Kulashingo of Kasanje

Kasanje ka Kulashingo was a kinguri or ruler of the Imbangala kingdom of Kasanje.

He appears to have first migrated west with his war-band out of the Lunda region, and settled within the Kingdom of Ndongo with the permission of its ruler.[1] Later however, he joined the side of Portugal against Ndongo.[1] An alliance between the Kasanje and the Portuguese was signed in around 1612. They settled with their camps as mercenaries in the fringes of the Portuguese in Angola, along with other Imbangala bands.[2] Kulashingo helped the Portuguese against Ndongo in 1618 and 1619, only to then defect once more to engage in independent raiding.[1] The neutralization of the Kasanje Imbangala was one of the main points of the peace negotiations between Portugal and Ndongo, negotiated personally by Nzinga Mbande.[1][3]

Kasanje was invaded in 1622 by Portuguese forces led by captain-major Pedro de Sousa Coelho, who destroyed several Imbangala villages along with the capital.[3][4] Kulashingo was captured and taken to Luanda, where he was publicly executed.[4] Kalunga was elected kinguri in his stead, and the Imbangala migrated away.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e John Thornton: "Kasanje" in Anthony Appiah, Henry Louis Gates (Jr.): Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, 2005, Oxford University Press, pp. 435-436.
  2. ^ Pedro Paulo A. Funari: "Maroon, Race and Gender: Palmares material culture and social relations in a runaway settlement" in Martin Hall, Pedro Paulo A. Funari, Sian Jones: Historical Archeology: Back from the Edge, Taylor & Francis, 2013, p. 311.
  3. ^ a b Alberto Oliveira Pinto: História de Angola: Da Pré-História ao Início do Séc. XXI, 2019, Mercado de Letras Editores, pp. 316-330.
  4. ^ a b Alec Ichiro Ito: "O Combate ao Jaga Casanze Na Angola Portuguesa de João Correia de Sousa (1620-1623)" in XVI Encontro Estadual de História ANPUH-RS, 2022.
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