Leucoanthocyanidin reductase
| Leucoanthocyanidin reductase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 1.17.1.3 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 93389-48-1 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (EC 1.17.1.3) (LAR, aka leucocyanidin reductase or LCR) is an enzyme that catalyzes several related chemical reduction steps in flavonoid biosynthesis. For example, it converts leucocyanidin to catechin.[1]
The three substrates of this enzyme are leucocyanidin, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and a proton. Its products are catechin, oxidised NADP+, and water.[2][3]
This enzyme is an oxidoreductase, with the systematic name (2R,3S)-catechin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase. It is also called leucocyanidin reductase.
Other reactions catalysed
The enzyme also converts leucopelargonidin to afzelechin and leucodelphinidin to gallocatechol:[1][2]
It can be found in the plant Hedysarum sulphurescens and in Vitis vinifera (grape).[4]
References
- ^ a b Tanner, Gregory J.; Francki, Kathy T.; Abrahams, Sharon; Watson, John M.; Larkin, Philip J.; Ashton, Anthony R. (2003). "Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in Plants". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (34): 31647–31656. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302783200. PMID 12788945.
- ^ a b Enzyme 1.17.1.3 at KEGG Pathway Database.
- ^ Tanner, G.J.; Kristiansen, K.N. (1993). "Synthesis of 3,4-cis-[3H]Leucocyanidin and Enzymatic Reduction to Catechin". Analytical Biochemistry. 209 (2): 274–277. doi:10.1006/abio.1993.1119. PMID 8470799.
- ^ Maugé, Chloé; Granier, Thierry; d'Estaintot, Béatrice Langlois; Gargouri, Mahmoud; Manigand, Claude; Schmitter, Jean-Marie; Chaudière, Jean; Gallois, Bernard (2010). "Crystal Structure and Catalytic Mechanism of Leucoanthocyanidin Reductase from Vitis vinifera". Journal of Molecular Biology. 397 (4): 1079–1091. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2010.02.002. PMID 20138891.