List of education ministers of Spain

Main article: Ministry of Education (Spain)

This is a list of the Spanish ministers of education since the early nineteenth century, when the government department was established. Throughout history, this position has also had jurisdiction over culture, historical heritage, science and sports. Before 1900, it was the Ministry of Development the department responsible for education affairs.

Name Term Duration Party Government Ref.
Antonio García Alix
(1852–1911) 		18 April 1900 6 March 1901 322 days Conservative Francisco Silvela
Alfonso XIII

(1886–1931) 		[1]
Marcelo Azcárraga
The Count of Romanones
(1863–1950) 		6 March 1901 6 December 1902 1 year, 275 days Liberal Práxedes Mateo Sagasta [2]
Manuel Allendesalazar
(1856–1923) 		6 December 1902 20 July 1903 226 days Conservative Francisco Silvela [3]
The Count of Bugallal[a]
(1861–1932) 		20 July 1903 5 December 1903 138 days Conservative The Marquess of Pozo Rubio [4]
Lorenzo Domínguez Pascual[b]
(1863–1926) 		5 December 1903 16 December 1904 1 year, 11 days Conservative Antonio Maura [5]
Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel
(1864–1938) 		16 December 1904 8 April 1905 113 days Conservative Marcelo Azcárraga [6]
The Marquess of Pozo Rubio
Carlos María Cortezo y Prieto de Orche
(1850–1933) 		8 April 1905 23 June 1905 76 days Conservative [7]
Andrés Mellado y Fernández
(1846–1913) 		23 June 1905 31 October 1905 130 days Liberal Eugenio Montero Ríos [8]
The Count of Albox
(1842–1931) 		31 October 1905 1 December 1905 31 days Liberal [9]
Vicente Santamaría de Paredes
(1853–1924) 		1 December 1905 10 June 1906 191 days Liberal Segismundo Moret [10]
Alejandro San Martín y Satrústegui
(1847–1908) 		10 June 1906 6 July 1906 26 days Liberal [11]
The Count of Gimeno
(1852–1936) 		6 July 1906 30 November 1906 147 days Liberal José López Domínguez [12]
Pedro Rodríguez de la Borbolla
(1855–1922) 		30 November 1906 4 December 1906 4 days Liberal Segismundo Moret [13]
The Count of Gimeno
(1852–1936) 		4 December 1906 25 January 1907 52 days Liberal The Marquess of Vega de Armijo [14]
Faustino Rodríguez-San Pedro[c]
(1833–1925) 		25 January 1907 21 October 1909 2 years, 269 days Conservative Antonio Maura [15]
Antonio Barroso y Castillo
(1854–1916) 		21 October 1909 9 February 1910 111 days Liberal Segismundo Moret [16]
The Count of Romanones
(1863–1950) 		9 February 1910 9 June 1910 120 days Liberal José Canalejas y Méndez [17]
Julio Burell[d]
(1859–1919) 		9 June 1910 2 January 1911 207 days Liberal [18]
Amós Salvador Rodrigáñez
(1845–1922) 		2 January 1911 3 April 1911 91 days Liberal [19]
The Count of Gimeno
(1852–1936) 		3 April 1911 12 March 1912 344 days Liberal [20]
Santiago Alba y Bonifaz
(1872–1949) 		12 March 1912 31 December 1912 294 days Liberal [21]
The Marquess of Alhucemas[e]
The Count of Romanones
The Count of López Muñoz
(1850–1929) 		31 December 1912 13 June 1913 164 days Liberal [22]
Joaquín Ruiz Jiménez
(1854–1934) 		13 June 1913 27 October 1913 136 days Liberal [23]
Francisco Bergamín y García
(1855–1937) 		27 October 1913 11 December 1914 1 year, 45 days Conservative Eduardo Dato [24]
The Count of Bugallal
(1861–1932)
acting minister 		11 December 1914 4 January 1915 24 days Conservative [25]
The Count of Esteban Collantes[f]
(1847–1937) 		4 January 1915 25 October 1915 294 days Conservative [26]
Rafael Andrade Navarrete
(1856–1928) 		25 October 1915 9 December 1915 45 days Conservative [27]
Julio Burell[g]
(1859–1919) 		9 December 1915 19 April 1917 1 year, 131 days Liberal The Count of Romanones [28]
José Francos Rodríguez
(1862–1931) 		19 April 1917 11 June 1917 53 days Liberal The Marquess of Alhucemas [29]
Rafael Andrade Navarrete
(1856–1928) 		11 June 1917 3 November 1917 145 days Conservative Eduardo Dato [30]
Felipe Rodés Baldrich[h]
(1878–1957) 		3 November 1917 2 March 1918 119 days Liberal The Marquess of Alhucemas [31]
Luis Silvela Casado
(1865–1928) 		2 March 1918 22 March 1918 20 days Liberal [32]
Santiago Alba y Bonifaz
(1872–1949) 		22 March 1918 10 October 1918 202 days Liberal Antonio Maura [33]
The Count of Romanones
(1863–1950) 		10 October 1918 9 November 1918 30 days Liberal [34]
Julio Burell
(1859–1919) 		9 November 1918 5 December 1918 26 days Liberal The Marquess of Alhucemas [35]
Joaquín Salvatella
(1881–1932) 		5 December 1918 15 April 1919 131 days Liberal The Count of Romanones [36]
César Silió
(1865–1944) 		15 April 1919 20 July 1919 96 days Conservative Antonio Maura [37]
José del Prado Palacio[i]
(1865–1926) 		20 July 1919 12 December 1919 145 days Conservative Joaquín Sánchez de Toca [38]
Natalio Rivas Santiago
(1865–1958) 		12 December 1919 5 May 1920 145 days Conservative Manuel Allendesalazar [39]
Luis Espada Guntín[j]
(1858–1937) 		5 May 1920 1 September 1920 119 days Conservative Eduardo Dato [40]
The Marquess of Portago
(1865–1921) 		1 September 1920 29 December 1920 119 days Conservative [41]
Tomás Montejo y Rica
(1856–1933) 		29 December 1920 13 March 1921 74 days Conservative [42]
The Count of Bugallal[k] [43]
Francisco Aparicio y Ruiz[l]
(1852–1932) 		13 March 1921 14 August 1921 154 days Conservative Manuel Allendesalazar [44]
César Silió
(1865–1944) 		14 August 1921 1 April 1922 230 days Conservative Antonio Maura [45]
José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez
Tomás Montejo y Rica[m]
(1856–1933) 		1 April 1922 4 December 1922 247 days Conservative [46]
Isidoro de la Cierva y Peñafiel
(1870–1939) 		4 December 1922 7 December 1922 3 days Conservative [47]
Joaquín Salvatella
(1881–1932) 		7 December 1922 15 September 1923 282 days Liberal The Marquess of Alhucemas [48]
Alfonso Pérez Nieva[n]
(1859–1931)
acting minister 		17 September 1923 21 December 1923 95 days Independent The Marquess of Estella [49]
Javier García de Leániz[n][o]
(1862–1938) 		22 September 1923 3 December 1925 2 years, 72 days Conservative [50]
Eduardo Callejo de la Cuesta[p]
(1875–1950) 		3 December 1925 30 January 1930 4 years, 58 days Patriotic Union [51]
The Duke of Alba
(1878–1953) 		30 January 1930 22 February 1930 23 days Independent The Count of Xauen [52]
Elías Tormo
(1869–1957) 		24 February 1930 18 February 1931 85 days Conservative [53]
José Gascón y Marín
(1875–1962) 		19 February 1931 14 April 1931 54 days Independent Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas [54]
Marcelino Domingo
(1884–1939) 		15 April 1931 16 December 1931 245 days Radical Socialist Republican Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
Niceto Alcalá-Zamora

