Hersilia sericea
| Common Long-spinneret Tree Spider | |
|---|---|
| Female | |
| Female | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Hersiliidae |
| Genus: | Hersilia |
| Species: | H. sericea
|
| Binomial name | |
| Hersilia sericea | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Hersilia sericea is a species of spider in the family Hersiliidae.[2] It is an African endemic and is commonly known as the common Long-spinneret tree spider.[3]
Distribution
Hersilia sericea is found in Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, and South Africa.[2] In South Africa, the species is widely distributed across eight of the nine provinces.[3]
Habitat
The species occurs in multiple biomes including Forest, Grassland, Nama Karoo, Savanna, and Thicket biomes at altitudes ranging from 4 to 1,471 m above sea level.[3]
It has also been recorded from agricultural areas including avocado, citrus, grapefruit, and macadamia orchards, as well as urban environments.[3]
Description
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female
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female
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female
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female
Hersilia sericea is known from both sexes. Like other members of the genus Hersilia, it exhibits a flattened body form and extremely long posterior spinnerets.[3]
Ecology
This species is a free-living bark dweller found on various tree species. It does not appear to prefer specific tree species for habitation, although tree trunk size may influence habitat selection. Females construct flat, oval-shaped egg sacs on tree trunk surfaces, camouflaged with bark fragments. The female guards these eggs in an upside-down position until emergence. Females have been collected throughout the year, while males are found from April through December. Some specimens have been collected from walls in built-up areas.[3]
Conservation
Hersilia sericea is listed as Least Concern by the South African National Biodiversity Institute due to its extensive distribution range. The species is protected in more than ten protected areas and faces no significant threats.[3]
Taxonomy
The species was originally described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1898 from Estcourt in South Africa. Foord & Dippenaar-Schoeman (2006) synonymized Hersilia bicornis Tucker, 1920 and Hersilia hanströmi Kauri, 1950 with this species.[4]
References
- ^ Pocock, R.I. (1898). "The Arachnida from the province of Natal, South Africa, contained in the collection of the British Museum". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 2 (9): 197–226. doi:10.1080/00222939808678036.
- ^ a b c "Hersilia sericea Pocock, 1898". World Spider Catalog. Retrieved 21 September 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f g Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S.; Haddad, C.R.; Foord, S.H.; Lotz, L.N. (2020). The Hersiliidae of South Africa. Version 1. South African National Survey of Arachnida Photo Identification Guide. pp. 8–9. doi:10.5281/zenodo.5913607. Retrieved 21 September 2025. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ^ Foord, S.H.; Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S. (2006). "A revision of the Afrotropical species of Hersilia Audouin (Araneae: Hersiliidae)". Zootaxa. 1347: 1–92. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1347.1.1.