Kalyke
Kalyke imaged by the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in December 2001 | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Scott S. Sheppard David C. Jewitt Yanga R. Fernandez Eugene A. Magnier |
| Discovery site | Mauna Kea Observatory |
| Discovery date | 23 November 2000 |
| Designations | |
Designation | Jupiter XXIII |
| Pronunciation | /ˈkæləkiː/[a] |
Named after | Καλύκη Kalykē |
| S/2000 J 2 | |
| Adjectives | Kalykean /kæləˈkiːən/ |
| Orbital characteristics[2] | |
| Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5) | |
| Observation arc | 24 years 2024-12-03 (last obs) |
| 0.1614179 AU (24,147,770 km) | |
| Eccentricity | 0.3028225 |
| −766.61 d | |
| 63.16063° | |
| 0° 28m 10.57s / day | |
| Inclination | 165.93730° (to ecliptic) |
| 132.43876° | |
| 323.78885° | |
| Satellite of | Jupiter |
| Group | Carme group |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 6.9±1.3 km[3] | |
| Albedo | 0.029±0.014[3] |
Spectral type | D[3] |
| 21.8[4] | |
| 15.4[2] | |
Kalyke /ˈkæləkiː/, also known as Jupiter XXIII, is a little retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter.
Discovery and Naming
It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaiʻi led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 J 2.[5][1]
It was named in October 2002 after the Greek mythological figure Kalyke or Calyce.[6]
Orbit
It orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,298,000 km in 726,70 days, at an inclination of 165° to the ecliptic, in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.2140. The orbital elements are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations.
It belongs to the Carme group, made up a tightly of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 22.7–23.5 million km, at an inclination of about 165°, and eccentricities between 0.24 and 0.28.
Physical characteristics
From infrared thermal measurements by the WISE spacecraft, Kalyke's albedo is measured at 2.9%, corresponding to a diameter of 6.9 kilometres,[3] making it one of the least reflective bodies in our solar system.
Kalyke appears red in the visible spectrum (B−V=0.94, V−R=0.70),[7] similar to D-type asteroids.[3]
Origin
Kalyke probably did not form near Jupiter but was captured by Jupiter later.Like the other members of the Carme group, which have similar orbits, Kalyke is probably the remnant of a broken, captured heliocentric asteroid.
However, Kalyke is redder in color than other moons of the Carme group, suggesting that it is a captured centaur or TNO, or a remnant of such an object that collided with the Carme group progenitor.[7]
Notes
- ^ as 'Calyce' in Webster, Noah (1884). A Practical Dictionary of the English Language.
References
- ^ a b MPEC 2001-A28: S/2000 J 2, S/2000 J 3, S/2000 J 4, S/2000 J 5, S/2000 J 6 2001 January 5 (discovery and ephemeris)
- ^ a b "M.P.C. 115890" (PDF). Minor Planet Circular. Minor Planet Center. 27 August 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Mainzer, A. K.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (August 2015). "NEOWISE: Observations of the Irregular Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn". The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 9. arXiv:1505.07820. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....3G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/3. S2CID 5834661. 3.
- ^ Sheppard, Scott. "Scott S. Sheppard - Jupiter Moons". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. Carnegie Institution for Science. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
- ^ IAUC 7555: Satellites of Jupiter Archived 2002-09-16 at the Wayback Machine 2001 January 5 (discovery)
- ^ IAUC 7998: Satellites of Jupiter 2002 October 22 (naming the moon)
- ^ a b Grav, Tommy; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; Aksnes, K. (2003). "Photometric survey of the irregular satellites". Icarus. 166 (1): 33−45. arXiv:astro-ph/0301016. Bibcode:2003Icar..166...33G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.005. S2CID 7793999.