Hussein Refki Pasha
Hussein Refki | |
|---|---|
| War and Marine Minister of Egypt | |
| In office December 1937 – April 1938 | |
| Monarch | Farouk |
| Prime Minister | Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha |
| Preceded by | Ahmed Hamdi Seif al-Nasr Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Hassan Sabry Pasha |
| Member of the Senate | |
| In office 1939–1941 | |
| Monarch | Farouk |
| Chief ADC to the King of Egypt | |
| Monarchs | Fuad I Farouk |
| Succeeded by | Omar Fathi Pasha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1876 |
| Died | 1950 (aged 73–74) |
| Spouse | Zeinab Khanum Said Agha |
| Children | Hafez |
| Royal Military School | |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Kingdom of Egypt Sultanate of Egypt Khedivate of Egypt |
| Branch/service | Egyptian Army |
| Rank | Lieutenant-General |
| Commands | King's Military Household (Egypt) |
Hussein Refki Pasha (Arabic: حسين رفقي باشا; 1876–1950) was an Egyptian military general and politician who served as Egypt's Minister of War and Marine.
Early life and career
Hussein Refki ibn Ahmed Hafez ibn Mohammed Hafez was born in Cairo, Egypt, to an aristocratic Turco-Egyptian family of statesmen and military officers.[1] Refki's father and brother also both served as career officers in the Egyptian Army.[1]
Refki entered the Egyptian infantry after graduating from the Egyptian Royal Military Academy. He was initially stationed in Sudan for several years, principally in Kordofan and Khartoum, and steadily rose through the infantry ranks until his transfer to King's military household. [2] [3] [4]
Later career and political roles
Refki transferred to the King's royal court and became an aide-de-camp to King Fouad I in the late-1920s, ultimately becoming Chief Aide-de-Camp (Arabic: كبير الياوران; Kebeer-al-Yawaran) to both kings Fouad and Farouk. As Chief Aide-de-Camp, Refki commanded the King's Military Household (predecessor to the Republican Guard of Egypt), which included the royal guard and other elite military formations.[1]
Refki became Egypt's Minister of War and Marine in December 1937, during the early reign of King Farouk of Egypt.[5] King Farouk appointed Refki to the Egyptian Senate (Arabic: مجلس الشيوخ; Majlis-al-Shuyukh), the upper-house of the Egyptian Parliament, in 1939.[6]
A street is named for Refki in the Sarayat El-Quba neighbourhood of Heliopolis, Cairo.[7]
Personal life and family
Refki's only child, Chancellor Hafez Refky, was Vice-President of Egypt's Court of Cassation (Arabic: محكمة النقض; Mahkamat-al-Naqd), Egypt's highest appellate court, and a member of Egypt's Supreme Judicial Council (Arabic: مجلس القضاء الاعلى; Majlis al-Qada' al-A'la). Refki's nephew, Chancellor Fouad Hafez, was President of the Egyptian Court of Appeals in Cairo (Arabic: محكمة استئناف القاهرة; Mahkamat Isti'naf al-Qahirah).
Hussein Refki Pasha is related to the Muhammad Ali dynasty of Egypt through his mother, who is directly descended from the dynasty's founder, Muhammad Ali of Egypt. Since the 1930s Refki and his patrilineal descendants have used the surname "Refky" or "Refki."
Awards and honours
- Grand Cordon Order of Ismail[6]
- Grand Cordon Order of the Nile[6]
- Knight Grand Cross Order of the Crown of Italy[6]
- Knight Grand Cross Order of the Star of Ethiopia
- Honour Medal of Syrian Merit, First Class [6]
- Honour Medal of Lebanese Merit, First Class [6]
- Grand Officer Order of Leopold II
- Chief ADC to King Fuad I of Egypt [6]
- Chief ADC to King Farouk of Egypt [6]
References
- ^ a b c Soria, L. Blattner, E.J. Le Mondain Egyptien (The Egyptian Who's Who): L'Annuaire De L'Elite D'Egypte. 1936. Cairo: Thuilot Vincent & Cie.
- ^ The Egyptian Directory 1924 L'Annuaire Egyptian (Egypte et Soudan). 1923. Cairo: Societie Orientale de Publicité.
- ^ The Egyptian Directory 1908 L'Annuaire Egyptian du Commerce de L'Industrie, L'Administration et la Magistrature de L'Egypte et du Soudan. 1908. Cairo: The Egyptian Directory & Advertising Cy., Ltd.
- ^ The Egyptian Directory 1913 L'Annuaire Egyptian L'Annuaire Egyptien et L'Indicateur Egyptien. 1913. Cairo: Societie Orientale de Publicité.
- ^ Preston, Paul. Partridge, Michael. Woodward, Peter. British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print. 1999. Great Britain. Foreign Office.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Soria, L. Blattner, E.J. Le Mondain Egyptien (The Egyptian Who's Who): L'Annuaire De L'Elite D'Egypte. 1941. Cairo: [s.n.]
- ^ El-Lewa Hussein Refki Street. Sarayat El Koba, Cairo, Egypt. Map of El-Koba, Cairo. 2009. Google Maps.