Ibn Humayd al-Najdi
Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn Ḥumayd محمد بن عبد الله بن حميد | |
|---|---|
| Personal life | |
| Born | Year unknown |
| Died | 1878 |
| Era | Early modern period (Early Saudi era) |
| Region | Najd, Arabian Peninsula |
| Main interest(s) | |
| Notable work(s) | Al-Suḥub al-Wābilah ʿAlā Ḍarāʾiḥ al-Ḥanābilah |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Ḥanbalī |
| Creed | Atharī[1] |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn Ḥumayd (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الله بن حميد; died 1878) known simply as Ibn Ḥumayd al-Najdī was a Muslim scholar of the Hanbali school of thought. He was the head representative and Mufti of the Hanbalis in Mecca during Ottoman rule and was a staunch opponent of Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab and the Wahhabi movement. Ibn Humayd is best known for his biographical work regarding the early Hanbali scholars.
Biography
Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn Humayd was born in the city of Unaizah in the region of Najd.[2][3] He studied under several teachers throughout the Arabian Peninsula, which included the Qadi (Islamic judge) of Mecca, Aba Butayn.[3] He also had several travels in Egypt and Iraq to study and seek knowledge.[2][3] At some point in his lifetime, he was appointed as the Mufti of the Hanbali school of thought, serving in Mecca during Ottoman rule.[4] Ibn Humayd al-Najdi died in 1878 and was buried in the cemetery behind the Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque in Taif.[3][4]
Opposition to Wahhabism
Ibn Humayd al-Najdi opposed the Wahhabi movement which was slowly emerging during his time.[5][6] He strongly condemned Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab and refused to write a biography of him in his work, Al-Suḥub al-Wābilah.[7] However, his condemnation of the infamous scholar was largely due to the fact that some of the Wahhabi movement used extreme violence to spread their teachings widely, giving an example of an incident where Sulayman ibn Abdul Wahhab was threatened by Wahhabi swordsmen.[7] In terms of creedal matters and fiqh, however, Ibn Humayd was in agreement with Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab, and even praised one of the Wahhabi scholars of the time, Aba Butayn, who was also his teacher.[7]
Works
Ibn Humayd wrote several works on the Hanbali school of thought, such as Al-Suḥub al-Wābilah ʿAlā Ḍarāʾiḥ al-Ḥanābilah, a compilation of biographies of past Hanbali scholars from the times of Ahmad ibn Hanbal to contemporary times which is also considered his best work.[2][3][4] He also wrote an annotated version of the Sharḥ Muntaha al-Irādāt, a treatise on Hanbali doctrinal issues that was originally written by the Hanbali scholar Taqi' al-Din Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Aziz al-Futuhi al-Misri.[8]
List of works
- Al-Suḥub al-Wābilah ʿAlā Ḍarāʾiḥ al-Ḥanābilah
- Ḥāshiyat Ibn Ḥumayd ʿalā Sharḥ Muntahā al-Irādāt li-l-Buhūtī[8]
See also
References
- ^ Abdul Rahman al-Bassam (1999). ʿUlamāʾ Najd khilāl thamāniyat qurūn [Scholars of Najd from over eight centuries] (in Arabic) (2 ed.). Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Asimah.
- ^ a b c Al-Zirikli (2002). Al-A'lām [Eminent Personalities] (in Arabic). Vol. 6 (15 ed.). Lebanon: Dar al-'Ilm lil-Malayin.
- ^ a b c d e Abdul Rahman al-Bassam (1999). ʿUlamāʾ Najd khilāl thamāniyat qurūn [Scholars of Najd from over eight centuries] (in Arabic) (2 ed.). Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Asimah.
- ^ a b c Kattānī, ‘Abd al-Ḥayy ibn ‘Abd al-Kabīr (1982). Fihris al-fahāris wa-al-athbāt wa-mu‘jam al-ma‘ājim wa-al-mashyakhāt wa-al-musalsalāt [The Index to All Indexes; Dictionary of Proofs and Sheikhdoms] (in Arabic) (2 ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī.
- ^ Muṣṭafā Ḥamdū ʿUlayyān (2014). El-Hanabile ve İhtilafihim Ma'a'-Selefiyyetü'l-Muasıra [The Hanbalis, And Their Differences with Contemporary Salafism] (in Arabic). Cairo, Egypt: Al-Azhar University. p. 157–159.
- ^ Commins, David (2005). "Traditional Anti-Wahhabi Hanbalism in Nineteenth-Century Arabia". In Weismann, Itzchak; Zachs, Fruma (eds.). Ottoman Reform and Muslim Regeneration: Studies in Honour of Butrus Abu-Manneh. Library of Ottoman studies. Vol. 8. New York: I.B. Tauris. doi:10.5040/9780755612321.ch-005. ISBN 978-0-8577-1538-8. OCLC 470114904.
- ^ a b c Ibn Humayd (1996). Bakr ibn 'Abdullah Abu Zayyd; 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Sulayman al-'Uthayymin (eds.). Al-Suḥub al-Wābilah ʿAlā Ḍarāʾiḥ al-Ḥanābilah [The Rain Clouds over the Graves of the Hanbalis] (in Arabic). Vol. 1. Beirut: Mu'asasat al-Risala – via The Internet Archive.
- ^ a b Muḥammad ibn Abdullāh ibn Ḥumayd (2012). Saʿd ibn Murayshid al-ʿUtaibī (ed.). Ḥāshiyat Ibn Ḥumayd ʿalā Sharḥ Muntahā al-Irādāt li-l-Buhūtī [The Commentary of Ibn Humayd on Sharḥ Muntaha al-Irādāt] (in Arabic). Kuwait: Lata'if Publishing of Books and Scientific Theses – via The Internet Archive.