John Kid
John Kid | |
|---|---|
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Kid or Kidd |
| Died | 14 August 1679 market-cross Edinburgh |
| Denomination | Church of Scotland |
John Kid (d. August 14, 1679) was a Scottish preacher who refused to follow the episcopal church of the King of England; he continued to preach as a Covenantor and was executed for treason in 1679.[1][2]
He was seized by Claverhouse among the insurgents after the Battle of Drumclog.[3] He was released by the insurgents but was recaptured three weeks later at the Battle of Bothwell Bridge with a sword in his belt.[4] Kid was taken to Edinburgh along with another preacher named John King. They were each subjected to torture, condemned to death, and executed for treason. Following his death Kid's head and limbs were displayed at the Netherbow Port on Edinburgh's Royal Mile; these were placed beside the skull of James Guthrie, another Covenanter who had been executed for treason 18 years earlier.[5][6]
Life
John Kid was a Presbyterian minister of the National Covenant of 1638 in opposition to reforms to the Church of Scotland proposed by King Charles I. Together with fellow Covenanter John King he was taken prisoner by government forces after the battle of Bothwell Bridge which took place on 22 June 1679.[7]
Kid was brought before the council on 9 July 1679, along with John King.[8] They pleaded that though found amongst the insurgents, they had taken no share in their proceedings, that they were in fact detained among them by force, that they had refused to preach to them, and, had seized the first opportunity of escaping before the battle. Howie said: "Whether he had ever been ordained, or was only a probationer, we have not discovered. If he was, it must have been shortly previous to the engagement at which he was taken, and his presence at which was deemed sufficient to infer the highest penalty. He was strictly examined as to the origin of the rising, and his answers not being satisfactory, he was questioned by torture with the boot. The torture revealled nothing. He was thereafter indicted, along with Mr. King, for having been in the rebellion, and for having preached at field conventicles."[9]
At their trial, on 28 July, they had claimed that they were conventicle preachers, but so far from being disloyal rebels, they advised the armed brethren to return 'to loyalty and Christianitie.' Kid further pleaded that Monmouth had given him quarter, and that he carried a short sword merely to disguise himself from being known as a preacher.[8][10]
Hanging and mutilation
Proclamation was made immediately before the execution of an indulgence to the ‘outed’ ministers, and Kid and King were pressed by Robert Fleming the elder, then a fellow-prisoner, to signify their approval of it, which they resolutely declined to do.[8][11] King and Kid were executed at the cross of Edinburgh on 14 August 1679. Following this, their heads and limbs being severed from their bodies and placed on the Nether Bow port.
Works
Kid's last speech on the scaffold was printed.[9][12]
References
- Citations
- ^ Hickes, George (1680). ""The spirit of popery speaking out of the mouths of phanatical-Protestants, or, The last speeches of Mr. John Kid and Mr. John King, two Presbyterian ministers, who were executed for high-treason and rebellion at Edinburgh, August the 14th, 1679 with animadversions, and the history of the Archbishop of St. Andrews his murder, extracted out of the registers of the Privy-Council, &c. / by an orthodox Protestant". University of Oxford. Retrieved 10 March 2026.
- ^ "King". Electric Scotland. Retrieved 10 March 2026.
- ^ Hewison 1913, p. 317.
- ^ Hewison 1913, 312.
- ^ Irving 1881, p. 256.
- ^ Rogers 1871, p. 40.
- ^ Hewison 1913, 317.
- ^ a b c Paton 1892.
- ^ a b Howie 1846.
- ^ Wodrow 1829, 132-136.
- ^ Veitch & Brysson 1825, 482.
- ^ Tutchin 1873.
- Other sources
- Airy, Osmund, ed. (1885). The Lauderdale Papers. Vol. 3 (1673-1689). London: John Bowyer Nichols and Son. pp. 176-177.
- Anderson, William (1877). "The Rev. John King". The Scottish nation: or, The surnames, families, literature, honours, and biographical history of the people of Scotland. Vol. 2. A. Fullarton & co. pp. 607. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Brown, P. Hume, ed. (1912). The register of the Privy Council of Scotland. 3. Vol. 6 1678/1680. Edinburgh: Published By The Authority Of The Lords Commissioners Of His Majesty's Treasury, Under The Direction Of The Deputy Clerk Register Of Scotland. H.M. General Register House. pp. 296 et passim.
- Brown, James (1867). The epitaphs and monumental inscriptions in Greyfriars Churchyard, Edinburgh. Collected by James Brown ... with an introd. and notes. Edinburgh: J. M. Miller. p. liii.
- Bryce, William Moir (1912). History of the Old Greyfriars' Church Edinburgh. Edinburgh: William Green and Sons. p. 114.
- Callow, John. "King, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/15573. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
- Crookshank, William (1812a). The history of the state and sufferings of the Church of Scotland, from the Restoration to the Revolution. With an introd., containing the most remarkable occurrences relating to that Church from the Reformation. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Thomas Turnbull. p. 7.
