I'm Every Woman (Whitney Houston recording)

"I'm Every Woman"
Standard artwork (U.S. edition)
Single by Whitney Houston
from the album The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album
B-side"Who Do You Love"
ReleasedJanuary 2, 1993 (1993-01-02)
RecordedAugust–October 1992[1]
StudioTarpan (San Rafael)
Ocean Way (Los Angeles)
Genre
Length4:47
LabelArista
Songwriters
Producers
Whitney Houston singles chronology
"I Will Always Love You"
(1992) 		"I'm Every Woman"
(1993) 		"I Have Nothing"
(1993)
Music video
"I'm Every Woman" on YouTube

"I'm Every Woman" is a song recorded by American singer Whitney Houston. It is a cover of the original song written by Ashford & Simpson and recorded by Chaka Khan. Houston's rendition was produced by Narada Michael Walden, with additional production by David Cole and Robert Clivillés from C+C Music Factory for the soundtrack to Houston's debut feature film The Bodyguard (1992). It was released as the second single from the soundtrack after "I Will Always Love You" on January 2, 1993.

Houston's version was an immediate hit upon its release, peaking at number four on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Cashbox top singles chart in the United States, while also reaching the top five of the Billboard R&B charts and topped the Hot Dance Club Songs chart. It also became a global hit, reaching the top ten in fourteen other countries including Canada, the UK, Ireland, Denmark and the Netherlands.

Its top five placement in the United States as "I Will Always Love You" continued to top the charts there resulted in Houston being the first artist since Madonna to place two songs inside the top five simultaneously. It would also be one of three Houston songs that simultaneously charted inside the top twenty, making Houston the first female artist to do so in Billboard history and also the first artist of the Nielsen Soundscan era to accomplish this milestone.

The song earned Houston a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 36th Annual Grammy Awards, eventually losing out to Toni Braxton's "Another Sad Love Song" and is notable as the only Grammy loss Houston received that year out of four nominations. The music video for the song, directed by Randee St. Nicholas, later won Houston an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video in 1994. A live performance of "I'm Every Woman" was included in the 1999 release Divas Live '99 as a duet with Khan. A 1994 performance was included on the 2014 CD and DVD release, Whitney Houston Live: Her Greatest Performances.[3]

Like most of Houston's hits, it has been placed in retrospective best-of lists, including Pitchfork, which listed the song as one of the 250 greatest songs released in the 1990s.

Background and recording

As a teenager, Houston began her early career in music as a session vocalist.[4][5] In 1979, a sixteen-year-old Houston was paid $60 to sing background for American funk singer Chaka Khan on the songs "Clouds" and "Our Love's in Danger" on Khan's sophomore solo album, Naughty, which was released in March 1980.[6] "Clouds" was written by the husband-and-wife team of Ashford & Simpson and became a Billboard R&B hit, reaching number ten on what was then called the Hot Soul Singles chart.[7]

Houston had grown up listening to Khan's music as a child and later cited her as one of her musical inspirations.[8] According to Houston's friend and assistant Robyn Crawford, the singer had aspired to cover Khan's songs.[9] Following her initial rise to stardom in the 1980s, Houston often covered the artist's "Sweet Thing" in concert performances and during rehearsals.[10]

In 1991, Houston began filming her first leading role in a feature film, The Bodyguard.[11] After initial issues concerning the music was straightened out between the film's producers—which included film co-star Kevin Costner, Houston began picking out songs assembled by the film's musical supervisor Maureen Crowe.[12]

In her early career, Houston's label and its president, Clive Davis, had been the ones to handpick songs for Houston to record. By 1990, however, Houston aspired for more creative control of her career. That year, she became the executive producer of her third album, I'm Your Baby Tonight.[13]

Houston retained creative control for the soundtrack, having recorded five songs, with her rendition of "I Will Always Love You" being the penultimate song. Houston decided at the last minute to record a sixth song. According to Crawford, she reminded the singer of wanting to cover Khan to which Houston then decided to do a rendition of Khan's 1978 hit, "I'm Every Woman".[6][14]

Houston personally called longtime collaborator and producer Narada Michael Walden to produce the track.[15] Walden recorded the original instrumental track at his Tarpan studio in San Rafael, California. Houston recorded her vocals at Ocean Way Recording in Los Angeles in mid-October 1992, the same studio where months before, she laid down her vocal for the studio rendition of "I Will Always Love You".[16]

Walden later wrote that he was nervous on how to approach the song since Khan's had been a huge hit. Houston and Walden decided to begin the song with a soul ballad intro to differ from the original and make Houston's rendition more contemporary ("Whatever you want, whatever you need...").[17] According to Walden, Houston, who had just married singer Bobby Brown that summer, was "nearly five months pregnant" with her daughter Bobbi Kristina Brown when they recorded the song.[17]

