Ceroplastes japonicus

Ceroplastes japonicus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
Family: Coccidae
Genus: Ceroplastes
Species:
C. japonicus
Binomial name
Ceroplastes japonicus
Green, 1921
Synonyms[1]
  • Ceroplastes floridensis japonicus
  • Ceroplastes floridensis var. japonicus

Ceroplastes japonicus, also known as the Japanese wax scale or tortoise wax scale,[1] is a scale insect belonging to the family Coccidae.[2] It is native to East Asia but has spread and became a pest in Europe and West Asia.

Description

Eggs of Ceroplastes japonicus are smaller than 0.5 millimeters (0.020 in).[3]

Juveniles anchor themselves into plants,[4] though are mobile for a few days after hatching.[3]

Adults are around 1.75 to 4.2 millimeters (0.069 to 0.165 in) in length and gray or pink-white in color.[4]

The insects produce a distinctive smell, produced by butyric acid, linalool, vanillin, 2-methylbutyric acid, and 3-methylbutyric acid.[5]

Life history

Ceroplastes japonicus have one generation per year.[3][4] Eggs are laid in May to July and hatch from June to August.[3] The insects become adults around mid-October or September in Russia.[3] The mating season lasts until late-October.[3] Adult males are generally short-lived and die after mating while females are capable of overwintering.[3][4]

Distribution

Ceroplastes japonicus is native to East Asia.[3] They were accidentally spread in Europe and Western Asia, spreading throughout several nations.[3] Ceroplastes japonicus specimens have also been reported in the United States and the United Kingdom, but do not have an established population.[3][4] They are a pest to ornamental plants in Northern and Central Italy and Zhejiang and agricultural plants in Georgia and Southern Russia.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b "Ceroplastes japonicus" (PDF). Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey. Purdue University. September 25, 2025. Retrieved May 15, 2026.
  2. ^ "Ceroplastes japonicus Green, 1921 (Coccidae: Ceroplastes)". scalenet.info. Retrieved April 18, 2026.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Ceroplastes japonicus" (PDF). Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey. Purdue University. December 23, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2026.
  4. ^ a b c d e "JAPANESE WAX SCALE (Ceroplastes japonicus)" (PDF). Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. November 14, 2024. Retrieved April 18, 2026.
  5. ^ Sakurai, Kazutoshi; Tomiyama, Kenichi; Yaguchi, Yoshihiro; Asakawa, Yoshinori (2020). "The characteristic smell emitted from two scale insects, Ceroplastes japonicus and Ceroplastes rubens". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 84 (8): 1541–1545. doi:10.1080/09168451.2020.1763156. ISSN 1347-6947. PMID 32419623.