International Straits Commission

The International Straits Commission was an international agency that, under the auspices of the League of Nations, managed the Turkish Straits (the Dardanelles and Bosphorus) from 1923 to 1936.[2] The commission, chaired by Lord Curzon, first met on 4 December 1922.[3] It had representatives from France, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.[4]

In the aftermath of World War I and the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres, the Straits were demilitarized and internationalized. In 1923 the Treaty of Lausanne revised the terms of Sevres, and restored Turkish sovereignty, but the Straits remained open to unrestricted civilian and military traffic, under the auspices of the International Straits Commission, headed by a Turkish national. This status remained until the 1936 Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits, which abolished the Commission and gave full control to Turkey, which was allowed to remilitarize the Straits and forbid traffic to belligerent countries, while restrictions were placed on the passage of warships.

Sources

  1. ^ İstikbal, Cahit (May 2018) (Turkish). "Boğazda kaza ve Montrö'yü savunmak". "[Accident in the Bosphorus and defending Montreux]". #tarih (48): 22. ISSN 2148-547X.
  2. ^ DeLuca, Anthony R. (1981). Great power rivalry at the Turkish Straits: The Montreux Conference and Convention of 1936. East European Quarterly.
  3. ^ A. L. Macfie, "The straits question: the conference of Lausanne (November 1922–July 1923)," Middle Eastern Studies 15.2 (1979): 211–238.
  4. ^ Arthur Viorel Tulus, "Nicolae Titulescu's position on the international regime of waterways: The International Straits Commission versus the European Commission of the Danube," Danubius 35.2 (2017): 117–132, at 124.

Further reading

  • Papuççular, Hazal. (2023) "Contested Sovereignties: Turkish Diplomacy, the Straits Commission, and the League of Nations (1924–1936)." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies '25(2): 207–221.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.