Lanthanum(III) sulfide
| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
lanthanum(3+);trisulfide
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| Other names
Dilanthanum trisulfide, lanthanum sesquisulfide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.580 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| La2S3 | |
| Molar mass | 373.99 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | reddish-yellow crystals |
| Density | 4.9 g/cm3[1] |
| Melting point | 2,100 °C (3,810 °F; 2,370 K) |
| reacts with hot water | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Structure | |
| cubic | |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations
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Cerium(III) sulfide, Promethium(III) sulfide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Lanthanum(III) sulfide is a binary inorganic chemical compound of lanthanum metal and sulfur with the chemical formula La2S3. At least three polymorphs are known, referred to as α, β, and γ.[2][3]
Synthesis
Lanthanum(III) sulfide can directly be produced by treating metallic lanthanum with sulfur:
- 2La + 3S → La2S3
Once prepared, lanthanum(III) sulfide can be purified by chemical vapor transport using iodine.[4]
Lanthanum(III) sulfide can also be prepared by treating the sulfate with hydrogen sulfide at elevated temperatures:[5]
- La2(SO4)3 + 12 H2S → La2S3 + 12 H2O + 12 S
Physical properties
Dilanthanum trisulfide forms reddish-yellow crystals of the cubic system, with space group I43d, and unit cell parameters a = 0.8706 nm.[6] The α polymorph features two types of La3+ centers, one with Capped trigonal prismatic molecular geometry and one is bicapped trigonal prismatic molecular geometry.[2]
It does not dissolve in cold water.
Chemical properties
- Reacts with hot water:
- La2S3 + 6 H2O → 2 La(OH)3 + 3 HS
- Reacts with acids:
- La2S3 + 3 HCl → 2 LaCl3 + 3 H2S
- Oxidized by oxygen in atmosphere:
- 2 La2S3 + 9 O2 → 2 La2O3 + 6 SO2
Uses
La2S3 is used as a precursor to prepare complex compounds. It is also used in glass manufacturing and in optical fibers.[7]
References
- ^ "Lanthanum Sulfide". American Elements. Retrieved 27 July 2024.
- ^ a b Basançon, P.; Adolphe, C.; Flahaut, J.; Laruelle, P. (1969). "Sur les varietes α et β des sulfures L2S3 des terres rares". Materials Research Bulletin. 4 (4): 227–237. doi:10.1016/0025-5408(69)90098-1.
- ^ Bouroushian, Mirtat (23 April 2010). Electrochemistry of Metal Chalcogenides. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 32. ISBN 978-3-642-03967-6. Retrieved 27 July 2024.
- ^ A. W. Sleight and D. P. Kelly (1973), Aaron Wold and John K. Ruff (ed.), Rare-earth Sesquisulfides, Ln2S3, Inorganic Syntheses, vol. 14, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., pp. 152–155
- ^ K. Wetzel (1963). "Lanthanum Sulfides". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 1153.
- ^ Macintyre, Jane E. (23 July 1992). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 3548. ISBN 978-0-412-30120-9. Retrieved 27 July 2024.
- ^ "Lanthanum(III) sulfide, 99% (REO), Thermo Scientific Chemicals | Fisher Scientific". Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 27 July 2024.