(1931–1936) 		[55]
Manuel Azaña
Fernando de los Ríos
(1879–1949) 		16 December 1931 12 June 1933 1 year, 178 days Socialist [56]
Francisco Barnés Salinas
(1877–1947) 		12 June 1933 12 September 1933 92 days Radical Socialist Republican [57]
Domingo Barnés Salinas
(1879–1940) 		12 September 1933 16 December 1933 95 days Radical Socialist Republican Alejandro Lerroux [58]
Diego Martínez Barrio
José Pareja Yévenes
(1888–1951) 		16 December 1933 3 March 1934 77 days Radical Republican Alejandro Lerroux [59]
Salvador de Madariaga[q]
(1883–1962) 		3 March 1934 28 April 1934 56 days Independent [60]
Filiberto Villalobos[r]
(1879–1955) 		28 April 1934 29 December 1934 245 days Liberal Democrat Ricardo Samper [61]
Joaquín Dualde Gómez
(1875–1963) 		29 December 1934 3 April 1935 95 days Liberal Democrat Alejandro Lerroux [62]
Ramón Prieto Bances
(1889–1972) 		3 April 1935 6 May 1935 33 days Independent [63]
Joaquín Dualde Gómez
(1875–1963) 		6 May 1935 25 September 1935 142 days Liberal Democrat [64]
Juan José Rocha García
(1877–1938) 		25 September 1935 29 October 1935 34 days Radical Republican Joaquín Chapaprieta [65]
Luis Bardají López
(1880–1942) 		29 October 1935 14 December 1935 46 days Radical Republican [66]
Manuel Becerra Fernández
(1867–1940) 		14 December 1935 30 December 1935 16 days Radical Republican Manuel Portela Valladares [67]
Filiberto Villalobos
(1879–1955) 		30 December 1935 19 February 1936 51 days Independent [68]
Marcelino Domingo
(1884–1939) 		19 February 1936 13 May 1936 84 days Republican Left Manuel Azaña [69]
Augusto Barcia Trelles[s]
Manuel Azaña

