Jeremiah Hill (merchant)

Jeremiah Hill
Died1810 (1811)
Bristol, England, United Kingdom
OccupationMerchant
Known forMerchant and landowner linked to the Atlantic slave trade
SpouseMaria Partridge

Jeremiah Hill (died 1810) was an English merchant in Bristol and landowner. He was Warden of the Society of Merchant Venturers in 1773, and Master in 1785.[1][2] Three of his female descendants married into leading Bristol commercial families, Daniel, Miles and Tyndall, linked to the Atlantic slave trade.

Life

Hill was in business with the sons of William Reeve (died 1779), a Bristol Quaker copper smelter and brass founder who was also a slave-trader.[3][4][5] They were active in particular in controlling in 1769 a sugar plantation in Trinity Palmetto Point Parish, Saint Kitts, with sugar going to Reeve & Co. in Bristol.[6] The partnership suffered bankruptcy in 1774.[7] A final dividend from this partnership was paid out in 1791.[8]

In 1775 Hill was living at 11 Old Market, Bristol. He had an office at Castle Ditch.[9] He took on in 1779 John Barrow as an apprentice, who was a great-uncle on his mother Elizabeth Dickens's side of Charles Dickens.[10] The firm Jeremiah Hill, Sons & Co. was set up., with Hill having as partners Barrow, Jeremiah Hill junior and Charles Hill, and Robert Vinier. It was dissolved in 1808, by the effluxion of time.[11][12]

Down House

Jeremiah Hill's residence, Down House, was a Georgian mansion built on the site of the Ostrich Inn, in the Clifton area and outside the limits of the city of Bristol.[13] It was located on Durdham Down, and the Inn during the 18th century had a fashionable cockpit.[14]

Family

Hill married Maria Partridge.[15] She died at Down House in 1820.[16]

His residuary heir was Jeremiah Hill, junior, who married in 1822 Frances Daniel, daughter of Thomas Daniel of Bristol, and had four children.[4][17][18] Thomas Daniel transferred a share in the Bristol Institution to him, in 1827.[19] He was High Sheriff of Bristol in 1842.[20] He was the father of the Rev. Charles Gray Hill (1823–1894).[21] His daughter Maria Susannah married in 1853 Charles William Miles, at which time he was living at Henbury.[22] He was a collector of works related to Bristol, including a manuscript by Thomas Chatterton. Frances Hill outlived him by 45 years, residing at Henbury House.[23]

Other sons mentioned in the will were Charles, who had a daughter Caroline Chichester, and Thomas married to Ann, with four children plus two sons born out of wedlock.[4]

The son Charles John Hill (1798–1867) became lieutenant-colonel in the 7th Hussars. He was too young to be the Charles Hill of Hill & Sons, or the Charles Hill of the will. The death registration (Doncaster 1867 Q3, age 69) is for John Charles Hill.[24] He married in 1836 Frances Charlotte Arabella Lumley-Saville, sister of Richard George Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough;[15][25] what Walford says in 1864 about his being the eldest son appears inconsistent, but the usage might mean "eldest surviving".[15] He died in 1867 at Tickhill Castle.[25] A Charles Hill had had copied (in 1829) and preserved letters of Anne Murray Keith to his father Jeremiah Hill.[26]

Of the daughters:

  • A daughter died in 1786.[27]
  • Mary Sybella, called the eldest daughter (died 1822 aged 31, so born 1790/1) married in 1812 Thomas Tyndall (1787–1841) of the Fort, grandson of Thomas Tyndall.[28][29]
  • Elizabeth (1792–1883), married in 1824 as his second wife Thomas Grove (1783–1845), and had two daughters.[30][31] Of the daughters, Mary married Cospatrick Baillie-Hamilton (1817–1892) RN CB.[32][33]

Legacy

In 1816/7 Christopher Bethell-Codrington purchased estates from Jeremiah Hill junior near Wapley, and in other Gloucester parishes, for £45,000.[34][35]

Down House was put on the market, with 13 acres (5.3 ha), by Jeremiah Hill junior in 1822.[36] By 1825, it belonged to the barrister Ebenezer Ludlow (1777–1851).[13][37] He was an agent for Henry Somerset, 6th Duke of Beaufort, a Tory political candidate, and from 1819 Town Clerk of Bristol.[38][39] In a remote location, its postal address seems to have been moot. In 1824, the diary of Charlotte Grove Downes recorded the marriage of Elizabeth Hill to her brother Thomas as from Almondsbury;[40] and Ludlow in 1844 gave Almondsbury as his seat.[41] The house was on 1870s maps, but later was demolished.[13] At that period, the carriage road that led from it across Durdham Down to the main road was closed and turfed over.[42]

