Khagrachhari District

Khagrachhari Hill District
খাগড়াছড়ি পার্বত্য জেলা
District of Bangladesh
View of Konglak Hill, Khagrachhari
Nicknames: 
প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্যের রাণী
("The Queen of Natural Beauty")
উপত্যকার শহর
("The City of Valleys")
Motto: 
বৈচিত্র্যে সৌন্দর্য
("Beauty in Diversity")
Location of Khagrachari District within Bangladesh
Interactive map of Khagrachhari Hill District
Coordinates: 23°02′30″N 91°59′40″E / 23.0417°N 91.9944°E / 23.0417; 91.9944
Country Bangladesh
DivisionChittagong Division
Established1983 (1984)
CapitalKhagrachhari
Government
 • TypeDistrict Council
 • BodyKhagrachhari Hill District Council
 • District Council ChairmanMongsui Pru Chowdhury[1]
 • Deputy CommissionerProtap Chandra Biswas[2]
 • Chief Executive OfficerMd. Nuruzzaman[3]
Area
 • Total
2,749.16 km2 (1,061.46 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[4]
 • Total
714,119
 • Density259.759/km2 (672.773/sq mi)
DemonymKhagrasoria
Time zoneUTC+06:00 (BST)
Postal code
4400
Area code0371
ISO 3166 codeBD-29
HDI (2018)0.593[5]
medium · 14th of 21
Websitewww.khagrachari.gov.bd

Khagrachhari District (Bengali: খাগড়াছড়ি জেলা), officially Khagrachhari Hill District, is a district in the Chittagong Division of Southeastern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts region.

Etymology

The zila headquarters is located on the bank of the Chengi river (meaning Chhara in local language) which was full of Catkin plants (meaning Khagra in local language). It is believed that the zila might have derived its name from the above two words 'Khagra' and 'Chhara'.

History

The Chittagong Hill Tracts was loosely under the reign of the Tripura State, the Arakans & the Sultans in different times before it came under the control of the British East India Company in 1760. Although the British got the authority of the Chittagong Hill Tracts in 1760, they had no authority besides collecting nominal taxes. Until 1860, two kings or chiefs governed the internal administration of this region. In 1860, another circle was formed in present Khagrachari zila, inhabited by the Tripura population. The chief or the Raja of this circle was selected from the minority Marma population. The circle was named after the Tripura dialect the Mun Circle, but later, the 'Mun dialect', was changed and renamed as Mong Circle. In 1900 the British offered independent status to Chittagong Hill Tracts recognizing the culture and language of the hill tracts population. But during the Partition of India, this status was abolished and became part of East Bengal, ruled under Pakistan. Then, the name of this subdivision was Ramgarh with its headquarters at Khagrachari. It was upgraded to zila in 1983. Khagrachari Local Govt. Council was established on 6 March 1989 to uphold the political, social, cultural, educational and economic right and to expedite the process of socio-economic development of all residents of Khagrachari Hill District. According to 'Peace Accord' this council was renamed as "Khagrachari Hill District Council (KHDC)" by the Act-10 of 1998. Now this council has been regarded as the main focal point of administration as well as development activities of the district.

Geography

Khagrachari is a hilly area. It is bounded by Tripura state of India on the north and west, Rangamati district to the east and Chittagong District to the southwest. Notable hill ranges are Golamoon, Chotto Panchari, Karmi Mura, Lutiban, Kuradia, Bhanga Mura, Jopisil.

It has three rivers, namely Chengi, Feni and Maini. Chengi is the longest river in Khagrachhari. The main ethnic groups living in the district are Tripuris, Chakmas, Bengalis and Marmas.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1974 188,975—    
1981 278,461+5.69%
1991 342,488+2.09%
2001 525,664+4.38%
2011 613,917+1.56%
2022 714,119+1.38%
Sources:[6][7]

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Khagrachhari District had 169,526 households and a population of 714,119 with an average 4.14 people per household. Among the population, 144,968 (20.30%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. Khagrachhari had a literacy rate of 71.80%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 100.27 males to 100 females. Approximately, 41.74% of the population lived in urban areas. The population density was 260 people per km2.