(1936–1939)
Francisco Barnés Salinas
(1877–1947) 		13 May 1936 19 July 1936 67 days Republican Left Santiago Casares Quiroga [70]
Marcelino Domingo
(1884–1939) 		19 July 1936 19 July 1936 0 days Republican Left Diego Martínez Barrio [71]
Start of the Spanish Civil War
Republican side [72]
Francisco Barnés Salinas
(1877–1947) 		19 July 1936 4 September 1936 47 days Republican Left José Giral
Jesús Hernández Tomás
(1907–1971) 		4 September 1936 5 April 1938 1 year, 213 days Communist Francisco Largo Caballero [73]
Juan Negrín [74]
Segundo Blanco
(1899–1957) 		5 April 1938 5 March 1939 334 days Independent
(CNT) 		[75]
José del Río Rodríguez
(?–1988) 		5 March 1939 31 March 1939 26 days Republican Union National Defence Council
José Miaja

(1939) 		[76]
Rebel side
José María Pemán[t]
(1897–1981) 		4 October 1936 31 January 1938 1 year, 119 days Independent Junta Técnica del Estado
Francisco Franco

(1939–1975) 		[77]
Pedro Sainz Rodríguez
(1897–1986) 		31 January 1938 1 April 1939 1 year, 60 days National Movement Franco I [78]
End of the Spanish Civil War
Pedro Sainz Rodríguez
(1897–1986) 		1 April 1939 27 April 1939 26 days National Movement Franco I
The Count of Rodezno
(1882–1952)
acting minister 		28 April 1939 9 August 1939 103 days Independent [79]
José Ibáñez Martín
(1896–1969) 		9 August 1939 19 July 1951 11 years, 344 days National Movement Franco II [80]
Franco III
Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez Cortés
(1913–2009) 		19 July 1951 15 February 1956 4 years, 211 days National Movement Franco IV [81]
Jesús Rubio García-Mina
(1908–1976) 		15 February 1956 10 July 1962 6 years, 145 days National Movement [82]
Franco V
Manuel Lora-Tamayo
(1904–2002) 		10 July 1962 16 April 1968 5 years, 281 days National Movement Franco VI [83]
Franco VII
José Luis Villar Palasí
(1922–2012) 		16 April 1968 11 June 1973 5 years, 56 days National Movement [84]
Franco VIII
Julio Rodríguez Martínez
(1928–1979) 		11 June 1973 3 January 1974 206 days National Movement Luis Carrero Blanco [85]
The Duke of Fernández-Miranda
(acting)
The Marquess of Arias Navarro
Cruz Martínez Esteruelas
(1932–2000) 		3 January 1974 11 December 1975 1 year, 342 days National Movement [86]

