List of Graphis (lichen) species

This is a list of species in the genus Graphis, a lichen-forming fungal genus in the family Graphidaceae.[1][2] Species of Graphis are crustose lichens that form thin, often pale grey or greenish patches on bark (and less often rock), with elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies that trace dark, sometimes branching lines across the surface—an appearance that inspired the common name "script lichens".[2][3] Graphis is widespread but especially diverse in tropical and subtropical regions, and it was established in 1763 by the French naturalist Michel Adanson.[1]

As of February 2026, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 300 species of Graphis.[4] This article compiles those currently accepted species names; because the genus is actively revised, it is a snapshot that changes as names are synonymized, reinstated, or transferred between genera.[3][5] Studies using molecular phylogenetics have shown that the traditional, broader use of Graphis grouped together more than one evolutionary lineage, leading to extensive reclassification within Graphidaceae.[6][7] One major outcome has been the reinstatement of Allographa for a separate script lichen lineage (formalised in 2018), and other former Graphis species have also been reassigned to genera such as Carbacanthographis and Diorygma.[8][9][10] Species totals therefore vary with the source consulted—for example, a global key published in 2009 accepted 330 species of Graphis and listed a further 205 names as synonyms—so any list reflects both the taxonomic scope and the date of the underlying classification.[3]

A

  • Graphis abapha Nyl. (1889)[11]
  • Graphis acervulans Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis alba J.C.Dantas, Lücking & M.Cáceres (2017)[13]
  • Graphis albidofarinacea Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis albidula Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis albinula Müll.Arg. (1880)[15]
  • Graphis albissima Müll.Arg. (1895)[16]
  • Graphis albocarpa J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)[10]
  • Graphis albocolpata M.Nakan. & H.Harada (1999)[17]
  • Graphis alboglaucescens Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis albothallina R.Adhikari & Nayaka (2025)[19] – India
  • Graphis allugallenensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lücking (2012)[20]
  • Graphis alpestris (Zahlbr.) Staiger (2002)[21]
  • Graphis amaliana Amórtegui, B.Moncada & Lücking (2019)[22]
  • Graphis analoga Nyl. (1859)[23]
  • Graphis andamanica Swarnal. (2017)[24]
  • Graphis anfractuosa (Eschw.) Eschw. (1833)[25]
  • Graphis anguilliformis Taylor (1847)[26]
  • Graphis annulata Kremp. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis aperiens Müll.Arg. (1891)[28]
  • Graphis aperta Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis apertella A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis aphaneomicrospora (Makhija & Adaw.) J.Kalb & Kalb (2017)[30]
  • Graphis aphanes Mont. & Bosch (1856)[31]
  • Graphis apoda (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis appendiculata Common & Lücking (2011)[32]
  • Graphis arbusculiformis (Vain.) Lücking (2012)[33]
  • Graphis archeri Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2009)[34]
  • Graphis arecae Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis argentea Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis assimilis Nyl. (1868)[37]
  • Graphis astraea Tuck. (1858)
  • Graphis aterrima Müll.Arg. (1894)
  • Graphis atroflava Fée (1825)
  • Graphis atrorubens Tuck. (1933)
  • Graphis atrosanguinea Zenker (1829)[38]
  • Graphis aurantiaca Zenker (1829)[38]
  • Graphis australosiamensis Sutjar. & Kalb (2014)[39]
  • Graphis awaensis Vain. (1921)[40]
  • Graphis awasthii Kr.P.Singh & Swarnal. (2008)[41]

B

  • Graphis bakeri Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis balaghatensis (Adaw. & Makhija) J.Kalb & Kalb (2017)[30]
  • Graphis balansana Müll.Arg. (1888)[42]
  • Graphis batanensis Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis beaumontii Tuck. (1888)[43]
  • Graphis bernadetiae van den Boom & Sipman (2014)[44]
  • Graphis bicolor Fée (1825)
  • Graphis bicrenatula Redinger (1935)[45]
  • Graphis bipartita (Müll.Arg.) Lücking (2008)[1]
  • Graphis bogoriensis Zahlbr. (1904)[46]
  • Graphis boliviana Kukwa & Flakus (2013)[47]
  • Graphis borealis (A.W.Archer) A.W.Archer (2005)[48]
  • Graphis botryosa Tuck. (1888)[43]
  • Graphis bougainvilleae Zahlbr. (1913)[49]
  • Graphis brachycarpa Müll.Arg. (1882)[50]
  • Graphis brahmanensis Aptroot (2009)[3]
  • Graphis breussii G.Neuwirth & Lücking (2009)[51]
  • Graphis brevicarpa M.Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2002)[52]
  • Graphis brittoniae Seavey & J.Seavey (2011)[53]
  • Graphis bulacana Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis bungartzii A.B.Peña, Lücking, Herrera-Camp. & R.Miranda (2014)[54]

C

  • Graphis caelata Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis caesiella Vain. (1890)[55]
  • Graphis caesiocarpa Redinger (1935)[45]
  • Graphis caesioglauca Redinger (1935)[45]
  • Graphis cambodiensis M.Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2010)[56]
  • Graphis capillacea Stirt. (1879)[57]
  • Graphis caribica Lücking (2011)[58]
  • Graphis carmenelisana B.Moncada, Motta & Lücking (2019)[22]
  • Graphis castanopsidis Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis catherinae A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis celtidis Müll.Arg. (1895)[60]
  • Graphis centrifuga Räsänen (1949)[61]
  • Graphis cervina Müll.Arg. (1892)[62]
  • Graphis cervinonigra Zahlbr. (1933)[63]
  • Graphis chlorocarpella Nyl. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis chlorotica A.Massal. ex Kremp. (1871)[64]
  • Graphis chondroplaca (Redinger) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis chromothecia R.C.Harris (1990)[65]
  • Graphis chungii Zahlbr. (1930)
  • Graphis cinnamomea Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis cincta (Pers.) Aptroot (2009)[66]
  • Graphis circumradians Nyl. (1868)[37]
  • Graphis clavata Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis coarctata Stirt. (1879)[57]
  • Graphis coenensis A.W.Archer (2007)[67]
  • Graphis colliculoides Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis collinsiae Lücking & Lumbsch (2010)[68]
  • Graphis compressa Eschw. (1833)
  • Graphis compulsa Kremp. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis conferta Zenker (1827)[38]
  • Graphis confinis C.Knight & Mitt. (1860)[69]
  • Graphis connectens Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis consociata (Makhija & Dube) Lücking & Kalb (2018)[8]
  • Graphis conturbata Kremp. (1876)[70]
  • Graphis cooperta Zenker (1827)[38]
  • Graphis coriacea Vain. (1915)[71]
  • Graphis corrugata Wallr. (1831)
  • Graphis crassilabra Müll.Arg. (1882)[72]
  • Graphis crebra Vain. (1899)[73]
  • Graphis cremicolor (H.Magn.) Lücking & A.W.Archer (2009)[3]
  • Graphis crocea (Makhija & Adaw.) Lücking & Kalb (2018)[8]
  • Graphis crystallifera (Redinger) Staiger (2002)[21]
  • Graphis cupei Vain. ex Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis curvula Ehrh. (1827)
  • Graphis cycadicola A.W.Archer & Elix (2007)[74]

D

  • Graphis darjeelingensis (Dharne & Roych.) Kr.P.Singh & Swarnal. (2008)[41]
  • Graphis decussata Kremp. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis deformis Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis deightonii C.W.Dodge (1953)[75]
  • Graphis delicatula Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis dendrogramma Nyl. (1877)[76]
  • Graphis dendroidea Leight. (1866)[77]
  • Graphis denudans Vain. (1926)[78]
  • Graphis descissa Müll.Arg. (1895)[16]
  • Graphis desquamescens (Fée) Zahlbr. (1909)
  • Graphis detrita Zenker (1828)[38]
  • Graphis devestiens Nyl. (1891)[79]
  • Graphis diaphoroides Müll.Arg. (1886)[80]
  • Graphis dicarpoides M.Nakan. & H.Harada (1999)[17]
  • Graphis dichotoma (Müll.Arg.) Lücking (2008)[1]
  • Graphis discarpa A.W.Archer (2004)[81]
  • Graphis dispersa Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis distans Fée (1825)
  • Graphis distincta Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis dracaenae Vain. (1901)[82]
  • Graphis dupaxana Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis duplicata Ach. (1814)[83]
  • Graphis duplicatoinspersa Lücking (2008)[1]