As per the 2022 Census, there were a total of 349,390 (48.93%) indigenous people in the district. The population of major ethnic minorities living in the district besides the Bengalis, including: Chakma 175,165, Tripura 98,500 and Marma 74,210.

Ethnicity in Khagrachhari district (2022)
  1. Bengali (51.1%)
  2. Chakma (24.5%)
  3. Tripura (13.8%)
  4. Marma (10.4%)
  5. Others (0.21%)
Population by ethnicity in Upazila
Upazila Bengali Chakma Marma Tripura Others
Dighinala Upazila 39 % 53.4 % 0.06% 7.38% 0.52%
Guimara Upazila 35.6% 7.37% 38.1% 18.79% 0.14%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 40.8% 27.1% 10.9% 20.99% 0.30%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 25.8% 51.3% 21.8% 0.46% 0.64%
Mahalchhari Upazila 37% 43.5% 15.31% 3.97% 0.22%
Manikchhari Upazila 73.6% 1.93% 18.7% 5.60% 0.17%
Matiranga Upazila 76.1 % 3.12% 2.07% 18.68% 0.03%
Panchhari Upazila 33% 44.1% 3.12% 19.36% 0.42%
Ramgarh Upazila 73.1% 2.77% 10.6% 13.28% 0.25%
Population by ethnicity in Union
Upazila Union Bengali Chakma Tripura Marma Others
Khagrachhari Upazila Khagrachhari Paurashava 41,223 11,191 2,527 3,699 235
Bhaibonchhara Union 1,846 8,469 10,713 1,695 13
Golabari Union 6,543 1,707 3,991 2,905 31
Kamalchhari Union 4,285 7,603 1,184 2,887 20
Khagrachhari Union 1,222 2,677 3,723 2,718 3
Perachhara Union 379 5,290 6,438 888 29
Ramgarh Upazila Ramgarh Paurashava 24,675 1,363 83 1,987 104
Patachhara Union 8,439 4,558 1,542 1,930 20
Ramgar Union 11,310 2,144 56 2,529 1
Matiranga Upazila Matiranga Paurashava 26,863 922 1,232 297 8
Amtali Union 7,102 3 2,508 12 1
Baranal Union 8,855 268 1,151 825 6
Belchhari Union 11,844 246 2,321 171 19
Gumti Union 11,007 6 2,901 0 2
Matiranga Union 1,555 373 11,335 644 3
Tabalchhari Union 17,597 707 1,256 403 0
Taindang Union 11,524 1,425 943 269 0
Dighinala Upazila Babuchhara Union 2,074 12,927 336 25 54
Boalkhali Union 9,220 8,275 4,066 22 112
Dighinala Union 455 14,359 20 8 24
Kabakhali Union 9,185 8,717 26 7 2
Merung Union 24,082 17,340 4,075 11 14
Guimara Upazila Guimara Union 6,418 1,170 5,941 4,738 21
Hafchhari Union 11,384 1,547 1,706 11,294 52
Sindukchhari Union 1151 1,210 2,360 4,261 3
Lakkhichhari Upazila Barmachhari Union 75 4,704 81 1,943 28
Dulyatali Union 2,326 3,275 8 1,943 2
Lakkhichhari Union 4,591 5,957 37 2,038 140
Kiyangghat Union 1,708 7,225 3 12 4
Mahalchhari Upazila Mahalchhari Union 9,411 5,483 759 2,853 92
Maischhari Union 6,946 3,267 1,172 2,400 43
Mubachhari Union 67 5,382 14 2,222 13
Manikchhari Upazila Batnatali Union 10,282 26 1,158 3,661 0
Jogyachhola Union 9,158 397 2,580 1,312 5
Manikchhari Union 21,657 747 116 6,276 63
Tintahari Union 15,573 319 459 3,182 56
Panchhari Upazila Chengi Union 182 7,035 1,490 206 7
Latiban Union 72 4,335 4,899 950 3
Logang Union 2,572 6,759 2,901 114 73
Panchhari Union 12,742 9,298 1,926 459 203
Ultachhari Union 7,105 2,843 2,079 424 6

