Leptospira mayottensis

Leptospira mayottensis
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Pseudomonadati
Phylum: Spirochaetota
Class: Spirochaetia
Order: Leptospirales
Family: Leptospiraceae
Genus: Leptospira
Species:
L. mayottensis
Binomial name
Leptospira mayottensis
Bourhy, Collet, Brisse, and Picardeau (2014)[1]

Leptospira mayottensis is a pathogenic species of Leptospira in the family Leptospiracea.[1] As causative agents of Leptospirosis they primarily infect humans, livestock, dogs, and small mammals.[2] They are endemic to the island of Mayotte located in the Indian ocean,[1] as well as being found in Madagascar.[3] L. mayottensis is closely related to Leptospira borgpetersenii.[1]

L. mayottensis was first isolated from patient samples in Mayotte. Originally L. mayottensis was identified as an L. borgpetersenii-like phylogenetic group (Leptospira borgpetersenii B).[4] However based upon rRNA 16s sequencing they were determined to be their own species.[1] In addition to being isolated from humans, L. mayottensis has also been isolated from the small mammals Microgale cowani, Rattus rattus, and Tenrec ecaudatus.[5] The level of diversity from isolates derived from Madagascar compared to Mayotte may indicate L. mayottensis originated from Madagascar.[6]

Genome

The genome of L. mayottensis is around 4.1 Mbp in size and consists of two chromosomes.[1] Chromosome 1 is 3.8 Mbp, while the second chromosome is smaller at around 300 Kbp.[7] The L. mayottensis genome has a GC content of 39.5%.[1]

pMaORI

pMaORI is a replicative plasmid used to genetically manipulate pathogenic leptospires, as well as saprophytic species.[8] The plasmid was constructed by combining the E. coli plasmid, pMAT, with a genomic island isolated from L. mayottensis strain 200901116.[8]

Biology

Morphology

The morphology of leptospires is similar across species. L. mayottensis are helical, with wavelength and amplitude both around 0.5 μm. Cells have a diameter of around 0.2 μm, and length of ±9.21 μm.[1] They additionally have the 'hooked end' often associated with Leptospira.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Bourhy, Pascale; Collet, Louis; Brisse, Sylvain; Picardeau, Mathieu (2014-12-01). "Leptospira mayottensis sp. nov., a pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira isolated from humans". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt_12): 4061–4067. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.066597-0. ISSN 1466-5026. PMC 4811635. PMID 25249563.
  2. ^ Cordonin, Colette; Toty, Céline; Mavingui, Patrick; Tortosa, Pablo (2018-10-18). Stajich, Jason (ed.). "Complete Genome Sequences of Three Leptospira mayottensis Strains from Tenrecs That Are Endemic in the Malagasy Region". Microbiology Resource Announcements. 7 (15) e01188-18. doi:10.1128/MRA.01188-18. ISSN 2576-098X. PMC 6256437. PMID 30533730.
  3. ^ Gomard, Yann; Goodman, Steven M.; Soarimalala, Voahangy; Turpin, Magali; Lenclume, Guenaëlle; Ah-Vane, Marion; Golden, Christopher D.; Tortosa, Pablo (2022-08-18). "Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar". Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 7 (8): 193. Bibcode:2022TMID....7..193G. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed7080193. ISSN 2414-6366. PMC 9415048. PMID 36006285.
  4. ^ Bourhy, P.; Collet, L.; Lernout, T.; Zinini, F.; Hartskeerl, R. A.; van der Linden, Hans; Thiberge, J. M.; Diancourt, L.; Brisse, S.; Giry, C.; Pettinelli, F.; Picardeau, M. (February 2012). "Human Leptospira Isolates Circulating in Mayotte (Indian Ocean) Have Unique Serological and Molecular Features". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 50 (2): 307–311. doi:10.1128/jcm.05931-11. PMC 3264139. PMID 22162544.
  5. ^ Lagadec, Erwan; Gomard, Yann; Minter, Gildas Le; Cordonin, Colette; Cardinale, Eric; Ramasindrazana, Beza; Dietrich, Muriel; Goodman, Steven M.; Tortosa, Pablo; Dellagi, Koussay (2016-08-30). "Identification of Tenrec ecaudatus, a Wild Mammal Introduced to Mayotte Island, as a Reservoir of the Newly Identified Human Pathogenic Leptospira mayottensis". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 10 (8) e0004933. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004933. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 5004980. PMID 27574792.
  6. ^ Desvars, Amélie; Naze, Florence; Vourc'h, Gwenaël; Cardinale, Eric; Picardeau, Mathieu; Michault, Alain; Bourhy, Pascale (2012). "Similarities in Leptospira Serogroup and Species Distribution in Animals and Humans in the Indian Ocean Island of Mayotte". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 87 (1): 134–140. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0102. PMC 3391038. PMID 22764304. Retrieved 2025-11-21.
  7. ^ "Leptospira mayottensis 200901116 genome assembly ASM30667v3". NCBI. Retrieved 2025-11-21.
  8. ^ a b Pappas, Christopher J.; Benaroudj, Nadia; Picardeau, Mathieu (2015). Parales, R. E. (ed.). "A Replicative Plasmid Vector Allows Efficient Complementation of Pathogenic Leptospira Strains". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 81 (9): 3176–3181. Bibcode:2015ApEnM..81.3176P. doi:10.1128/AEM.00173-15. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 4393447. PMID 25724960.
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