Lichenihabitantaceae
| Lichenihabitantaceae | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Pseudomonadati |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Alphaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Hyphomicrobiales |
| Family: | Lichenihabitantaceae Noh et al. 2019 |
| Type genus | |
| Lichenihabitans | |
| Genera | |
| |
Lichenihabitantaceae is a family of Gram-negative bacteria within the order Hyphomicrobiales (formerly Rhizobiales) in the class Alphaproteobacteria. The family was first proposed in 2019 to accommodate the genus Lichenihabitans, isolated from Antarctic lichens.[1]
Taxonomy
The family Lichenihabitantaceae was validly published by Noh et al. in 2019 following the description of Lichenihabitans psoromatis.[1]
According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the family currently includes the genera:
- Lichenihabitans
- Lichenifustis[2]
The genus Lichenibacterium is presently classified in the separate family Lichenibacteriaceae according to LPSN,[3] although genome-based studies have suggested close phylogenetic relationships between these taxa.[4][5]
Description
Members of the family are Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic bacteria typically isolated from lichen thalli.[1][2]
Cells are rod-shaped and may be motile or non-motile depending on the genus and growth stage. Colonies are typically pink to orange due to carotenoid-type pigments.[1][2]
Growth occurs at low to moderate temperatures (4–35 °C), reflecting adaptation to cold and temperate environments. Most species grow optimally in slightly acidic to neutral pH conditions and are sensitive to elevated NaCl concentrations.[1][2]
Metabolically, members utilize a broad range of carbohydrates and organic acids and are primarily aerobic. Nitrogen fixation and methylotrophic growth have not been demonstrated in the type species of Lichenihabitans.[1]
Ecology
Members of Lichenihabitantaceae are predominantly associated with lichens. The type species were isolated from Antarctic and Arctic lichens, including Psoroma antarcticum and Flavocetraria nivalis.[1][2]
Metagenomic studies have detected Lichenihabitantaceae in lichen microbiomes worldwide and in moss-associated microbial communities.[6][7]
A recent phylogenomic and metagenomic meta-analysis of phyllosphere-associated bacteria identified Lichenihabitantaceae as a dominant family at the surface of plant leaves.[5]
Phylogeny
Phylogenomic analyses based on whole-genome comparisons place Lichenihabitantaceae within a monophyletic group of Hyphomicrobiales that also includes the families Beijerinckiaceae, Methylocystaceae, Rhodoblastaceae, and Roseiarcaceae.[5][4]
Whole-genome analyses of type strains indicate that Lichenihabitans and Lichenibacterium form a well-supported monophyletic group.[4] Broader genome and metagenome-based analyses further support inclusion of Lichenifustis within the same lineage.[5]
Based on phylogenomic analyses[5], the relationships among described species are as follows:
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other Hyphomicrobiales | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Formal taxonomic emendations merging Lichenibacteriaceae into Lichenihabitantaceae have not yet been validly published.
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Noh, H.J.; Baek, K.; Hwang, C.Y.; Shin, S.C.; Hong, S.G.; Lee, Y.M. (2019). "Lichenihabitans psoromatis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of a novel lineage (Lichenihabitantaceae fam. nov.) within the order of Rhizobiales isolated from Antarctic lichen". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 69 (12): 3837–3842. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003695. PMID 31556866.
- ^ a b c d e Pankratov, T.A.; Samylina, O.S.; Tikhonova, E.N.; Ianutsevich, E.A.; Avtukh, A.N.; Lee, Y.M. (2023). "Lichenifustis flavocetrariae gen. nov., sp. nov. demonstrating hydrolytic properties and containing a full set of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle genes". Archives of Microbiology. 205 (6): 232. doi:10.1007/s00203-023-03577-x. PMID 37166571.
- ^ Pankratov, T.A.; Grouzdev, D.S.; Patutina, E.O.; Kolganova, T.V.; Suzina, N.E.; Berestovskaya, J.J. (2020). "Lichenibacterium ramalinae gen. nov., sp. nov., Lichenibacterium minor sp. nov., and proposal of the new family Lichenibacteriaceae within the order Rhizobiales". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 113 (4): 477–489. doi:10.1007/s10482-019-01357-6. PMID 31741189.
- ^ a b c diCenzo, G.C.; Yang, Y.; Young, J.P.W.; Kuzmanović, N. (2024). "Refining the taxonomy of the order Hyphomicrobiales (Rhizobiales) based on whole genome comparisons of over 130 type strains". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 74 (4): 006328. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006328. PMC 11092082. PMID 38619983.
- ^ a b c d e Leducq, J.B.; St-Amand, L.P.; Ross, D.; Kembel, S.W. (2026). "A phylogenomic and metagenomic meta-analysis of bacterial diversity in the phyllosphere lifts a veil on hyphomicrobiales dark matter". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 49 (2) 126697. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2026.126697. PMID 41679088.
- ^ Tagirdzhanova, G.; Saary, P. (2024). "Microbial occurrence and symbiont detection in a global sample of lichen metagenomes". PLOS Biology. 22 (11) e3002862. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002862. PMC 11542873. PMID 39509454.
- ^ Ishak, S.; Rondeau-Leclaire, J. (2024). "Boreal moss-microbe interactions revealed through metagenome assembly of novel bacterial species". Scientific Reports. 14 (1) 22168. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-73045-z. PMC 11437008. PMID 39333734.