🟩 Bengali majority 🟨 Chakma majority 🟧 Tripura majority 🟦 Marma majority

Largest ethnic group in Union and Municipality
Ethnic group Union Municipality
Bengali 22 3
Chakma 10 0
Tripura 5 0
Marma 1 0
Total 38 3

Bengali in Khagrachhari

According to 2022 census, Bengalis are the largest group in Khagrachhari District (51.07%).

They are largest ethnic group in Matiranga Upazila (76.10%), Manikchhari Upazila (73.57%), Ramgarh Upazila (73.14%) and Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila (40.77%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Bengali [8]
Matiranga Upazila 96,352 76.10%
Manikchhari Upazila 56,670 73.57%
Ramgarh Upazila 44,424 73.14%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 55,505 40.77%
Dighinala Upazila 45,020 39.00%
Mahalchhari Upazila 18,133 36.95%
Guimara Upazila 18,955 35.59%
Panchhari Upazila 22,678 33.02%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 6,992 25.76%

Chakma in Khagrachhari

According to 2022 census, Chakmas are the largest indigenous group in Khagrachhari District (24.53%).

They are the largest ethnic group in Dighinala Upazila (53.38%), Lakshmichhari Upazila (51.33%), Panchhari Upazila (44.04%) and Mahalchhari Upazila (43.52%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Chakma[8]
Dighinala Upazila 61,618 53.38%
Lakshmichhari Upazila, 13,936 51.33%
Panchhari Upazila 30,270 44.04%
Mahalchhari Upazila 21,357 43.52%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 36,937 27.13%
Guimara Upazila 3,927 7.37%
Matiranga Upazila 3,950 3.12%
Ramgarh Upazila 1,681 2.77%
Manikchhari Upazila 1,489 1.93%

Tripura in Khagrachhari

According to 2022 census, Tripuras are second largest indigenous group in Khagrachhari District (13.79%).

They are the second largest ethnic group in Matiranga Upazila (18.68%) and Ramgarh Upazila (13.28%)

Upazila Population Percentage of Tripura [8]
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 28,576 20.99%
Panchhari Upazila 13,295 19.36%
Guimara Upazila 10,007 18.79%
Matiranga Upazila 23,647 18.68%
Ramgarh Upazila 8,065 13.28%
Dighinala Upazila 8,523 7.38%
Manikchhari Upazila 4,313 5.60%
Mahalchhari Upazila 1,948 3.97%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 126 0.46%

Marma in Khagrachhari

According to 2022 census, Marmas are third largest indigenous group in Khagrachhari District (10.39%).

They are the largest indigenous group in Guimara Upazila (38.10%) and second largest in Manikchhari Upazila (18.73%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Marma [8]
Guimara Upazila 20,293 38.10%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 5,924 21.82%
Manikchhari Upazila 14,431 18.73%
Mahalchhari Upazila 7,487 15.25%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 14,792 10.86%
Ramgarh Upazila 6,446 10.61%
Panchhari Upazila 2,143 3.12%
Matiranga Upazila 2,621 2.07%
Dighinala Upazila 73 0.06%