E

  • Graphis eburnea Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis eimeoensis A.W.Archer & Elix (2007)[84]
  • Graphis elegans (Borrer ex Sm.) Ach. (1814)[83]
  • Graphis elegantula Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis elevata Seavey & J.Seavey (2011)[53]
  • Graphis elongatoradians Fink ex V.Wirth & Hale (1978)
  • Graphis emersa Müll.Arg. (1893)[85]
  • Graphis emersella J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)[10]
  • Graphis endophaea Zahlbr. (1932)[86]
  • Graphis endoxantha Nyl. (1861)
  • Graphis enteroleuca (Ach.) Stirt. (1877)[3]
  • Graphis epimelaena Müll.Arg. (1893)
  • Graphis epiphloea Zahlbr. (1933)[63]
  • Graphis erythraea Kremp. (1914)
  • Graphis erythrocardia Müll.Arg. (1894)[87]
  • Graphis eugeniae Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis evirescens (Redinger) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis exalbata Nyl. (1889)[11]

F

  • Graphis fasciata (Eschw.) Lücking, M.Cáceres & Aptroot (2024)[88]
  • Graphis ferruginea Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis ferrugineodisca Seavey & J.Seavey (2017)[89]
  • Graphis ficicola Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis filiformis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis fissurata M.Nakan. & H.Harada (1999)[17]
  • Graphis fissurinoides van den Boom & Sipman (2013)[90]
  • Graphis flabellans Zahlbr. (1933)[63]
  • Graphis flavicans Müll.Arg. (1895)[91]
  • Graphis flavopalmicola Y.Joshi, Lücking & Hur (2010)[92]
  • Graphis flavovirens Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis flexibilis Kremp. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis flexuosa Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis flindersiae Shirley (1889)
  • Graphis flosculifera Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)[93]
  • Graphis foliicola Vain. (1901)[82]
  • Graphis formosana Zahlbr. (1933)[63]
  • Graphis fulminatrix Zenker (1829)[38]
  • Graphis fumosa Müll.Arg. (1891)
  • Graphis furcata Fée (1825)[94]

G

  • Graphis galactoderma (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis geraensis Redinger (1935)
  • Graphis gibberosa Flot. (1829)
  • Graphis glaucella Müll.Arg. (1887)[95]
  • Graphis glaucescens Fée (1825)
  • Graphis glaucocaesia Müll.Arg. (1888)[42]
  • Graphis glaucocinerea Vain. (1907)[96]
  • Graphis glaucovirens Redinger (1935)
  • Graphis gloriosensis A.W.Archer & Elix (2007)[74]
  • Graphis gomphospora Müll.Arg. (1895)[91]
  • Graphis gonimica Zahlbr. (1932)[86]
  • Graphis gracilenta Fée (1825)
  • Graphis gracilis Nyl. (1858)
  • Graphis graeffeana Kremp. (1874)
  • Graphis grammitica Nyl. (1866)[97]
  • Graphis granulocarpa Redinger (1935)
  • Graphis grossula Müll.Arg. (1886)[80]
  • Graphis guangdongensis Z.F.Jia & J.C.Wei (2009)
  • Graphis guimarana Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis guineensis C.W.Dodge (1953)[75]

H

  • Graphis haemolobata Redinger (1935)[45]
  • Graphis haleana R.C.Harris (1990)[65]
  • Graphis halonata Kalb & Aptroot (2018)[98]
  • Graphis handelii Zahlbr. (1930)[99]
  • Graphis hatschbachii S.C.Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)[100]
  • Graphis heterocarpa Trevis. (1853)
  • Graphis hinnulea Seavey & J.Seavey (2011)[53]
  • Graphis hochreutineri Redinger (1940)
  • Graphis hodgesiana Lendemer (2010)[101]
  • Graphis homographiza Nyl. (1863)[102]
  • Graphis hongkongensis Wei Guo & Hur (2015)[103]
  • Graphis hunana Zahlbr. (1930)[99]
  • Graphis hunanensis (Zahlbr.) M.Nakan. & Kashiw. (2003)[104]
  • Graphis hyalinella Müll.Arg. (1894)
  • Graphis hyphosa Staiger (2002)[21]
  • Graphis hypocrellina Lücking & Chaves (2008)[1]

I

  • Graphis ignea Kremp. (1861)
  • Graphis illota Müll.Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis immersa Fink (1927)
  • Graphis immersella Müll.Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis immersicans A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis implexula Stirt. (1881)
  • Graphis implicata Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis inaequalis Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis inamoena Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Graphis increbrior Vain. (1930)
  • Graphis indica J.Kalb & Kalb (2017)[30]
  • Graphis infida Nyl. (1895)
  • Graphis inopinata S.C.Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)[100]
  • Graphis insculpta Wallr. (1825)
  • Graphis inspersa Redinger (1935)[45]
  • Graphis inspersolongula Aptroot (2009)[3]
  • Graphis inspersonorstictica Aptroot, Lücking & M.Cáceres (2023)
  • Graphis insulana (Müll.Arg.) Lücking & Sipman (2008)
  • Graphis insularis Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis intermediella Stirt. (1879)
  • Graphis interversa Nyl. (1889)[11]
  • Graphis intexta Nyl. (1869)
  • Graphis inustuloides Lücking (2012)
  • Graphis inversa R.C.Harris (1990)[65]
  • Graphis isidiza Adaw. & Makhija (2004)[105]

J

  • Graphis japonica (Müll.Arg.) A.W.Archer & Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis jatrophae Müll.Arg. (1888)[42]
  • Graphis jeanmuelleri Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis jejuensis K.H.Moon, M.Nakan. & Kashiw. (2012)[106]
  • Graphis jinhuana Kalb & Z.F.Jia (2014)[107]

K

  • Graphis kakaduensis A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis karstenii Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Graphis kavintuca Motta, B.Moncada & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis kelungana Zahlbr. (1933)
  • Graphis kermesina Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis khaojoneana J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis khaoyaiensis Poengs. & Lumbsch (2019)[108]
  • Graphis kjellbergii Redinger (1933)
  • Graphis kollaimalaiensis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis koltermaniae Seavey & J.Seavey (2017)
  • Graphis koratensis Pitakpong, Kraichak & Lücking (2015)
  • Graphis koreana S.Joshi & Hur (2013)
  • Graphis kousyuensis (Horik. & M.Nakan.) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis kurokawae M.Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2008)

L

  • Graphis laeviuscula Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis latibasa Zahlbr. (1933)
  • Graphis lecanorina Müll.Arg. (1895)[91]
  • Graphis leioplaca Müll.Arg. (1880)[109]
  • Graphis leptaleocarpa A.W.Archer (2002)[110]
  • Graphis leptocarpa Fée (1825)
  • Graphis leptocarpoides Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis leptoclada Müll.Arg. (1882)[50]
  • Graphis leptotremoides Papong, Lücking & Kraichak (2014)[111]
  • Graphis librata C.Knight (1884)[112]
  • Graphis limae Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis lindsayana Lücking & Diederich (2017)[114]
  • Graphis lineola Ach. (1810)[115]
  • Graphis litoralis Lücking, Sipman & Chaves (2008)[1]
  • Graphis longiramea Müll.Arg. (1892)[116]
  • Graphis lopingensis Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis lucifica R.C.Harris (1990)[65]
  • Graphis lueckingiana S.Joshi, Upreti & Hur (2018)[117]
  • Graphis lueckingii Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2009)[34]
  • Graphis luluensis A.W.Archer (2004)[81]
  • Graphis lurizana Lücking, B.Moncada & Celis (2018)[118]
  • Graphis lussuensis Zahlbr. (1930)[59]