Juan Carlos I

(1975–2014)
Carlos Robles Piquer
(1925–2018) 		11 December 1975 7 July 1976 209 days National Movement [87]
The Marquess of Ibias
(1927–2018) 		7 July 1976 4 July 1977 362 days Independent The Duke of Suárez [88]
The Baron of Carondelet
(1913–2003) 		4 July 1977 5 April 1979 1 year, 275 days Centrist [89]
José Manuel Otero
(1940–) 		5 April 1979 8 September 1980 1 year, 156 days Centrist [90]
Juan Antonio Ortega y Díaz-Ambrona
(1939–) 		8 September 1980 1 December 1981 1 year, 84 days Centrist [91]
The Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo
Federico Mayor Zaragoza
(1934–2024) 		1 December 1981 2 December 1982 1 year, 1 day Centrist [92]
José María Maravall
(1942–) 		2 December 1982 11 July 1988 5 years, 222 days Socialist Felipe González [93]
Javier Solana
(1942–) 		11 July 1988 23 June 1992 3 years, 348 days Socialist [94]
Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba
(1951–2019) 		23 June 1992 13 July 1993 1 year, 20 days Socialist [95]
Gustavo Suárez Pertierra
(1949–) 		13 July 1993 2 July 1995 1 year, 354 days Socialist [96]
Jerónimo Saavedra
(1936–2023) 		2 July 1995 5 May 1996 308 days Socialist [97]
The Countess of Bornos
(1952–) 		5 May 1996 18 January 1999 2 years, 258 days Popular José María Aznar [98]
Mariano Rajoy
(1955–) 		18 January 1999 28 April 2000 1 year, 101 days Popular [99]
Pilar del Castillo
(1952–) 		28 April 2000 18 April 2004 3 years, 356 days Popular [100]
María Jesús San Segundo
(1958–2010) 		18 April 2004 11 April 2006 1 year, 358 days Socialist José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero [101]
Mercedes Cabrera
(1951–) 		11 April 2006 8 April 2009 2 years, 362 days Socialist [102]
Ángel Gabilondo
(1949–) 		8 April 2009 22 December 2011 2 years, 258 days Independent [103]
José Ignacio Wert
(1950–) 		22 December 2011 26 June 2015 3 years, 186 days Independent Mariano Rajoy [104]

Felipe VI


(2014-present)

The Baron of Claret
(1956–) 		26 June 2015 7 June 2018 2 years, 346 days Popular [105]
Isabel Celaá
(1949–) 		7 June 2018 12 July 2021 3 years, 35 days Socialist Pedro Sánchez [106]
Pilar Alegría
(1977–) 		12 July 2021 22 December 2025 4 years, 163 days Socialist [107]
Milagros Tolón
(1968–) 		22 December 2025 Incumbent 92 days Socialist [108]

Notes

  1. ^ Guillermo Rancés y Esteban, Marquess of Casa Laiglesia, was acting minister from September 29 to October 7, 1903.
  2. ^ Guillermo Rancés y Esteban, Marquess of Casa Laiglesia, was acting minister from May 7 to May 16, 1904.
  3. ^ During his absences, César Silió y Cortes, Under-Secretary, served as acting minister from September 9 to September 22, 1907, from September 10 to October 4, 1908 and from September 9 to September 27, 1909.
  4. ^ Acting ministers during absences: Cristino Martos y Llovell (22 August 1910–29 August 1910) and Eugenio Montero Villegas (19 August 1910–26 September 1910).
  5. ^ He acted as acting prime minister after the assassination of José Canalejas on 12 November 1912
  6. ^ Jorge Silvela y Loring, Under-Secretary, was acting minister from August 16 to October 7, 1915.
  7. ^ Natalio Rivas Santiago, Under-Secretary, served as acting minister from December 17 to December 21, 1915.
  8. ^ José Martínez Ruiz, Under-Secretary, was acting minister from February 15 to February 20, 1918.
  9. ^ Eloy Bullón Fernández, Under-Secretary, was acting minister from August 21 to September 2, 1919.
  10. ^ Joaquín Caro y Arroyo, Count of Peña Ramiro, served as acting minister from August 7 to August 30, 1920.
  11. ^ He acted acting prime minister after the assassination of Eduardo Dato from March 8 to March 13, 1921
  12. ^ Juan José Romero Martínez was acting minister from June 24 to June 30, 1921.
  13. ^ Carlos Castel y González de Amezúa, Under-Secretary, was acting minister from August 26 to September 18, 1922.
  14. ^ a b Under-Secretary of Public Instruction and Fine Arts in charge of the ministerial department.
  15. ^ During his absences: Luis Cubillo y Muro (9 October 1924 – 28 October 1924) and Alfonso Pérez Nieva (5 Agusut 1925 – 24 Agusut 1925).
  16. ^ Miguel Allué Salvador served as acting minister twice: from January 5 to January 10, 1930 and from January 14 to January 17, 1930.
  17. ^ Alejandro Lerroux, Prime Minister, served as acting minister from March 5 to March 8, 1934.
  18. ^ José María Cid Ruiz-Zorrilla, Minister of Communications, served as acting minister from August 7 to August 15, 1934.
  19. ^ Acting prime minister from 10 to 13 May 1936
  20. ^ Serving under the title of "President of the Culture and Education Commission".