Religion

Religion in the Khagrachhari (2022)[8][9]
  1. Islam (46.6%)
  2. Buddhism (35.9%)
  3. Hinduism (16.8%)
  4. Christianity (0.62%)
  5. Other (0.10%)
Religion 1941[10]: 104–105 [a] 1981[7] 1991[7] 2001[7] 2011[7] 2022[11]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Tribal[b] 73,324 96.26% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Islam 712 0.94% 89,630 32.19% 162,504 47.44% 228,753 43.52% 274,258 44.18% 332,687 46.59%
Buddhism N/a N/a 139,166 49.98% 121,631 35.51% 206,473 39.28% 231,309 37.68% 256,600 35.93%
Hinduism 26,907 6.78% 48,160 17.30% 57,158 16.69% 86,351 16.43% 103,195 16.81% 119,706 16.76%
Christianity 0 0% 637 0.23% 939 0.27% 3745 0.71% 4,070 0.66% 4,407 0.62%
Others[c] 207 0.27% 868 0.30% 256 0.09% 342 0.06% 1,085 0.18% 719 0.10%
Total Population 76,171 100% 278,461 100% 342,488 100% 525,664 100% 613,917 100% 714,119 100%
Population by religion in Upazila
Upazila vMuslim Buddhist Christian Hindu Others
Dighinala Upazila 35.70 % 54.54 % 0.33% 9.41% 0.35%
Guimara Upazila 30.60% 46.74% 0.12% 22.51% 0.15%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 34.98% 38.50% 1.75% 24.76% 1.76%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 20.07% 77.73 % 0.13% 2.07% 0.13%
Mahalchhari Upazila 30.94% 61.67% 0.41% 6.93% 0.46%
Manikchhari Upazila 68.01 % 21.50 % 0.29% 10.15% 0.34%
Matiranga Upazila 73.94 % 5.58% 0.42% 19.73% 0.74%
Panchhari Upazila 30.78% 47.25% 0.50% 21.46% 0.60%
Ramgarh Upazila 65.48% 14.63 % 0.41% 19.16% 0.73%
Population by religion in Union
Upazila Union Muslim Buddhist Hindu Others
Khagrachhari Upazila Khagrachhari Paurashava 34,561 15,925 7,936 453
Bhaibonchhara Union 1,491 10,180 10,640 212
Golabari Union 5,869 4,701 4,454 73
Kamalchhari Union 4,204 10,020 1,158 293
Khagrachhari Union 1,202 5,399 3,642 61
Perachhara Union 286 6,187 5,883 344
Ramgarh Upazila Ramgarh Paurashava 20,829 2,296 4,793 287
Patachhara Union 8,068 3,729 4,550 142
Ramgarh Union 10,873 2,862 2,291 14
Dighinala Upazila Babuchhara Union 1,786 13,024 547 69
Boalkhali Union 6,809 9,271 5,473 142
Dighinala Union 395 14,408 36 27
Kabakhali Union 9,112 8,706 50 69
Merung Union 23,111 17,551 4,761 99
Guimara Upazila Guimara Union 4,457 6,328 7,470 33
Hafchhari Union 10,952 13,064 1,933 34
Sindukchhari Union 886 5,501 2,587 11
Lakkhichhari Upazila Barmachhari Union 61 6,653 99 18
Dulyatali Union 1,532 5,989 22 11
Lakkhichhari Union 3,855 8,461 440 7
Mahalchhari Upazila Kiyangghat Union 1,348 7,452 7 145
Mahalchhari Union 7,299 9,171 2,095 33
Maischhari Union 6,537 5,961 1,289 41
Mubachhari Union 2 7,682 11 3
Manikchhari Upazila Batnatali Union 10,011 3,746 1,370 0
Jogyachhola Union 9,093 1,709 2,412 238
Manikchhari Union 18,877 7,408 2,557 14
Tintahari Union 14,404 3,694 1,478 14
Matiranga Upazila Matiranga Paurashava 25,326 1,509 2,351 136
Amtali Union 6,957 15 2,559 95
Baranal Union 8,591 1,197 1,302 15
Belchhari Union 11,670 494 2,224 213
Gumti Union 10,894 7 2,809 206
Matiranga Union 1,166 1,020 11,547 177
Tabalchhari Union 17,518 1,120 1,311 14
Taindang Union 11,492 1,705 875 89
Panchhari Upazila Chengi Union 154 7,173 1,482 111
Latiban Union 67 5,224 4,822 146
Logang Union 2,472 6,866 3,068 13
Panchhari Union 11,378 9,938 3,260 42
Ultachhari Union 7,068 3,248 2,109 32


Largest Religion in Union and Municipality
Religion Union Municipality
Islam 18 3
Buddhism 17 0
Hinduism 3 0
Total 38 3

