Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003

Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003[1]
Act of Parliament
Long titleAn Act to make provision about the circumstances in which, and the extent to which, a man is to be treated in law as the father of a child where the child has resulted from certain fertility treatment undertaken after the man’s death; and for connected purposes.
Citation2003 c. 24
Territorial extent England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, except that any amendment by the Schedule of an enactment has the same extent as the enactment amended.[2]
Dates
Royal assent18 September 2003
Commencement1 December 2003,[3] except that section 4 came into force on 18 September 2003.[4]
Status: Amended
Text of statute as originally enacted
Revised text of statute as amended

The Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003[1] (c. 24) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom

Background

Diane Blood's husband, Steven, died from meningitis in 1995.[5] Steven gave her permission to use his sperm to have children.[5]

In 1997, now a widow, Blood, took the British government to court to seek permission to have a baby using her then-deceased husband's sperm.[6] The Court of Appeal ruled that she could only do this if she was treated abroad.[6]

Blood then had four children conceived from the sperm of her husband, and took the government to court for her husband to be recognised as the father on their birth certificates.[7]

Provisions

The act amended the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 to allow, among other things, a man to be listed in birth certificates as the father of a child even if the child was conceived after the death of the man.[8]

It is thought to affect around five to ten families a year.[9] Up to 50 families with posthumously conceived children were expected to benefit from the legislation when it was passed.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b The citation of this act by this short title is authorised by section 4(1) of this act.
  2. ^ The Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003, sections 4(4) and (5)
  3. ^ The Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003, section 4(2); the Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Deceased Fathers) Act 2003 (Commencement) Order 2003, article 2
  4. ^ The Interpretation Act 1978, section 4(b)
  5. ^ a b "Diane Blood: 20 years on from her landmark IVF case". ITV News. 12 April 2025. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
  6. ^ a b Sample, Ian (1 August 2007). "A right to know - biological origins of IVF children to be stated on birth certificates". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
  7. ^ "Yesterday in parliament". The Guardian. 19 September 2003. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
  8. ^ a b Dyer, Clare (19 September 2003). "Diane Blood law victory gives her sons their 'legal' father". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
  9. ^ "Diane Blood registers sons". BBC News Online. 1 December 2003.