- Crookshank, William (1812b). The history of the state and sufferings of the Church of Scotland, from the Restoration to the Revolution. With an introd., containing the most remarkable occurrences relating to that Church from the Reformation. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: Thomas Turnbull. pp. 13 et passim.
- Fairley, John A. (1913). Extracts from the Records of the Old Tolbooth from The book of the Old Edinburgh Club. Vol. 6. Edinburgh : The Club. p. 135.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - Fountainhall, Lord (1848). Laing, David (ed.). Historical Notices of Scotish Affairs: Selected from the Manuscripts of Sir John Lauder of Fountainhall. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: T. Constable, printer to Her Majesty. pp. 228 et passim.
- Hewison, James King (1913). The Covenanters. Vol. 2. Glasgow: John Smith and son. pp. 317-318. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Howie, John, ed. (1846). The Last Words and Dying Testimonies of the Scots Worthies, containing The Cloud of Witnesses for the Royal Prerogatives of Jesus Christ, being the last speeches and testimonies of those who suffered for the truth in Scotland, since the year 1680; and Naphtali, or the wrestlings of the Church Of Scotland for The Kingdom Of Christ, together with Other Testimonies Collated From Memoirs of The Lives Of The Worthies, and other valuable historical documents only to be found in old published collections and original manuscripts. Glasgow: W. R. M'Phun. pp. 192-200.
- Howie, John (1870). "Mssrs John Kid and John King". In Carslaw, W. H. (ed.). The Scots worthies. Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson, & Ferrier. pp. 409–411. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Irving, Joseph (1881). The book of Scotsmen eminent for achievements in arms and arts, church and state, law, legislation, and literature, commerce, science, travel, and philanthropy. Paisley: A. Gardner. p. 256. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Johnston, John C. (1887). Treasury of the Scottish covenant. Andrew Elliot. pp. 348, 375, 597.
- M'Crie, Thomas (1857). M'Crie, Thomas (ed.). Works of Thomas M'Crie, D.D. Volume 4: review of "Tales of my Landlord". Vol. 4. Edinburgh: William Blackwood & sons. pp. 5-128 (72, 119).
- M'Crie, Thomas (1846). Sketches of Scottish church history : embracing the period from the Reformation to the Revolution. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: J. Johnstone. pp. 175-177. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Paton, Henry (1892). "King, John (d.1679)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 31. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 139–140. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Shields, Michael; Howie, John (1780). Faithful Contendings Displayed. printed by John Bryce. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Reid, Alexander (1822). Prentice, Archibald (ed.). Life of Alexander Reid, a Scotish covenanter. Manchester: printed by J. Garnett. p. 26.
- Rogers, Charles (1871). Monuments and monumental inscriptions in Scotland. Vol. 2. London: Grampian Club. p. 40.
- Simpson, Robert (1856). A voice from the desert : or, the church in the wilderness. Edinburgh: Johnstone and Hunter. pp. 54-65.
- Smellie, Alexander (1903). Men of the Covenant: the story of the Scottish church in the years of the Persecution (2 ed.). New York: Fleming H. Revell Co. p. 251.
- Thomson, John Henderson (1871). A cloud of witnesses, for the royal prerogatives of Jesus Christ : being the last speeches and testimonies of those who have suffered for the truth in Scotland, since the year 1680. Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson, & Ferrier. pp. 183, 260, 296, 344, 423.
- Thomson, J. H. (1903). Hutchison, Matthew (ed.). The martyr graves of Scotland. Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier. p. 285 28-29,33,46. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Tutchin, John (1873). The western martyrology (5 ed.). London: J. Blackwood & co. pp. 182-186.
- Veitch, William; Brysson, George (1825). M'Crie, Thomas (ed.). Memoirs of Mr. William Veitch, and George Brysson. Edinburgh; London: W. Blackwood; T. Cadell. pp. 462, 482.
- Walker, Patrick (1827). Biographia Presbyteriana. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: D. Speare. pp. xx et passim.
- Walker, Patrick (1901). Fleming, David Hay (ed.). Six saints of the Covenant : Peden: Semple: Welwood: Cameron: Cargill: Smith. Vol. 1. London : Hodder and Stoughton. p. 23 et passim.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - Wodrow, Robert (1829). Burns, Robert (ed.). The history of the sufferings of the church of Scotland from the restoration to the revolution, with an original memoir of the author, extracts from his correspondence, and preliminary dissertation and notes, in four volumes. Vol. 3. Glasgow: Blackie Fullerton & Co.
- Wodrow, Robert (1835). Burns, Robert (ed.). The history of the sufferings of the church of Scotland from the restoration to the revolution, with an original memoir of the author, extracts from his correspondence, and preliminary dissertation and notes, in four volumes. Vol. 4. Glasgow: Blackie Fullerton & Co. pp. 244.
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Paton, Henry (1892). "King, John (d.1679)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 31. London: Smith, Elder & Co.