M

  • Graphis macrocarpa G.Mey. (1825)[119]
  • Graphis macularis Spreng. (1827)
  • Graphis maharashtrana Chitale, Makhija & B.O.Sharma (2011)
  • Graphis makhijae R.Adhikari & Nayaka (2025)[19] – India
  • Graphis malacoderma Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis manhaviensis Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis manipurensis Pushpi Singh & Kr.P.Singh (2014)[120]
  • Graphis maomingensis Meng Z.Yang & Lu L.Zhang (2018)[121]
  • Graphis marginifera Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis maritima (A.W.Archer) A.W.Archer (2007)[122]
  • Graphis marusae A.B.Peña & Lücking (2011)
  • Graphis medusula (Pers.) Kremp. (1876)
  • Graphis meghalayensis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis mellis-insulae S.C.Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)[100]
  • Graphis microsperma (Chitale, Makhija & B.O.Sharma) Lücking & Kalb (2018)[8]
  • Graphis mikuraensis Y.Ohmura & M.Nakan. (2016)[123]
  • Graphis mindanaoensis Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis mocimboensis Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis modesta Zahlbr. (1911)[49]
  • Graphis mokanarum Lücking, B.Moncada & M.C.Martínez (2019)
  • Graphis moriensis R.Adhikari & Nayaka (2025)[19] – India
  • Graphis moultonii Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis multibrachiata Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis murali-elegans Sipman (2014)[124]
  • Graphis muscicola (Kalb) Staiger (2002)[21]
  • Graphis myriocarpa Trevis. (1853)
  • Graphis myriocarpiza Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis myriocarpoides Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis myrtacea (Müll.Arg.) Lücking (2008)[1]

N

  • Graphis neeladriensis Mohabe, Bodicherla, Nayaka & A.M.Reddy (2016)
  • Graphis neglecta Erichsen (1930)
  • Graphis negrosina (Vain.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis nematodes Stirt. (1874)
  • Graphis nematodiza Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis neoelongata Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis neoraensis Jagad.Ram & G.P.Sinha (2009)
  • Graphis nerurensis Makhija, A.Dube, Adaw. & Chitale (2006)
  • Graphis nigeriensis C.W.Dodge (1953)[75]
  • Graphis nigririmis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis nigrocarpa Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis nigroglobosa Sipman (2014)
  • Graphis nilgiriensis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis norfolkensis A.W.Archer & Elix (2019)
  • Graphis norsorediata Aptroot (2020)
  • Graphis norstictica A.W.Archer & Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis noumeana Müll.Arg. (1887)
  • Graphis nudanorsticta Z.F.Jia & Q.D.Wang (2018)

O

  • Graphis obtusior Nyl. (1859)
  • Graphis ocellata Zahlbr. (1933)[63]
  • Graphis oligospora Zahlbr. (1930)[99]
  • Graphis omiana J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)[10]
  • Graphis ondensis C.W.Dodge (1953)[75]
  • Graphis overeemii Zahlbr. (1928)[125]
  • Graphis oxyclada Müll.Arg. (1885)[126]

P

  • Graphis pachysporella Müll.Arg. (1893)[127]
  • Graphis pallescens Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis palmensis Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis palmicola Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis palmyrensis Zahlbr. (1916)[128]
  • Graphis pananensis Kalb & Z.F.Jia (2014)[107]
  • Graphis pandanicola M.Nakan. & H.Harada (1999)[17]
  • Graphis panhalensis (Patw. & C.R.Kulk.) Chitale, Makhija & B.O.Sharma (2011)[129]
  • Graphis papillifera Lücking, N.Marín & B.Moncada (2023)[130]
  • Graphis paradisserpens Sipman & Lücking (2008)[1]
  • Graphis paradoxa Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis paradussii Z.F.Jia (2011)
  • Graphis paralleloides M.Cáceres & Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis paranaensis Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2009)[34]
  • Graphis paraschiffneri Lücking & Breuss (2015)
  • Graphis paraserpens Lizano & Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis pedata Fr. (1820)
  • Graphis pernambucoradians M.Cáceres & Lücking (2007)[131]
  • Graphis persicina Meyen & Flot. (1843)[132]
  • Graphis persoonii P.M.Kirk & L.Arcadia (2023)[133]
  • Graphis persulcata Stirt. (1879)[57]
  • Graphis pertricosa (Kremp.) A.W.Archer (2005)[48]
  • Graphis pinicola Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis planetocarpa Leight. (1866)[77]
  • Graphis platycarpella Müll.Arg. (1891)[134]
  • Graphis plumbeidisca M.Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2014)[135]
  • Graphis plumierae Vain. (1915)
  • Graphis polystriatosubmuriformis Aptroot, Lücking & M.Cáceres (2023)[88]
  • Graphis propinqua Müll.Arg. (1882)[72]
  • Graphis prunicola Vain. (1921)[40]
  • Graphis pseudoglyphis Lücking, N.Marín & B.Moncada (2023)[130]
  • Graphis psidii Groenh. (1954)
  • Graphis puiggarii (Müll.Arg.) Lücking (2008)[1]
  • Graphis pulicaris Wallr. (1831)
  • Graphis pustulata Wallr. (1831)[136]
  • Graphis pustulosa M.Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking (2014)[137]

R

  • Graphis radians Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis radiatoflexuosa Zenker (1828)[38]
  • Graphis rajapakshana Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)[93]
  • Graphis ramosa Nyl. (1891)
  • Graphis redingeriana Lücking & Aptroot (2025)[138]
  • Graphis rigidula Müll.Arg. (1891)[134]
  • Graphis rimosothallina Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)[93]
  • Graphis riopiedrensis (Fink) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis robertusii A.B.Peña, Herrera-Camp. & R.Miranda (2015)[139]
  • Graphis rockii Redinger (1934)
  • Graphis rondoniana M.Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking (2014)[137]
  • Graphis rongklaensis Sutjar. (2012)[33]
  • Graphis rosae-emiliae A.B.Peña & Lücking (2014)
  • Graphis rosalbinana B.Moncada, Amórtegui & Lücking (2019)[22]
  • Graphis roseotincta Vain. (1901)
  • Graphis rubricosa Fée (1874)

S

  • Graphis saipanensis M.Nakan. & H.Harada (1999)[17]
  • Graphis salacinilongiramea Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis sandalon Meyen & Flot. (1843)[132]
  • Graphis santanderiana Motta, B.Moncada & Lücking (2019)[22]
  • Graphis sapii Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis saxicola (Müll.Arg.) A.W.Archer (2005)[48]
  • Graphis saxiseda Zahlbr. (1926)
  • Graphis schiffneri Zahlbr. (1928)[125]
  • Graphis schizogramma Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis schizograpta Müll.Arg. (1882)[50]
  • Graphis schroederi Zahlbr. (1921)[140]
  • Graphis schummiana J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)[10]
  • Graphis scripta (L.) Ach. (1809)
  • Graphis seawardii Flakus & Kukwa (2013)[47]
  • Graphis semiaperta Müll.Arg. (1891)[141]
  • Graphis separanda Nyl. (1863)[102]
  • Graphis setschwanensis Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis singaporina Nyl. (1891)
  • Graphis sirohiensis Pushpi Singh & Kr.P.Singh (2014)
  • Graphis sitapurensis Makhija & Adaw. (2005)[36]
  • Graphis slendrae Hale ex Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis solmariana Motta, B.Moncada & Lücking (2019)[22]
  • Graphis sororcula Müll.Arg. (1893)[127]
  • Graphis sphalera Nyl. (1864)
  • Graphis spodoplaca Zahlbr. (1932)[86]
  • Graphis srilankensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lumbsch (2012)[20]
  • Graphis stellata M.Cáceres & Lücking (2007)[131]
  • Graphis stenograpta Müll.Arg. (1880)[109]
  • Graphis stenospora Müll.Arg. (1882)[50]
  • Graphis stenotera Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis stipitata A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis streimannii A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis striata Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis subalbostriata Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis subaltamirensis Passos, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2018)[142]
  • Graphis subangustata Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis subcabbalistica Vain. (1890)
  • Graphis subcontorta (Müll.Arg.) Lücking & Chaves (2008)[1]
  • Graphis subcupei S.C.Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)[100]
  • Graphis subcurva Zenker (1827)[38]
  • Graphis subelegans Nyl. (1891)[143]
  • Graphis subelongata Papong, Lücking & Kraichak (2014)[111]
  • Graphis subfiliformis E.L.Lima & Lücking (2019)[144]
  • Graphis subhiascens (Müll.Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis subinsulana Poengs. & Kalb (2014)[145]
  • Graphis subintegra Redinger (1933)
  • Graphis subintermedians Hale ex Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis subintricans Vain. (1930)
  • Graphis sublitoralis J.Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis submarginata Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis subolivacea Zahlbr. (1926)
  • Graphis subparilis Nyl. (1889)
  • Graphis subpulicaris Zahlbr. (1933)
  • Graphis subregularis A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis subrufula Müll.Arg. (1894)
  • Graphis subserpentina Nyl. (1863)
  • Graphis subtecta (Nyl.) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis subtenella Müll.Arg. (1887)
  • Graphis subtracta Nyl. (1863)
  • Graphis subvittata Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis sulphurella (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)[3]
  • Graphis sundarbanensis Jagad.Ram & G.P.Sinha (2007)
  • Graphis supernata Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis supracola A.W.Archer (2001)[29]
  • Graphis suzanae Koch & S.C.Feuerst. (2016)[146]
  • Graphis syzygii Aptroot (2009)[3]