Islam

According to 2022 census, Islam is the largest religion in Khagrachhari district(46.59%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Islam
Matiranga Upazila 93,618 73.94%
Manikchhari Upazila 52,387 68.02%
Ramgarh Upazila 39,775 65.48%
Dighinala Upazila 41,217 35.70%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 47,620 34.98%
Mahalchhari Upazila 15,186 30.94%
Panchhari Upazila 21,141 30.78%
Guimara Upazila 16,295 30.60%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 5,448 20.07%

Buddhism

According to 2022 census, Buddhism is the second largest in Khagrachhari District(35.93%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Buddhism
Lakshmichhari Upazila, 21,103 77.73%
Mahalchhari Upazila 30,267 61.67%
Dighinala Upazila 62,960 54.54%
Panchhari Upazila 32,452 47.25%
Guimara Upazila 24,894 46.74%
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 52,412 38.50%
Manikchhari Upazila 16,557 21.50%
Ramgarh Upazila 8,887 14.63%
Matiranga Upazila 7,068 5.58%

Hinduism

According to 2022 census, Hinduism is third largest religion in Khagrachhari district(16.76%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Hinduism [8]
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 33713 24.76%
Guimara Upazila 11991 22.51%
Panchhari Upazila 14741 21.46%
Matiranga Upazila 24978 19.73%
Ramgarh Upazila 11636 19.16%
Manikchhari Upazila 7817 10.15%
Dighinala Upazila 10867 9.41%
Mahalchhari Upazila 3402 6.93%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 561 2.07%

Christianity

According to 2022 census, Christianity is the fourth largest religion in Khagrachhari district(0.62%).

Upazila Population Percentage of Christian [8]
Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila 2,380 1.75%
Panchhari Upazila 341 0.50%
Matiranga Upazila 536 0.42%
Mahalchhari Upazila 200 0.41%
Ramgarh Upazila 248 0.41%
Dighinala Upazila 380 0.33%
Manikchhari Upazila 221 0.29%
Lakshmichhari Upazila 36 0.13%
Guimara Upazila 65 0.12%

Subdivisions

Upazilas under this district are:

  1. Dighinala Upazila
  2. Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila
  3. Lakshmichhari Upazila
  4. Mahalchhari Upazila
  5. Manikchhari Upazila
  6. Matiranga Upazila
  7. Panchhari Upazila
  8. Ramgarh Upazila
  9. Guimara Upazila[12]

Administration

Khagrachhari district consist of 3 Paurashava, 9 Upazila/Thana, 38 Union, 122 Mauza, 27 Ward, 153 Mahalla and 1,702 Villages. The upazilas are Dighinala, Khagrachhari Sadar, Lakshmichhari, Mahalchhari, Manikchhari, Matiranga, Panchhari, Ramgarh and Guimara.

Deputy Commissioner (DC): Md. Shahiduzzaman[13]

Chairman of Hill District Council: Mr. Kongjari Chowdhury

Economy

Most of the people live on Jhum cultivation. There are also people of various professions like teacher, farmer and businessmen. Tourism is becoming a strong income source for the local.

Main sources of income Agriculture 59.92%, non-agricultural labourer 9.33%, industry 0.44%, commerce 10.67%, transport and communication 1.11%, service 7.94%, construction 0.92%, religious service 0.24%, rent and remittance 0.37% and others 9.06%.[14]

Education

Rate of school going student is 44.07%. There are 18 colleges, 71 high schools, 13 madrasa and different kinds of educational institutions.

