LGBTQ rights in Paraíba

LGBTQ rights in Paraíba
Legal statusLegal since 1830,[1] age of consent equalised
Gender identityGender change allowed,[2] official standard for altering legal sex doesn't require surgery since 2018
MilitaryAllowed to serve openly[3]
Discrimination protectionsYes, since 2003 for sexual orientation;[4] since 2017 for gender identity[5]
Family rights
Recognition of relationshipsSame-sex marriage since 2013[6]
AdoptionLegal since 2012[6]

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) rights in the Brazilian state of Paraíba have had significant legal advances in recent decades.[7]

Legality of same-sex sexual activity

In 1830, Brazilian Emperor Dom Pedro I sanctioned the Imperial Penal Code, removing all references to sodomy from Brazilian law.[8][9]

Recognition of same-sex unions

On April 26, 2013, Judge Márcio Murilo da Cunha Ramos, of the General Court of Justice of Paraíba, published Provision CGJ No. 006, authorizing the registration of civil unions and same-sex marriages in the state.[6]

Discrimination protections

On January 10, 2003, the Governor of Paraíba, Cássio Cunha Lima, sanctioned Law No. 7,309, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation.[4]

On June 8, 2017, the governor of Paraíba, Ricardo Coutinho, signed Law No. 10909, amending Law No. 7,309 to prohibit discrimination based on gender identity.[5][10]

Gender identity and expression

The Supreme Federal Court of Brazil ruled on 1 March 2018, that a transgender person has the right to change their official name and sex without the need of surgery or professional evaluation, just by self-declaration of their psychosocial identity.[11]

In January 2023, the Court of Justice of Paraíba (TJPB) published Provision CGJ-TJPB nº 89 authorizing the alteration of the sex marker to "X" without a court order.[12][13]

Censorship

Gender-neutral language ban

On December 5, 2017, the Sousa City Council approved bill 051/2017, which prohibits teaching about sexual orientation and gender identity in the city's schools.[14][15]

Other cities in the state, such as Patos and Campina Grande, have also approved similar bills.[15]

Pride parades

On November 7, 2023, the João Pessoa City Council approved bill number 1,527, which aims to prohibit the participation of children and adolescents in LGBTQ pride events in the city.[16][17][18] The Public Prosecutor's Office of Paraíba (MPPB) recommended that the city's mayor, Tarcísio Jardim, veto the bill.[18][19]

Summary table

Same-sex sexual activity legal (Since 1830)
Equal age of consent (Since 1830)
Anti-discrimination laws in employment only (Since 2003 for sexual orientation;[4] since 2017 for gender identity)[5]
Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services (Since 2003 for sexual orientation;[4] since 2017 for gender identity)[5]
Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (Incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) (Since 2003 for sexual orientation;[4] since 2017 for gender identity)[5]
Same-sex marriages (Since 2013)[6]
Recognition of same-sex couples (Since 2010)
Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples (Since 2010)
Joint adoption by same-sex couples (Since 2010)
LGBTQ people allowed to serve openly in the military
Right to change legal gender (Since 2008; gender self-identification since 2018)[11]
Third gender option (Since 2023)[13]
Conversion therapy by medical professionals banned (Since 1999 for homosexuals and since 2018 for transgender people)[20][21]
Access to IVF for lesbians (Since 2013)[22]
Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples (Banned for any couple regardless of sexual orientation)
MSMs allowed to donate blood (Since 2020)[23]

References

  1. ^ "LEI DE 16 DE DEZEMBRO DE 1830". www.planalto.gov.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2025-12-07.
  2. ^ "STJ autoriza transexual a mudar nome e sexo na certidão de nascimento". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2025-12-09.
  3. ^ "Final feliz na caserna". blogdofavre.ig.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2011-10-05. Retrieved 2025-12-09.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Lei Ordinária nº 7.309, de 10 de janeiro de 2003" (PDF). Legislative Assembly of Paraíba (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  5. ^ a b c d e "Lei Nº 10909 DE 08/06/2017". www.legisweb.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved January 20, 2026.
  6. ^ a b c d "Provimento 06/2013" (PDF). tjpb.jus.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved January 20, 2026.
  7. ^ "LGBT Rights in Paraíba, Brazil". Equaldex. Retrieved January 20, 2026.
  8. ^ "LEI DE 16 DE DEZEMBRO DE 1830". www.planalto.gov.br. Archived from the original on 2019-05-10. Retrieved 2026-01-01.
  9. ^ "Brazil - BRAZZIL - Gays in the early 1900s in Brazil - Homosexualism in Brazil - March 2000". www.brazzil.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 22 July 2025.
  10. ^ "Lei Ordinária nº 10.909, de 08 de junho de 2017". Legislative Assembly of Paraíba. Retrieved January 20, 2026.
  11. ^ a b "Dia da Visibilidade Trans: decisões do STF garantem direitos de travestis e transexuais". Supreme Federal Court (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 29, 2025. Retrieved 2025-10-11.
  12. ^ "Pessoas não binárias podem alterar nome no registro civil, na Paraíba". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2026.
  13. ^ a b "PROVIMENTO CGJ-TJPB nº 89/2023" (PDF). corregedoria.tjpb.jus.br (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  14. ^ "Projeto que proíbe ideologia de gênero em escolas é aprovado em Sousa, na PB". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). December 6, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  15. ^ a b Cabrera, Cristian González (May 12, 2022). ""I Became Scared, This Was Their Goal"". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  16. ^ "'Agressão à família tradicional': na Paraíba, vereadores aprovam lei que veta crianças em paradas LGBT+". CartaCapital (in Brazilian Portuguese). November 7, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  17. ^ "Projeto de Lei Ordinária nº 1527 de 2023". sapl.joaopessoa.pb.leg.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  18. ^ a b "Vereadores aprovam proibição de crianças em Parada LGBTQIA+ em João Pessoa; MP critica e recomenda veto". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). November 8, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  19. ^ Carvalho, Alexsander. "MPPB recomenda veto a projeto de lei que proíbe crianças em paradas LGBTQIA+, em João Pessoa". MPPB - Ministério Público da Paraíba (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on January 18, 2025. Retrieved January 21, 2026.
  20. ^ "RESOLUÇÃO CFP N° 001/99 DE 22 DE MARÇO DE 1999" (PDF). site.cfp.org.br (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  21. ^ "RESOLUÇÃO Nº 1, DE 29 DE JANEIRO DE 2018" (PDF). site.cfp.org.br (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  22. ^ "Casais gays ganham direito ao uso de fertilização in vitro". O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2013-05-08. Retrieved 2025-12-14.
  23. ^ "Após decisão do Supremo, Hemocentro de Brasília muda protocolos e aceita doação de sangue de homens LGBT". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-06-19. Retrieved 2025-12-13.
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