T

  • Graphis taneina M.Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2011)[147]
  • Graphis tapetica Zahlbr. (1912)[148]
  • Graphis tenella Ach. (1814)[83]
  • Graphis tenellula Vain. (1915)
  • Graphis tenoriensis Chaves & Lücking (2008)[1]
  • Graphis tenuescens Nyl. (1876)[27]
  • Graphis tenuirima (Shirley) A.W.Archer (2005)[48]
  • Graphis tenuis Vain. (1921)[149]
  • Graphis tenuissima Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis tetracarbonisata L.I.Ferraro, Lücking, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2014)[150]
  • Graphis tetralocularis C.Bock & M.Hauck (2005)[151]
  • Graphis theae Zahlbr. (1930)[59]
  • Graphis thoroldii C.W.Dodge (1953)[75]
  • Graphis thunsinhalayensis Weerakoon, Arachchige & Lücking (2019)[93]
  • Graphis timidula Nyl. (1886)[152]
  • Graphis tonglonensis Vain. (1921)[35]
  • Graphis tonkinensis Müll.Arg. (1891)
  • Graphis treubii Zahlbr. (1928)[125]
  • Graphis tricolor Aptroot & S.C.Feuerst. (2020)[153]
  • Graphis triquetra Eschw. (1833)
  • Graphis triseptata van den Boom & Sipman (2018)[154]
  • Graphis triticeella Vain. (1930)[113]
  • Graphis tsunodae Zahlbr. (1916)[155]
  • Graphis tumida Kremp. (1875)[156]
  • Graphis tumidulella Fink (1927)[157]
  • Graphis turgidula Müll.Arg. (1895)[91]

U

  • Graphis umbrina Nyl. (1891)
  • Graphis urandrae Vain. (1921)[35]

V

  • Graphis valparaiensis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)[18]
  • Graphis venosa Eschw. (1824)
  • Graphis venusta Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis vermifera Müll.Arg. (1887)[95]
  • Graphis verrucariiformis Fée (1874)[12]
  • Graphis verrucata Z.F.Jia & Kalb (2014)[107]
  • Graphis verruciformis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)[14]
  • Graphis verrucoserpens Lücking (2019)[93]
  • Graphis vinosa Müll.Arg. (1895)[16]
  • Graphis virens Müll.Arg. (1895)[158]
  • Graphis virescens Müll.Arg. (1880)[109]
  • Graphis viridithallina Aptroot, Lücking & M.Cáceres (2023)[88]
  • Graphis vittata Müll.Arg. (1882)[50]
  • Graphis vulvulescens Fée (1874)[12]

X

  • Graphis xylophaga (R.C.Harris) Lendemer (2008)[1]

Y

  • Graphis yaucoensis Fink (1927)[157]
  • Graphis yunnanensis S.Joshi, Upreti & Hur (2015)[159]