Notes

  1. ^ Nicholls, James Fawckner; Taylor, John (1882). Bristol Past and Present: Civil and modern history [by Nicholls. J.W. Arrowsmith. p. 208.
  2. ^ Latimer, John (1893). The Annals of Bristol in the Eighteenth Century. author. p. 537.
  3. ^ "William Reeve ???? - 1779, Legacies of British Slavery". ucl.ac.uk/lbs.
  4. ^ a b c "Jeremiah Hill senior of Bristol ???? - 1810, Legacies of British Slavery". ucl.ac.uk/lbs.
  5. ^ Dresser, Madge (6 October 2016). Slavery Obscured: The Social History of the Slave Trade in an English Provincial Port. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-4742-9170-5.
  6. ^ "DM58 - Pinney Family Papers: Documents relating to estates in Trinity Palmetto Point, St John Capisterre, and St Paul Capisterre in St Kitts". archives.bristol.ac.uk.
  7. ^ "Bankrupt". Kentish Gazette. 19 January 1774. p. 3.
  8. ^ "No. 13318". The London Gazette. 18 June 1791. p. 366.
  9. ^ Barry, Jonathan, ed. (2012). The Diary of William Dyer: Bristol in 1762. Bristol Record Society. p. 64 note 132.
  10. ^ The Dickensian. Vol. 46–48. Dickens Fellowship. 1949. p. 36.
  11. ^ "Jeremiah Hill, Sons & Co., Legacies of British Slavery". ucl.ac.uk/lbs.
  12. ^ "No. 16203". The London Gazette. 22 November 1808. p. 1600.
  13. ^ a b c Beeson, Anthony (15 February 2014). North Bristol Seamills, Stoke Bishop, Sneyd Park & Henleaze Through Time. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-4456-1565-3.
  14. ^ Latimer, John (1893). The Annals of Bristol in the Eighteenth Century. author. p. 25.
  15. ^ a b c Walford, Edward (1864). The County Families of the United Kingdom (2nd ed.). Piccadilly, London: Robert Hardwicke. p. 501.
  16. ^ The Monthly Magazine: Or, British Register. 1820. p. 388.
  17. ^ The Monthly Magazine, Or, British Register. R. Phillips. 1822. p. 476.
  18. ^ Crisp, Frederick Arthur, ed. (1921). Visitation of England and Wales. Vol. 21. London: Privately printed. p. 68.
  19. ^ Neve, Michael Raymond (1984). "Natural philosophy, medicine and the culture of science in provincial England: the cases of Bristol, 1790-1850" (PDF). discovery.ucl.ac.uk. University College London. p. 396.
  20. ^ Spear, H.J.; Arrowsmith, J. W., eds. (1884). Arrowsmith's Dictionary of Bristol. p. 254.
  21. ^ "Hill, Charles Gray (HL841CG)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  22. ^ "Mrs. Charles William Miles". Life. 4 April 1893. p. 10.
  23. ^ The Connoisseur. Vol. 184. National Magazine Company. 1973. p. 10.
  24. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 13 December 2025.
  25. ^ a b "Lieutenant-Colonel Hill". Illustrated London News. 7 September 1867. p. 22.
  26. ^ "Copies of letters, 1769-1808, of Ann Murray Keith addressed to Jeremiah Hill, a Bristol merchant. Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue". manuscripts.nls.uk.
  27. ^ Wynne, John Huddlestone (1786). The Lady's Magazine. Robinson and Roberts. p. 559.
  28. ^ Greenfield, Benjamin Wyatt (1878). Notes Relating to the Family of Tyndale of Stinchcombe and Nibley in Gloucestershire: Being the Result of an Attempt to Discover the Parentage of William Tyndale Alias Huchyns, Translator of the New Testament and Martyr. Wardour Street, London: Mitchell & Hughes. p. 50.
  29. ^ Cave, Charles Henry (1899). A History of Banking in Bristol from 1750 to 1899: Containing Numerous Portraits, Reproductions of Notes, Etc. Priv. print., W. C. Hemmons. p. 248.
  30. ^ Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1880. p. 565.
  31. ^ Lane, John; Kay, Valerie Lane (2009). The Diaries of Charlotte Downes. Vol. I (2nd ed.). p. xv. ISBN 9780955722660.
  32. ^ Crisp, F. A., ed. (1883). Fragmenta genealogica. p. 280.
  33. ^ Debrett, John (1896). Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage. Dean and Son. p. 361.
  34. ^ Oliver, V. Langford (1894). The history of the island of Antigua. Vol. I. Рипол Классик. p. 172. ISBN 978-5-87196-094-3. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  35. ^ Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. Bristol: The Society. 1898. p. 337 note 1.
  36. ^ "Durdham Down, near Clifton: Highly Desirable Family Residence". Bristol Mirror. 21 September 1822. p. 1.
  37. ^ Burke, Bernard (1886). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Harrison. p. 889.
  38. ^ "Bridgnorth 1820-1832, History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org.
  39. ^ Latimer, John (1887). The Annals of Bristol in the Nineteenth Century. W. & F. Morgan. p. 85.
  40. ^ Hawkins, Desmond (1995). The Grove Diaries: The Rise and Fall of an English Family, 1809-1925. University of Delaware Press. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-87413-600-5.
  41. ^ "Deed of exchange of lands called the Paddock, the Orchard, and part of Sea Walls, Henbury". Bristol Archives online catalogue.
  42. ^ Latimer, John (1887). The annals of Bristol in the nineteenth century. Bristol: W. & F. Morgan. p. 319.
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