Walden noted that since Houston picked the song rather than Clive Davis that the singer "really threw herself into the recording and had a definite idea of how she wanted to turn it out."[16] Walden also noted how happy Houston was during the recording, inspired by her then recent marriage to Brown.[18] Houston recorded the entire track in just three hours.[16] David Cole and Robert Clivillés of the dance group C+C Music Factory and part of the production team, Clivillés and Cole, remixed the track.[19]

According to the sheet music provided by Hal Leonard Music Publishing, the arrangement by Houston, Walden and Clivillés and Cole played mainly in the keys of A-flat major and C minor, starting off with the tempo of "slowly" before switching to a dance beat tempo at 120 beats per minute.[20] Houston's vocal range spanned from B♭3 to G♭5.[21]

Contrary to popular belief, Houston did not perform backing vocals on Khan's original 1978 version. Chaka Khan confirmed this in an interview with Lester Holt in 2012.[22][6] As a tribute to Khan, Houston proclaims Khan's name towards the end of the song.[16]

Release

Commercial performance

When "I'm Every Woman" was released, Houston's preceding single, "I Will Always Love You," was still at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 (it remained there for eight more weeks). Immediately a week after its official release, the song debuted at number 66 for the week of January 9, 1993.[23] In its sixth week on the chart, the song entered the top ten.[24] The following week, February 20, the song climbed to its peak position of number four.[25] In accomplishing this feat, Houston became the first artist since Madonna in April 1985 to land multiple songs inside the top five of the Billboard Hot 100.[26] Houston was also the seventh overall artist to accomplish this feat after Madonna, Elvis Presley, the Beatles, Bee Gees, Donna Summer and Michael Jackson preceded her.

On March 13, Houston became the first artist of the Nielsen Soundscan era to chart three songs simultaneously inside the top 20 of the Billboard Hot 100 after "I'm Every Woman" and "I Will Always Love You" were joined by the third Bodyguard single, "I Have Nothing" at number 11 while the former two tracks were numbers 5 and 7 respectively.[27] "I'm Every Woman" would remain inside the top ten for eight weeks and inside the top 40 for 19 weeks, eventually spending a total of 23 weeks altogether.

On the Hot R&B Singles chart, the song joined "I Will Always Love You" inside the top ten at number 10 on February 20.[28] The song reached its peak position of number five on February 27.[29] Like inside the Hot 100, the track would stay inside the top ten for eight weeks.[30]

After entering the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart at number 48 on January 23, 1993,[31] it reached number one on the chart on March 6, replacing "Mr. Wendal" by Arrested Development, marking Houston's fourth number-one single on the dance chart where it stayed for two weeks and became her first chart-topper on the chart since "Love Will Save the Day" topped the chart in August 1988.[32][33]

Despite it being an uptempo single, the song crossed over to adult contemporary radio, reaching the top 30 of the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks where it peaked at number 26 for the week of February 13, 1993, spending 14 weeks on the chart.[34]

On the US Cash Box charts, the song was even more successful, reaching number one on both its Top 100 Singles chart and the R&B Singles chart. It was Houston's tenth number one single on the former chart. In Canada, the song reached number two.

Outside North America, the song was a huge global hit. It reached number 6 on the Eurochart Hot 100. The dance song reached the top ten in 12 individual European countries, reaching number 2 in Belgium, number 3 in Spain and the Netherlands' Dutch Top 40, number 4 in the UK, Ireland, the Netherlands' Single Top 100 and Portugal, number 5 in Denmark, number 6 in Italy, number 7 in Sweden and Greece, number 8 in Iceland and number 10 in Finland. In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, it reached the top 20. In Oceania, the song reached higher positions than in Khan's version, peaking at number 5 in New Zealand and number 11 in Australia.

Critical reception

AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised Houston's cover version of "I'm Every Woman", stating that it's a "first-rate" urban pop song "that skillfully capture[s] Houston at her best."[35] Upon the release, Larry Flick from Billboard magazine wrote, "Utilizing the original version's instantly recognizable vocal arrangement, Houston belts with unbridled confidence and power."[36] Randy Clark from Cash Box named it a "dance-inspired tune", noting its "discotheque feel and obvious dance floor appeal. Although Whitney is the strongest aspect of this song, the combination of her voice and the house jam should launch this track high onto various charts and playlists alike."[2] Entertainment Weekly's Amy Linden praised the cover as "triumphant". She explained, "To take on another diva's material requires the female equivalent of cojones, and Houston (wisely) doesn't muck around with the original's overall tone or arrangement. But she sure does it justice, even adding a sly Chaka shout-out as the cut fades."[37]

Alan Jones from Music Week felt the singer "does her best to xerox the performance of Chaka Khan."[38] Nancy Culp from NME said her "Whitney-ed version" is "well over the top and she carries it decently, but lacks the real soul to give it punch."[39] Stephen Holden of The New York Times wrote, "Though not as exuberantly sexy as the original, her version [...] is a respectable imitation."[40] A writer from Rolling Stone called it an overwrought remake and added that Whitney undermined her soul roots.[41] USA Today complimented the song, "She adds surprises: Chaka Khan's 'I'm Every Woman' becomes sweaty house music."[42]