Z

  • Graphis zollingeri Zahlbr. (1928)[125]
  • Graphis zonatula Zahlbr. (1930)[99]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Lücking, R.; Chaves, J.L.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Umaña, L.; Aptroot, A. (2008). "A first assessment of the Ticolichen Biodiversity Inventory in Costa Rica: the genus Graphis, with notes on the genus Hemithecium (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)". Fieldiana Botany. 46 (1): 1–126. doi:10.3158/0015-0746(2008)46[1:AFAOTT]2.0.CO;2.
  2. ^ a b Lücking, Robert (2009). "The taxonomy of the genus Graphis sensu Staiger (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)". The Lichenologist. 41 (4): 319–362. doi:10.1017/S0024282909008524.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Lücking, Robert; Archer, Alan W.; Aptroot, André (2009). "A world-wide key to the genus Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae)". The Lichenologist. 41 (4): 363–452. doi:10.1017/S0024282909008305.
  4. ^ "Graphis Adans., 1763". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  5. ^ Kraichak, E.; Lücking, R.; Aptroot, A.; Beck, A.; Dornes, P.; John, V.; Lendemer, J.C.; Nelsen, M.P.; Neuwirth, G.; Nutakki, A.; Parnmen, S.; Sohrabi, M.; Tønsberg, T.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2015). "Hidden diversity in the morphologically variable script lichen (Graphis scripta) complex (Ascomycota, Ostropales, Graphidaceae)". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 15 (3): 447–458. doi:10.1007/s13127-015-0219-5.
  6. ^ Rivas Plata, E.; Hernández-M., J.E.; Lücking, R.; Staiger, B.; Kalb, K.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2011). "Graphis is two genera: a remarkable case of parallel evolution in lichenized Ascomycota". Taxon. 60 (1): 99–107. doi:10.1002/tax.601009.
  7. ^ Rivas Plata, E.; Parnmen, S.; Staiger, B.; Mangold, A.; Frisch, A.; Weerakoon, G.; Hernández, M.J.E.; Cáceres, M.E.S.; Kalb, K.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Common, R.S.; Nelsen, M.P.; Lücking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2013). "A molecular phylogeny of Graphidaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes, Ostropales) including 428 species". MycoKeys. 6: 55–94. doi:10.3897/mycokeys.6.3482.
  8. ^ a b c d Lücking, R.; Kalb, K. (2018). "Formal instatement of Allographa (Graphidaceae): how to deal with a hyperdiverse genus complex with cryptic differentiation and paucity of molecular data". Herzogia. 31 (1, Teil 2): 535–561 [557]. doi:10.13158/heia.31.1.2018.535.
  9. ^ Tripp, Erin A.; Lendemer, James C.; Harris, Richard C. (2010). "Resolving the genus Graphina Müll. Arg. in North America: new species, new combinations, and treatments for Acanthothecis, Carbacanthographis, and Diorygma". The Lichenologist. 42 (1): 55–71. doi:10.1017/S0024282909990296.
  10. ^ a b c d e Kalb, J.; Lücking, R.; Kalb, K. (2018). "The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand – eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country". Phytotaxa. 377 (1): 1–83. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.377.1.1.
  11. ^ a b c Nylander, W. (1889). Lichenes Insularum Guineensium [Lichens of the Guinean Islands] (in Latin). pp. 1–54 [28, 48–49].
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Fée, A. (1874). "Materiaux pour une flore lichenologique du Bresil, II: Les Graphidées" [Materials for a lichenological flora of Brazil, II: The Graphids]. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France (in French). 21: 21–32.
  13. ^ Dantas, J.O.; Alves, E.S.; Lücking, R.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2017). "Three new species of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) from the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil". Phytotaxa. 331 (2): 289–294 [290]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.13.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Adawadkar, B.; Makhija, U. (2006). "New species and new records of Graphis from India: transseptate species with completely carbonized exciples and norstictic acid". Mycotaxon. 96: 51–60. doi:10.5248/96.51.
  15. ^ Müller, J. (1880). "Lichenologische Beiträge. XI" [Lichenological contributions XI]. Flora (in Latin). 63 (18): 275–290 [283].
  16. ^ a b c Müller, J. (1895). "Sertum Australiense s. species novae Australienses Thelotremearum, Graphidearum et Pyrenocarpearum" [Australian collection: new Australian species of Thelotremes, Graphids and pyrenocarps]. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier (in Latin). 3: 313–327 [318].
  17. ^ a b c d e Nakanishi, M.; Harada, H. (1999). "Five new species of the lichen genus Graphis (Lichenized Ascomycota; Graphidaceae) from the Mariana Islands, Micronesia". Natural History Research. 5 (2): 63–71.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g Adawadkar, B.A.; Makhija, U.V. (2007). "New species and new records of Graphis from India with partially carbonized exciples and transseptate ascopores". Mycotaxon. 99: 303–326 [323]. doi:10.5248/99.303.
  19. ^ a b c Adhikari, R.; Pal, N.; Nayaka, S.; Prakash, P. (2025). "New species and nomenclatural updates in Graphidaceae from Western Himalaya, India". The Bryologist. 128 (3): 551–555. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-128.3.551.
  20. ^ a b Weerakoon, G.; Wijeyaratne, S.C.; Wolseley, P.A.; Rivas Plata, E.; Lücking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2012). "Six new species of Graphidaceae from Sri Lanka". The Bryologist. 115: 74–83. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-115.1.74.
  21. ^ a b c d Staiger, B. (2002). Die Flechtenfamilie Graphidaceae: Studien in Richtung einer natürlichen Gliederung [The lichen family Graphidaceae: studies towards a natural organization]. Bibliotheca Lichenologica (in German). Vol. 85. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer. ISBN 978-3-443-58064-3.
  22. ^ a b c d e Motta, K.; Amortegui, K.; Moncada, B.; Lücking, R. (2019). "New species in the genus Graphis with transversally septate ascospores (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Colombia". Phytotaxa. 401 (4): 257–266. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.401.4.3.
  23. ^ Nylander, W. (1859). "Lichenes in regionibus exoticis quibusdam vigentes exponit synopticis enumerationibus" [Lichens thriving in certain exotic regions presented in synoptic enumerations]. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Botanique. 4 (in Latin). 11: 205–264 [244].
  24. ^ Swarnalatha, G. (2017). "A new species of Graphis (Graphidaceae) from India". Phytotaxa. 313 (1): 144–146. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.313.1.12.
  25. ^ Martius, C.F.P.von (1833). Flora Brasiliensis seu enumeratio plantarum [Brazilian flora or enumeration of plants] (in Latin). Vol. 1. pp. 1–390 [86].
  26. ^ Taylor, T. (1847). "New lichens, principally from the Herbarium of Sir William J. Hooker". London Journal of Botany. 6: 148–197 [152].
  27. ^ a b c d e f Krempelhuber, A. von (1876). "Lichenes Brasiliensis, collecti a D.A. Glaziou in provincia brasiliensi Rio Janeiro (continuatio)" [Brazilian lichens, collected by D.A. Glaziou in the Brazilian province of Rio de Janeiro (continuation)]. Flora (in Latin). 59: 412–416.
  28. ^ Müller, J. (1891). "Lichenologische Beiträge XXXIV" [Lichenological contributions XXXIV]. Flora (in Latin). 74 (1): 107–113 [113].
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h Archer, Alan W. (2001). "New taxa and new reports in the lichen family Graphidiaceae (Ascomycotina) from Australia". Mycotaxon. 80: 367–374. doi:10.5248/80.367.
  30. ^ a b c Kalb, J.; Kalb, K. (2017). "New lichen species from Thailand, new combinations and new additions to the Thai lichen biota". Phytotaxa. 332 (2): 141–156 [146]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.2.
  31. ^ Montagne, J.P.F.C.; Bosch, R.B.van den (1856). Sylloge generum specierumque cryptogamarum [Compendium of genera and species of cryptogams]. pp. 1–498 [347].
  32. ^ Lücking, Robert; Seavey, Frederick; Common, Ralph S.; Beeching, Sean Q.; Breuss, Othmar; Buck, William R.; et al. (2011). "The lichens of Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park, Florida: Proceedings from the 18th Tuckerman Workshop" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History. 46 (4): 127–186 [147–148]. doi:10.58782/flmnh.sofw5435.
  33. ^ a b Lücking, R.; Sutjaritturakan, J.; Kalb, K. (2012). "Validation of three species names and description of a new species in the genus Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)". The Lichenologist. 44 (3): 391–394. doi:10.1017/S0024282911000855.