References

  1. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (19 April 1900). "Royal decrees of April 1900 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 318. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  2. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (7 March 1901). "Royal decrees of March 1901 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 986. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  3. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (10 December 1902). "Royal decrees of December 1902 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 886. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  4. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (21 July 1903). "Royal decrees of July 1903 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 1582. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  5. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (13 May 1874). "Royal decrees of December 1903 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 896. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  6. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (17 December 1904). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 924. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  7. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (9 April 1905). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Carlos María Cortezo Prieto as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 113. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  8. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (24 June 1905). "Royal decrees of June 1905 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). pp. 1209–1210. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  9. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (1 November 1905). "Royal decrees of October 1905 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). pp. 385–386. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  10. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (3 December 1905). "Royal decrees of December 1905 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). pp. 773–774. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  11. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (11 June 1906). "Royal decrees of June 1906 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 993. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  12. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (7 July 1906). "Royal decrees accepting Cabinet resignations and appointing new ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). pp. 93–94. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  13. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (1 December 1906). "Royal decrees of November 1906 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 840. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  14. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (5 December 1906). "Royal decrees of December 1906 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 884. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  15. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (26 January 1907). "Royal decrees of January 1907 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 306. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  16. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (22 October 1909). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Antonio Barroso y Castillo, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 154. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  17. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (10 February 1910). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Álvaro Figueroa y Torres, Count of Romanones, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 314. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  18. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (10 June 1910). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Julio Burrell y Cuéllar as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 530. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  19. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (3 January 1911). "Royal decrees of January 1911 appointing government ministers" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 47. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  20. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (4 April 1911). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Amalio Gimeno y Cabañas, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 21. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  21. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (13 March 1912). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Santiago Alba Bonifaz, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 726. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  22. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (1 January 1913). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Antonio López Muñoz, Vice President of the Senate, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 7. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  23. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (15 June 1913). "Royal decree (rectified) appointing Mr. Joaquín Ruiz Jiménez, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 773. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  24. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (28 October 1913). "Royal decree appointing Mr. José Sánchez Guerra, Member of Parliament, as Minister of the Governance" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 305. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  25. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (12 December 1914). "Royal decree ordering that Mr. Gabino Bugallal y Araujo, Count of Bugallal, Minister of Finance, shall be temporarily in charge of the Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 717. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  26. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (5 January 1915). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Saturnino Esteban Miguel Collantes, Count of Esteban Collantes, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 35. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  27. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (26 October 1915). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Rafael Andrade y Navarrete, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). pp. 191–192. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  28. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (10 December 1915). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Julio Burell y Cuéllar, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 643. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  29. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (20 April 1917). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Jose Francos Rodríguez, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 187. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  30. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (12 June 1917). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Rafael Andrade y Navarrete, Member of Parliament, as Minister of the Governance" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 675. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  31. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (4 November 1917). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Felipe Rodés Baldrich, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 280. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  32. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (3 March 1918). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Luis Silvela y Casado, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 642. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  33. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (23 March 1918). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Santiago Alba y Bonifaz, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 839. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  34. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (11 October 1918). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Álvaro Figueroa y Terrer, Count of Romanones, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 106. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  35. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (10 November 1918). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Julio Burell y Cuéllar, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 573. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  36. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (6 December 1918). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Joaquín Salvatella y Gisbert, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 890. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  37. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (16 April 1919). "Royal decree appointing Mr. César Silió y Cortés, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 202. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  38. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (21 July 1919). "Royal decree appointing Mr. José del Prado Palacio, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 271. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  39. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (13 December 1919). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Natalio Rivas Santiago, Member of Parliament, as inister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 1195. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  40. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (6 May 1920). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Luis Espada y Guntín, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 492. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  41. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (2 September 1920). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Vicente Cabeza de Vaca y Fernández de Córdoba, Marquess of Portago, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 864. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  42. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (30 December 1920). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Tomás Montejo y Rica, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of the Governance" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 1264. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  43. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (6 May 1920). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Francisco Bergamín y García, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 492. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  44. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (14 March 1921). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Francisco Aparicio y Ruiz, Member of Parliament, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 871. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  45. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (15 August 1921). "Royal decree appointing Mr. César Silió y Cortés, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 727. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  46. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (2 April 1922). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Tomás Montejo y Rica, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 11. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
  47. ^ Office of the Prime Minister (5 December 1922). "Royal decree appointing Mr. Isidoro de la Cierva y Peñafiel, Senator of the Realm, as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish). p. 970. Retrieved 1 March 2026.
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