Music video

The accompanying music video for "I'm Every Woman" was shot at the Newark Symphony Hall and directed by Randee St. Nicholas, and features a very pregnant Houston performing the song, while scenes from The Bodyguard are intercut into the clip.[43]

The video featured other notable female artists making cameo appearances including the song's original vocalist Chaka Khan, label mate and R&B group TLC, the song's original composer Valerie Simpson and Houston's mother Cissy as well as Houston's female adult and child dancers performing choreography.[44]

The video entered heavy rotation on virtually every music video channel including MTV, BET and VH1 almost as soon as it had its world premiere on those channels in January 1993.[45]

The video was later made available on Houston's official YouTube channel in 2009 and had generated more than 105 million views as of March 2026.[46]

Live performances

Houston performed the song numerous times on her concert tours, first performing the song at the end of her concerts during The Bodyguard World Tour (1993–1994). She also performed the song during selected dates on her two last major tours, the My Love Is Your Love World Tour (1999) and the Nothing but Love World Tour (2009–2010). She also performed the song on her regional tours such as the Pacific Rim Tour (1997) and European Tour (1998).

Houston also performed it on live television, first doing so on the taping of her concert in Rio de Janeiro in January 1994, as well as taped concerts in Santiago, Buenos Aires and Caracas in April 1994 as well as the Durban and Johannesburg shows in South Africa where she became the first international artist to headline a major stadium tour in the country following the end of apartheid. She performed the song during the 1994 Soul Train Music Awards in March 1994.[47] In April 1999, she performed the song as the finale of her show-stopping set on VH1 Divas Live, singing it with the song's original artist, Chaka Khan. She also performed the song live during her performance on Good Morning America in September 2009.

Legacy and accolades

The song was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 36th Annual Grammy Awards in 1994, losing out to Toni Braxton's "Another Sad Love Song".[48] The video for the song won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video that same year.[49]

The song has received retrospective accolades since its release and has been cited as one of Houston's best songs and one of the best recordings of the 1990s. In its list of the "250 Best Songs of the 1990s", Pitchfork ranked Houston's version at number 211.[50] It was included in the list of BuzzFeed's "101 Greatest Dance Songs".[51] VH1 voted the song 24th place of its list of the "Greatest R&B Songs of the '90s".[52] In their list of the 20 greatest Houston songs of her career, Forbes ranked the song thirteenth place, writing how Houston's rendition of the Khan song was an "anthem in its own right".[53] It further wrote that the song was "a top Whitney song because it embodies the spirit of empowerment and celebrates the strength of women, a message that resonates as strongly today as it did when the song was first released."[53]

On their list of the 25 best Houston songs prior to the singer's posthumous induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020, Billboard also ranked it 13th place, writing that the song "[struck] a chord in the hearts of all women."[54] Smooth Radio included the song in their list of fifteen best Houston songs, writing that the song was "a powerful anthem of female empowerment, celebrating the versatility and strength of women."[55] In their list of best Houston songs, Entertainment Weekly ranked it eighth place writing how Houston took "the Chaka Khan original out of the disco era and transported it into early-'90s R&B funkland".[56] It ranked 11th place among Houston's 20 on About.com.[57] In their list of 15 essential Houston songs, The A.V. Club wrote that the song showed Houston's "versatility" in "full display" after the "soaring, ululating intro falls into pure disco pleasure".[58]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

  • Performed by Whitney Houston
  • Produced by Narada Michael Walden
  • Additional production and remix by Robert Clivilles and David Cole
  • Vocal arrangement inspired by Chaka Khan
  • Additional vocal arrangement and production by Robert Clivilles and David Cole
  • Percussion by Bashiri Johnson
  • Roland TR-909 Programming by Louis Biancaniello, James Alfano and Chauncey Mahan
  • Recording engineers – Matt Rohr, Marc Reyburn
  • Additional production recording engineers – Acar S. Key, Richard Joseph
  • Mixing engineer – Bob Rosa
  • Executive producers - Clive Davis, Whitney Houston

Charts

Certifications and sales

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[106] Gold 35,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[126] Silver 200,000‡
United States (RIAA)[127] Platinum 1,000,000‡

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Region Date Format(s) Label(s) Ref.
United States January 2, 1993
  • 7-inch vinyl
  • 12-inch vinyl
  • CD
  • cassette
 Arista
Sweden January 11, 1993 CD [128]
United Kingdom February 8, 1993
  • 7-inch vinyl
  • 12-inch vinyl
  • CD
  • cassette
 [129]
Australia February 14, 1993 Cassette [130]
March 7, 1993 12-inch vinyl [131]
Japan March 24, 1993 Mini-CD [132]

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Bibliography

  • Crawford, Robyn (2019). A Song for You: My Life with Whitney Houston. Penguin Publisher Group. ISBN 978-1-524-74286-7.
  • Walden, Narada Michael (2012). Whitney Houston: The Voice, The Music, The Inspiration. Insight Editions. ISBN 978-1-608-87200-8.
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