  34. ^ a b c Dal Forno, M.; Eliasaro, S. (2010). "Four new species of Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Brazil". The Lichenologist. 42 (1): 77–81. doi:10.1017/S002428290999034X.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Vainio, E.A. (1921). "Lichenes insularum Philippinarum, III" [Lichens of the Philippine Islands, III]. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. Series A (in Latin). 15 (6): 1–368.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h Makhija, Urmila; Adawadkar, Bharati (2005). "Some new species of Graphis (lichenised Ascomycota) from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India". Mycotaxon. 91: 369–379. doi:10.5248/91.369.
  37. ^ a b Nylander, W. (1868). "Synopsis lichenum Novae Caledoniae" [Synopsis of the lichens of New Caledonia]. Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Normandie. 2 (in Latin). 2: 39–140 [109, 119].
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h Zenker, J.C. (1827). "Kryptogamische Parasiten auf officinellen Rinden" [Cryptogamic parasites on officinal barks]. Pharmaceutische Waarenkunde (in German). 1 (3): 109–200.
  39. ^ Sutjaritturakan, J.; Saipunkaew, W.; Boonpragob, K.; Kalb, K. (2014). "New species of Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes) from southern Thailand". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 312–324 [321]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.22.
  40. ^ a b Vainio, E.A. (1921). "Lichenes ab A. Yasuda in Japonia collecti. Continuatio I" [Lichens collected by A. Yasuda in Japan. Continuation I]. The Botanical Magazine, Tokyo (in Latin). 35: 45–79 [72, 73].
  41. ^ a b Singh, K.P.; Swarnalatha, G. (2009). "Some new combinations in lichen family Graphidaceae". Indian Journal of Forestry. 21 (1): 179–180.
  42. ^ a b c Müller, J. (1888). "Lichenes Paraguayenses" [Lichens of Paraguay]. Revue Mycologique (Toulouse) (in Latin). 10: 113–120.
  43. ^ a b Tuckerman, E. (1888). A Synopsis of the North American Lichens Part II, comprising the lecideacei, and (in part) the graphidacei. Vol. 2. pp. 1–190 [122, 124].
  44. ^ van den Boom, P.P.G.; Sipman, H.J.M. (2014). "New or interesting lichen records from Guatemala II (with descriptions of six new species)". Sydowia. 66: 145–152 [150].
  45. ^ a b c d e Redinger, K.M. (1935). "Die Graphidineen der ersten Regnell'schen Expedition nach Brasilien, 1892–1894. III: Graphis und Phaeographis" [The Graphidineae of the first Regnell expedition to Brazil, 1892–1894. III: Graphis and Phaeographis]. Arkiv för Botanik (in German). 27A (3): 1–103 [37].
  46. ^ Zahlbruckner, A. (1904). "Neue Flechten" [New lichens]. Annales Mycologici (in German). 2 (3): 267–270 [269].
  47. ^ a b Kukwa, M.; Schiefelbein, U.; Flakus, A. (2013). "A contribution to the lichen family Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) of Bolivia". Herzogia. 26 (2): 231–252. doi:10.13158/heia.26.2.2013.231.
  48. ^ a b c d Archer, A.W. (2005). "New combinations and synonymies in the Australian Graphidaceae". Telopea. 11 (1): 59–78 [74]. doi:10.7751/telopea20055705.
  49. ^ a b Rechinger, K. (1911). Botanische und Zoologische Ergebnisse einer wissenschaftlichen Forschungsreise nach den Samoa-Inseln, dem Neuguinea-Archipel und den Salomoninseln [Botanical and zoological results of a scientific research expedition to the Samoa Islands, the New Guinea Archipelago and the Solomon Islands] (in German). Vol. 88. pp. 1–65 [18–19].
  50. ^ a b c d e Müller, J. (1882). "Lichenologische Beiträge. XV" [Lichenological contributions XV]. Flora (in Latin). 65 (21): 326–337 [335].
  51. ^ Neuwirth, Gerhard; Lücking, Robert (2009). "A new species of Graphis (Graphidaceae) from Venezuela". The Lichenologist. 41 (3): 271–274. doi:10.1017/s0024282909008354.
  52. ^ Nakanishi, M.; Kashiwadani, H.; Moon, K.H. (2001). "New species of Graphis, Phaeographina and Sarcographa (Ascomycotina, Graphidaceae) from Vanuatu". Bulletin of the National Science Museum Tokyo. 28 (4): 107–111.
  53. ^ a b c Seavey, F.; Seavey, J. (2011). "The lichen genus Graphis (Graphidaceae) in Everglades National Park (Florida)". The Bryologist. 114 (4): 764–784. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-114.4.764.
  54. ^ Barcenas Peña, Alejandrina; Lücking, Robert; Miranda-GonzáLez, Ricardo; Herrera-Campos, María de los Angeles (2014). "Three new species of Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Mexico, with updates to taxonomic key entries for 41 species described between 2009 and 2013". The Lichenologist. 46 (1): 69–82. doi:10.1017/S0024282913000637.
  55. ^ Vainio, E.A. (1890). Étude sur la classification naturelle et la morphologie des Lichens du Brésil. Pars secunda [Study on the natural classification and morphology of lichens of Brazil. Part two]. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica (in Latin). Vol. 7. pp. 1–256 [122].
  56. ^ Nakanishi, M.; Kashiwadani, H.; Futagami, Y.; Moon, K.H. (2010). "Nine species of Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomicota), collected in Siem Reap, Cambodia". Journal of Japanese Botany. 85: 313–321 [316].
  57. ^ a b c Stirton, J. (1879). "New and rare lichens from India and the Himalayas". Proceedings of the Philosophical Society of Glasgow. 11: 306–322 [315].
  58. ^ Lumbsch, H.T.; Ahti, T.; Altermann, S.; De Paz, G.A.; Aptroot, A.; Arup, U.; et al. (2011). "One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 18 (1): 59. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.18.1.1.
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Handel-Mazzetti, H., ed. (1930). Symbolae Sinica. Vol. 3. pp. 1–254 [49].
  60. ^ Müller, J. (1895). "Graphideae Eckfeldtianae in Louisiana et Florida lectae, additis observationibus in Graphideas Calkinsianas ejusdem regionis" [Eckfeldt's Graphideae collected in Louisiana and Florida, with added observations on Calkins's Graphideae from the same region]. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier. 3 (2): 41–50 [45].
  61. ^ Räsänen, V. (1949). "Lichenes Novi V" [New lichens V]. Archivum Societatis Zoologicae-Botanicae Fennicae Vanamo (in Latin). 3: 178–188 [186].
  62. ^ Müller, J. (1892). "Lichenes Yatabeani, in Japonia lecti et a cl. prof. Yatabe missi" [Yatabe's lichens, collected in Japan and sent by the distinguished Professor Yatabe]. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano (in Latin). 24: 189–202 [199].
  63. ^ a b c d e Zahlbruckner, A. (1933). "Flechten der Insel Formosa" [Lichens of the island of Formosa]. Feddes Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis (in German). 31: 194–224 [209–211]. doi:10.1002/fedr.19330311108.
  64. ^ Krempelhuber, A.von (1871). "Flechten aus Amboina" [Lichens from Amboina]. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien (in German). 21: 861–872 [865].
  65. ^ a b c d Harris, R.C. (1990). Some Florida lichens. pp. 1–109 [19].
  66. ^ Archer, A.W. (2009). Graphidaceae. Flora of Australia. Vol. 57. pp. 84–194.
  67. ^ Archer, A.W. (2007). "Graphis coenensis A.W. Archer, a new name for Graphis celata (A.W. Archer) A.W. Archer" (PDF). Australasian Lichenology. 60: 13.
  68. ^ Lücking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T.; von Konrat, M.; Naikatini, A. (2010). "Graphis collinsiae (Ascomycota: Graphidaceae), a new lichen species from the Fiji Islands". The Bryologist. 113 (2): 356–359. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-113.2.356.
  69. ^ Knight, C.; Mitten, W. (1860). "Contributions to the lichenographia of New Zealand; being an account, with figures of some new species of Graphideae and allied lichens". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 23: 101–106 [102].
  70. ^ Krempelhuber, A. von (1877). "Neue Beiträge zur Flechtenflora Neu-Seelands" [New contributions to the lichen flora of New Zealand]. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien (in German). 26: 447–460 [457].
  71. ^ Vainio, E.A. (1915). "Additamenta ad lichenographiam Antillarum illustrandum" [Additions to illustrate the lichen flora of the Antilles]. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. A. 6 (7): 1–226 [163].
  72. ^ a b Müller, J. (1882). "Lichenologische Beiträge XVI" [Lichenological contributions XVI]. Flora (in German). 65: 499–505 [502].
  73. ^ Vainio, Edv. A. (1899). "Lichenes novi rarioresque, ser. III" [New and rare lichens, series III]. Beiblatt zur "Hedwigia" (in Latin). 38 (6): 256.
  74. ^ a b Archer, A.W.; Elix, J.A. (2007). "Two new species in the Australian Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina)" (PDF). Australasian Lichenology. 61: 18–20.
  75. ^ a b c d e Dodge, C.W. (1953). "Some lichens to tropical Africa". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 40: 271–401 [316].
  76. ^ Crombie, J.M. (1877). "The lichens of the "Challenger" Expedition (with a revision of those enumerated by Dr. J. Stirton in Linn. Journ. Bot. xiv + pp. 366-375)". Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 16: 211–231 [226].
  77. ^ a b Leighton, W.A. (1866). "Lichenes Amazonici et Andini lecti a Domino Spruce". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (in Latin). 25: 433–460.
