya Range 4960 20 14
Kerpe Too 4552 36 18
Kyzart Too 4400 30 16
Moldo Too 4185 110 26
Naryn Too 4499 120 18
Nura Range 4460 45 24
Oy Kayyng Range 4273 36 20
Sandyk Range 3947 50 12
Sary Kamysh Range 4042 39 17
Songköl Too 3990 82 9
Suusamyr Too 4048 126 31
Taktalyk Range 3908 54 6
Tastar Ata Range 3847 24 4
Tegerek Range 3000 20 5
Teskey Ala-Too 5216 Boris Yeltsin Peak 354 40
Torugart Range 5108 64 20
Ukek Range 4356 30 20
Ulan Range 4542 56 7
Uch Emchek Peak 54 18
Chaar Tash Range 20 6
Chakyr Korum Range 4558 30 8

Mountain Ranges of Western Tien-Shan

Unlike most other mountain regions, which mainly run east–west, the mountain ranges of the Western Tien-Shan extend in northwest and northeast directions. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Alash Too 3574 20 8
At Oynok Range 3896 70 16
Babash Ata Range 4427 Babash Ata 54 8
Bozbu Too 2875 30 14
Jalgyz Kyr Range 20 5
Donguz-Too (range) 2354 28 6
Isfan Jayloo Range 3701 34 6
Kadoo Range 20 6
Kara Kyr Range 4634 Kashka Suu 36 12
Kardy Too 4129 31 7
Kachura Range 4497 34 10
Kenkol Range 26 5
Kek Suu Range 3828 Chatyr Debe 60 15
Kochkor Dobo Range 2534 21 6
Kulun Range 30 10
Kuramy Range 3769 30 25
Kuturgan Range 24 5
Pskem Range 4395 120 20
Sary Jon Range 24 5
Seruyun Dobo Range 2469 30 12
Suuk Range 2991 22 6
Ters Range 3890 30 16
Toguz Bulak Range 20 7
Uzgen Range 4381 56 26
Uzun Akmat Range 4165 40 14
Fergana Range 4893 206 62
Chaar Tash Range 3143 20 7
Chandalash Range 4114 72 10
Chatkal Range 4503 165 30
Chong Boor Too 3907 42 10

Mountain Ranges of South Tien-Shan

The Southern Tien Shan, like the Northern Tien Shan, is made up of mountain ranges that have been strongly shaped by erosion, with remnants of ancient flattened land surfaces preserved on ridges and between valleys. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Adygine Too 3852 30 6
Akademik Adyshev Range 4745 Akademik Adyshev Peak 110 50
Ak-Tash Range, Alay 4249 20 1
Ak-Tash Range, Turkestan 20 9
Ak-Ter Range 4501 50 11
Akun-Too 3870 21 5
Ak-Changyl Range 4044 32 10
Alaykuu Range 100 15
Alay Range 5539 Peak Tandykul 350 20
Almaly Range 1935 20 6
Bali-Synyk Range 1571 26 11
Gauzan Range 3273 24 6
Daud Range 21 6
Joo-Jatty Range 4048 20 9
Kara-Bel Range 5621 Skalistyi Peak 20 9
Katyrang-Too 3375 44 8
Kek-Bel Range 22 5
Kek-Bulak Range 4039 22 7
Kekche-Too 21 6
Keldyuk-Too 5016 31 7
Kichik Alay Range 4933 26 10
Kek Tumshuk Range 5459 78 20
Kollektorskiy Range 5259 55 15
Kum-Bel Range 4000 21 8
Kuruk-Say Range 5147 31 5
Kyrk-Karakchy Range 2272 22 5
Ming-Teke Range 4432 28 8
Olokon-Too 4629 34 10
Sary-Tash Range 20 8
Taldyk Range 26 7
Tekelik Range 5127 Aydarbek Peak 27 12
Tekesekirdi-Bel Range 2913 20 6
Terek-Too Ytyk Peak 60 3
Teskey Range 27 9
Tokhtabuz Range 2650 28 5
Turkestan Range 5509 Pik Piramidalny 300 30
Tuyuk-Suu Range 4549 32 16
Uluu-Too 1635 30 9
Uu-Saz Range 2614 26 10
Chakan-Tash Range 4323 21 8
Chil-Ustun Range 1459 20 5
Yaruntus Range 3670 23 7

Pamir-Alay

The Alay region is markedly uplifted. Lenin Peak in the Trans-Alay (Chon-Alay) Range reaches an elevation of 7,134 m above sea level. This powerful uplift occurred over a relatively short geological period compared with other regions. As a result, the structure of the range includes not only Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks, but also Cenozoic deposits. The range is dissected by numerous trough (glacial) valleys and is covered by extensive glaciers and snowfields. [1]

Range Maximum height, m Highest peak Length of range, km Maximum width of range, km
Achyk Tash Range 5920 21 6
Trans-Alay Range 7134 Lenin Peak 250 40
Kek Tumshuk Range 5459 Ledyanoy Mys Peak 26 10
Putoo Range 4139 22 5

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Атлас Кыргызской Республики [Atlas of Kyrgyz Republic] (in Russian). Bishkek: Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz SSR. 1987. p. 156.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.