Noted educational institutions:

  • Khagrachhari Government College (1974)
  • Matiranga Degree College (1992)
  • Tabalchari Greenhill College (2009)
  • Ramgarh Government Degree College (1980)
  • Panchhari College (1990)
  • Dighinala Government College
  • Khagrachhri Cantonmet public school and college (2006),
  • Panchhari High School and College (1981)
  • Khagrachhari Government High School (1957)
  • Tabalchhari Kadamtoli High School (1952)
  • Matiranga Pailot High school
  • Gomti B.K High school
  • Santipur High School
  • Amtoli High school
  • Taindong High School
  • Matiranga Girls High School
  • Khadachora High School
  • Bornal Moktizodha High School
  • Matiranga Reacidencial High School
  • Ramgarh Government High School (1952)
  • Rani Nihar Devi Government High School (1976)
  • Dighinala Government High School
  • Choto Merung High School (1975)
  • Thakurchara High School (1979)
  • Khagrachhari North Khobongpodia Government Primary School (1905)[15][16]

[17]

Archaeological heritage and relics

Among the archaeological heritages and relics, Rajbari of the Mong Circle and Dighi (large pond) of Dighinala (excavated by Gobinda Manikya Bahadur exiled king of Tripura) are notable.[18]

Transport

Palanquin, elephant cart, buffalo cart, horse carriage, bullock cart and country boat were the traditional transports once found in the rural area of the zila. These means of transport are either extinct or nearly extinct except country boat. Now-a-days, all the upazilas are connected to the zila headquarters by metalled roads. Bus, minibus, three wheelers, pickup van ply over the zila. Chander Gari (local four wheeled jeep) is a popular transport used to ply in the hill area of the zila.[18]

Climate

Temperature and Rainfall: The annual average temperature of the zila varies from maximum 34.6 °C to minimum 13 °C and the average annual rainfall is 3031 mm.

Member of Parliament

Election Member Party
1986 A. K. M. Alim Ullah Jatiya Party (Ershad)
1988 Jatiya Party (Ershad)
1991 Kalparanjan Chakma Bangladesh Awami League
1996 Bangladesh Awami League
2001 Wadud Bhuiyan Bangladesh Nationalist Party
2008 Jotindra Lal Tripura Bangladesh Awami League
2014 Kujendra Lal Tripura Bangladesh Awami League
2018 Bangladesh Awami League
2024 Bangladesh Awami League[19]

Notable persons

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ramgarh subdivision and Dighinala thana of erstwhile Chittagong Hill Tracts district, which roughly corresponds to the present district. District and tehsil borders have shifted since 1941.
  2. ^ 'Tribal' was used as a blanket term for religious traditions of all tribes, and many of these tribes followed a more mainstream religion.
  3. ^ Including Jainism, Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated

References

  1. ^ "খাগড়াছড়ি জেলা".
  2. ^ "List of Deputy Commissioners". Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  3. ^ "খাগড়াছড়ি জেলা".
  4. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. pp. viii, 29, 38, 45. ISBN 978-984-35-2977-0.
  5. ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  6. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report (PDF). Vol. 1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Khagrachhari" (PDF). bbs.gov.bd. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Population and Housing Census 2022 – District Report: Khagrachhari (PDF). District Series. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. June 2024. ISBN 978-984-475-245-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  9. ^ "Population Census 2022: A CHT demographic analysis – parbattanews : E..." 26 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  10. ^ "Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province" (PDF).
  11. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022 District Census Handbook: Khagrachhari (PDF). Vol. 1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. July 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  12. ^ "Guimara upazila office works from a room of the union parishad". The Business Standard. 10 November 2019.
  13. ^ খাগড়াছড়ির নতুন ডিসি প্রতাপ চন্দ্র বিশ্বাস. PaharBarta.com (in Bengali). Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  14. ^ Begum, M. E. A.; Miah, MA Monayem; Rashid, M. A.; Islam, M. T.; Hossain, M. I. (7 April 2019). "Economic analysis of turmeric cultivation: evidence from Khagrachari district". Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research. 44 (1): 43–58. doi:10.3329/bjar.v44i1.40902. ISSN 2408-8293.
  15. ^ "Khagrachari Government College". kgc-edu.gov.bd. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  16. ^ "Khagrachhari District". Banglapedia. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  17. ^ "মাটিরাঙ্গা উপজেলা".
  18. ^ a b "বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো".
  19. ^ "Who won and where: Check the map". The Business Standard. 7 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khagrachhari District.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.