  78. ^ Vainio, E.A. (1926). "Lichenes Africani Novi" [New African lichens] (PDF). Annales Universitatis Fennicae Åboensis (in Latin). Ser. A, 2 (3): 1–33 [27].
  79. ^ Stizenberger, E. (1891). "Lichenaea africana" [African lichens]. Bericht über die Thätigkeit der St. Gallischen Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft. 1889–1890: 133–268 [195].
  80. ^ a b Müller, J. (1886). "Lichenologische Beiträge XXIV" [Lichenological contributions XXIV]. Flora (in Latin). 69 (20): 307–318 [312].
  81. ^ a b Archer, A.W. (2004). "Additional new species in the lichen family Graphidaceae (Lichenised Ascomycota) from the Solomon Islands". Mycotaxon. 89 (2): 321–329 [325]. doi:10.5248/89.321.
  82. ^ a b Hiern, W.P.; Rendle, A.B. (1901). Catalogue of the African plants collected by Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch in 1853-61. Vol. 2. pp. 261–565 [439–440].
  83. ^ a b c Acharius, Erik (1814). Synopsis methodica lichenum, sistens omnes hujus ordinis naturalis detectas plantas, quas, secundum genera, species et varietates disposuit, characteribus et differentiis emendatis definivit, nec non synonymis et observationibus selectis illustravit auctor (in Latin). pp. 1–392 [81].
  84. ^ Archer, Alan W.; Elix, John A. (2007). "New species and new reports in the Australian Graphidaceae". Telopea. 11 (4): 451–462 [453]. doi:10.7751/telopea20075744.
  85. ^ Müller, J. (1893). "Lichenes exotici II" [Exotic lichens II]. Hedwigia (in Latin). 32 (2): 120–136 [132].
  86. ^ a b c Zahlbruckner, A. (1932). "Neue Flechten – XI" [New lichens – XI]. Annales Mycologici (in German). 30 (5–6): 427–441 [429–430].
  87. ^ Müller, J. (1894). "Lichenes usambarenses" [Lichens of Usambara]. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie (in Latin). 20: 238–298 [280].
  88. ^ a b c Aptroot, A.; Lücking, R.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2024). "New species, records and combinations of Graphidaceae (lichenized fungi) from Brazil". The Bryologist. 127 (1): 22–55 [29]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-127.1.022.
  89. ^ Seavey, F.; Seavey, J.; Gagnon, J.; Guccion, J.; Kaminsky, B.; Pearson, J.; Podaril, A.; Randall, B. (2017). "The lichens of Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park, Key Largo, Florida, USA". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History. 53 (5): 201–268 [225]. doi:10.58782/flmnh.yidn8870.
  90. ^ van den Boom, P.P.G.; Sipman, H.J.M. (2013). "Sixty-two species of lirelliform Graphidaceae (Ascomycota) new to Panama, with four species newly described to science". Herzogia. 26: 9–20 [14]. doi:10.13158/heia.26.1.2013.9.
  91. ^ a b c d Müller, J. (1895). "Thelotremeae et Graphideae novae quas praesertim ex hb. Reg. Kewensi exponit" [New Thelotremeae and Graphideae primarily from the Royal Kew herbarium]. Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany (in Latin). 30: 451–463 [457].
  92. ^ Joshi, Yogesh; Lücking, Robert; Yamamoto, Yoshikazu; Wang, Xin Yu; Koh, Young Jin; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2010). "A new species of Graphis (lichenized Ascomycetes) from South Korea". Mycotaxon. 113: 305–309. doi:10.5248/113.305.
  93. ^ a b c d e Weerakoon, G.; Aptroot, A.; Lücking, R.; Arachchige, O.; Wijesundara, S. (2019). "Graphis and Allographa (lichenized Ascomycota: Graphidaceae) in Sri Lanka, with six new species and a biogeographical comparison investigating a potential signature of the "biotic ferry" species interchange". The Lichenologist. 51 (6): 515–559. doi:10.1017/S0024282919000392.
  94. ^ Fée, A.L.A. (1825). Essai sur les cryptogames des écorces exotiques officinales [Study of cryptogams on exotic bark used in medicine] (in French). pp. 1–180 [40].
  95. ^ a b Müller, J. (1887). "Lichenologische Beiträge XXVI" [Lichenological contributions XXVI]. Flora (in Latin). 70 (25): 396–402 [401].
  96. ^ Vainio, E.A. (1907). "Lichenes novi rarioresque. Ser. IV" [New and rare lichens. Series IV]. Hedwigia. 46: 168–181 [178].
  97. ^ Nylander, W. (1866). "Collectio lichenum ex insula Cuba" [Collection of lichens from the island of Cuba]. Flora. 49: 289–295 [292].
  98. ^ Kalb, K.; Aptroot, A. (2018). "New lichen species from Brazil and Venezuela". The Bryologist. 121 (1): 56–66. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-121.1.056.
  99. ^ a b c d Handel-Mazzetti, H., ed. (1930). Symbolae Sinica. Vol. 3. pp. 39, 45.
  100. ^ a b c d Feuerstein, S.C.; Eliasaro, S. (2014). "Five new species of Graphis (Graphidaceae: Lichenized Ascomycota) from Brazil". Brazilian Journal of Botany. 38 (1): 141–148. doi:10.1007/s40415-014-0108-8.
  101. ^ Lendemer, J.C. (2010). "Notes on the genus Graphis (Graphidaceae: Lichenized Ascomycetes) in the coastal plain of southeastern North America". The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society. 137 (2): 312–317. doi:10.3159/10-RA-019R.1.
  102. ^ a b Nylander, W. (1863). "Lichenographia Novogranatensis prodromus" [Preliminary lichen flora of New Granada]. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae (in Latin). 7 (2): 415–504 [469].
  103. ^ Guo, W.; Hur, J.S. (2015). "Graphis hongkongensis sp. nov. and other Graphis spp. new to Hong Kong". Mycotaxon. 130 (2): 429–436. doi:10.5248/130.429.
  104. ^ Nakanishi, M.; Kashiwadani, H.; Moon, K.H. (2003). "Taxonomical notes on Japanese Graphidaceae (Ascomycotina), including some new combinations". Bulletin of the National Science Museum Tokyo. 29: 83–90.
  105. ^ Adawadkar, B.; Makhija, U. (2004). "A new isidiate species of Graphis from India". The Lichenologist. 36 (6): 361–363. doi:10.1017/S0024282904014409.
  106. ^ Moon, K.H.; Kashiwadani, H.; Nakanishi, M. (2012). "New or Noteworthy Species of Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) in Korea". Journal of Japanese Botany. 87: 320–325.
  107. ^ a b c Kalb, K.; Jia, Z.F. (2014). "New species of Graphidaceae from Zhejiang Province, China". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 147–152 [150]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.10.
  108. ^ Poengsungnoen, Vasun; Buaruang, Kawinnat; Vongshewarat, Kajonsak; Sangvichien, Ek; Boonpragob, Kansri; Mongkolsuk, Pachara; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2019). "Three new crustose lichens from Thailand". The Bryologist. 122 (3): 451–456. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-122.3.451.
  109. ^ a b c Müller, J. (1880). "Lichenologische Beiträge. X" [Lichenological contributions X]. Flora (in Latin). 63 (2): 17–24 [20].
  110. ^ Archer, A.W. (2002). "Graphidaceae (Ascomycotina) from the Solomon Islands: new species from Guadalcanal". Mycotaxon. 83: 361–367 [364]. doi:10.5248/83.361.
  111. ^ a b Papong, K.B.; Lücking, R.; Kraichak, E.; Parnmen, S.; Von Konrat, M.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2014). "Twenty-three new species in the lichen family Graphidaceae from New Caledonia (Ostropales, Ascomycota)". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 204–231 [211]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.15.
  112. ^ Knight, C. (1884). "On the Lichenographia of New Zealand". Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 16: 400–408 [404].
  113. ^ a b c d e f g Vainio, E.A. (1930). "Lichenes Mozambici" [Lichens of Mozambique]. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana. 2 (in Latin). 6: 144–179.
  114. ^ Diederich, P.; Lücking, R.; Aptroot, A.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Braun, U.; Ahti, T.; Ertz, D. (2017). "New species and new records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the Seychelles". Herzogia. 30 (1): 182–236 [200]. doi:10.13158/heia.30.1.2017.182.
  115. ^ Acharius, Erik (1810). Lichenographia universalis (in Latin). p. 264.
  116. ^ Müller, J. (1892). "Lichenes Manipurenses, a cl. Dr. G. Watt circa Manipur, ad limites orientales Indiæ Orientalis 1881-1882, lecti". Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 29 (201): 217–231 [225].
  117. ^ Joshi, S.; Upreti, D.K.; Hur, J.-S. (2018). "Graphis lueckingiana, a new species from Cameroon". The Korean Journal of Mycology. 46 (4): 491–494. doi:10.4489/KJM.20180053.
  118. ^ Lücking, Robert; Moncada, Bibiana; Martínez-Habibe, María Cristina; Salgado-Negret, Beatriz E.; Celis, Marcela; Rojas-Zamora, Oscar; Rodríguez-M., Gina M.; Brokamp, Grischa; Borsch, Thomas (2019). "Lichen diversity in Colombian Caribbean dry forest remnants". Caldasia. 41: 201–219 [206]. doi:10.15446/caldasia.v41n1.71060.
  119. ^ Meyer, G. (1825). Nebenstudien meiner Beschäftigungen im Gebiete der Pflanzenkunde [Supplementary studies in plant science] (in German). pp. 1–372 [100].
  120. ^ Singh, P.; Singh, K.P. (2014). "Two new species of Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae), from the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot". Mycosphere. 5 (4): 504–509 [505]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/5/4/2.
  121. ^ Zhang, L.L.; Yang, M.Z.; Zhao, Z.T. (2018). "Graphis maomingensis, a new lichenized fungus from China". Mycotaxon. 133 (1): 197–200 [198]. doi:10.5248/133.197.
  122. ^ Archer, A.W. (2007). "Key and checklist for the lichen family Graphidaceae (lichenised Ascomycota) in the Solomon Islands". Systematics and Biodiversity. 5 (1): 9–22 [16]. doi:10.1017/S1477200006002040.
  123. ^ Ohmura, Y.; Frisch, A.; Lendemer, J.C.; Nakanishi, M. (2016). "Lichens of Mikura-jima Island, Izu Islands, central Japan". Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Series B, botany. 42 (1): 1–18 [5].
  124. ^ Sipman, H.J.M. (2014). "New species of Graphidaceae from the Neotropics and Southeast Asia". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 289–311 [299]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.21.
  125. ^ a b c d Zahlbruckner, A. (1928). "Neue und ungenügend beschriebene javanische Flechten" [New and insufficiently described Javanese lichens]. Annales de Cryptogamie Exotique (in German). 1: 109–212 [125, 129].
  126. ^ Müller, J. (1885). "Lichenologische Beiträge XXII" [Lichenological contributions XXII]. Flora (in German). 68 (28): 503–518 [512].
  127. ^ a b Müller, J. (1893). "Lichenes Neo-Caledonici a cl. B. Balansa in Nova Caledonia lecti" [New Caledonian lichens collected by the distinguished B. Balansa in New Caledonia]. Journal de Botanique (Morot) (in Latin). 7: 106–110 [107].
  128. ^ Rock, Joseph Francis (1916). "Palmyra Island with a description of its flora". College of Hawaii Publications (4): 1–53 [36].
  129. ^ Chitale, G.; Makhija, U.; Sharma, B. (2011). "Additional species of Graphis from Maharashtra, India". Mycotaxon. 115: 469–480 [474]. doi:10.5248/115.469.
  130. ^ a b Lücking, R.; Álvaro-Alba, W.R.; Moncada, B.; Marín-Canchala, N.L.; Tunjano, S.S.; Cárdenas-López, D. (2023). "Lichens from the Colombian Amazon: 666 taxa including 28 new species and 157 new country records document an extraordinary diversity". The Bryologist. 126 (2): 242–303 [279]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-126.2.242.
  131. ^ a b Cáceres, M.E.S. (2007). Corticolous crustose and microfoliose lichens of northeastern Brazil. Libri Botanici. Vol. 22. pp. 1–168 [86].
  132. ^ a b Meyen, J.; Flotow, J. (1843). "Observationes Botanicas in itinere circum terram institutas (1830–1832): Lichenes" [Botanical observations made on a voyage around the world (1830–1832): Lichens]. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum (in Latin). 19 (Suppl. 1): 209–232 [229].
  133. ^ Kirk, P.M.; Arcadia, L. (2023). "Nomenclatural novelties". Index Fungorum. 557: 1.
  134. ^ a b Müller, J. (1891). "Lichenes, in Durand, T. & Pittier, H. Primitiae Florae Costaricensis" [Lichens, in Durand, T. & Pittier, H. First contributions to the flora of Costa Rica]. Bulletin de la Société Royale de Botanique de Belgique (in Latin). 30 (1): 49–97 [78].
  135. ^ Kashiwadani, H.; Nakanishi, M.; Moon, K.H. (2014). "Two new species of Graphis and Halegrapha (Graphidaceae, Ostropales) from Southern Japan". Journal of Japanese Botany. 89: 12–16 [13].
  136. ^ Wallroth, C.F.W. (1831). Flora Cryptogamica Germaniae [Cryptogamic flora of Germany] (in Latin). Vol. 1. pp. 1–654 [345].
  137. ^ a b Cáceres, M.E.S.; Aptroot, A.; Parnmen, S.; Lücking, R. (2014). "Remarkable diversity of the lichen family Graphidaceae in the Amazon rain forest of Rondônia, Brazil". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 87–136 [101]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.8.
  138. ^ Aptroot, A.; Cáceres, M.E.S.; Santos, L.A.; Benatti, M.N.; Canêz, L.; Dal Forno, M.; Feuerstein, S.C.; Fraga Jr, C.A.V.; Gerlach, A.C.L.; Gumboski, E.L.; Jungbluth, P.; Käffer, M.I.; Kalk, K.; Koch, N.M.; Lücking, R.; Torres, J.-M.; Spielmann, A.A. (2025). "The Brazilian lichen checklist: 4,827 accepted taxa constitute a country-level world record". The Bryologist. 128 (2): 96–423 [108]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-128.2.96.
  139. ^ Barcenas-Peña, A.; Miranda-Gonzales, R.; Herrera-Campos, M.A. (2015). "Una especie nueva y peculiar de Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) de la selva alta perennifolia de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad (in Spanish). 86 (3): 559–564 [561]. doi:10.1016/j.rmb.2015.05.001.
  140. ^ Zahlbruckner, A. (1921). "Neue Flechten IX" [New lichens IX]. Annales Mycologici (in German). 19 (3–4): 224–242 [228].
  141. ^ Müller, J. (1891). "Lichenes Brisbanenses a cl. F.M. Bailey, Government Botanist, prope Brisbane (Queensland) in Australia orientali lecti" [Lichens of Brisbane collected by the distinguished F.M. Bailey, Government Botanist, near Brisbane (Queensland) in eastern Australia]. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano. 23 (3): 385–404 [397].
  142. ^ Pereira, T.A.; Passos, P.O.; Santos, L.A.; Lücking, R.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2018). "Going extinct before being discovered? New lichen fungi from a small fragment of the vanishing Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil". Biota Neotropica. Campinas. 18 (1) e20170445. doi:10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2017-0445.
  143. ^ Nylander, W. (1891). Sertum Lichenaeae Tropicae e Labuan et Singapore [Garland of tropical lichens from Labuan and Singapore] (in Latin). pp. 1–48 [42].
  144. ^ Lima, E.L. de; Maia, L.C.; Martins, M.C.B.; Silva, N.L.; Lücking, R.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2019). "Five new species of Graphidaceae from the Brazilian Northeast, with notes on Diorygma alagoense". The Bryologist. 122 (3): 414–422 [418]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-122.3.414.
  145. ^ Poengsungnoen, V.; Manoch, L.; Mongkolsuk, P.; Kalb, K. (2014). "New species of Graphidaceae from Loei Province, Thailand". Phytotaxa. 189 (1): 255–267. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.18.
  146. ^ Feuerstein, Shirley Cunha; Koch, Natália Mossmann; Lucheta, Fabiane; Vargas, Vera Maria Ferrão; da Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges (2016). "A new species of Graphis (Graphidaceae: Lichenized Ascomycota) and a revised key of the genus in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil". Phytotaxa. 289 (3): 271–278. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.7.
  147. ^ Moon, Kwang Hee; Nakanishi, Minoru; Futagami, Yoko; Kashiwadani, Hiroyuki (2011). "Studies on Cambodian species of Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) (I)". Journal of Japanese Botany. 86 (5): 273–278. doi:10.51033/jjapbot.86_5_10312.
  148. ^ Zahlbruckner, A. (1912). "Neue Flechten – VI" [New lichens – VI]. Annales Mycologici (in German). 10 (4): 359–384 [366].
  149. ^ Vainio, E.A. (1921). "Lichenes in summo monte Doi Sutep (circ. 1675 m.s.m.) in Siam boreali anno 1904 a D:re C.C. Hosseo collecti" [Lichens collected on the summit of Mount Doi Suthep (circa 1675 m above sea level) in northern Siam in the year 1904 by Dr. C.C. Hosseus]. Annales Botanici Societatis Zoologicae-Botanicae Fennicae "Vanamo" (in Latin). 1 (3): 33–55.
  150. ^ Ferraro, L.I.; Lücking, R.; Aptroot, A.; Cáceres, M.E.S. (2014). "New Graphidaceae from northern Argentina". Phytotaxa. 189: 137–146 [140]. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.9.
  151. ^ Bock, Christina; Hauck, Markus (2005). "Graphis tetralocularis, a new lichen with four-celled ascospores from tropical Africa". The Lichenologist. 37 (2): 105–108. doi:10.1017/s0024282904014719.
  152. ^ Nylander, W. (1886). "Lichenes Insulae San Thomé" [Lichens of the Island of São Tomé]. Flora (in Latin). 69: 171–178 [174].
  153. ^ Aptroot, A.; Feuerstein, S. (2020). "New Graphidaceae from South and Central Brazil". Archive for Lichenology. 16: 1–10 [7].
  154. ^ van den Boom, P.P.G.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Divakar, P.K.; Ertz, D. (2018). "New or interesting records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Suriname, with descriptions of eight new species". Ascomycete.org. 10 (6): 244–258 [251]. doi:10.25664/art-0248.
  155. ^ Zahlbruckner, A. (1916). "Neue Flechten – VIII" [New lichens – VIII]. Annales Mycologici (in German). 14 (1–2): 45–61 [47].
  156. ^ Krempelhuber, A. von (1875). "Lichenes quos legit O. Beccari in insulis Borneo et Singapore annis 1866 et 1867" [Lichens collected by O. Beccari on the islands of Borneo and Singapore in the years 1866 and 1867]. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano (in Latin). 7 (1): 5–67 [32].
  157. ^ a b Fink, B. (1927). "New species of lichens from Porto Rico - I. Graphidaceae". Mycologia. 19 (4): 206–221.
  158. ^ Müller, J. (1895). "Lichenes exotici III" [Exotic lichens III]. Hedwigia (in Latin). 34: 27–38 [33].
  159. ^ Jiang, Shu-Hao; Hao, Cheng-Yue; Zhao, Xin; Jia, Ze-Feng (2024). "New species and record in the genus Carbacanthographis (lichenized Ascomycota, Graphidaceae) from China". Phytotaxa. 670 (4): 285–292. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.670.4.6.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.