Gliese 86

Gliese 86
Location of Gliese 86 (circled in red)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Eridanus[1]
Gliese 86 A
Right ascension 02h 10m 25.9182s[2]
Declination −50° 49′ 25.465″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.17[3]
Gliese 86 B
Right ascension 02h 10m 26.1144s[4]
Declination −50° 49′ 26.334″[4]
Apparent magnitude (V) 14.0[5]
Characteristics
A
Evolutionary stage main sequence[2]
Spectral type K1V[6]
U−B color index 0.44[7]
B−V color index 0.82[7]
B
Evolutionary stage white dwarf[8]
Spectral type DQ6[9][10]
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)+55.22±0.15[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +2,125.416 mas/yr[2]
Dec.: +637.975 mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)92.9251±0.0461 mas[2]
Distance35.10 ± 0.02 ly
(10.761 ± 0.005 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)5.95[11]
Orbit[9]
PrimaryGliese 86 A
NameGliese 86 B
Period (P)≈100 yr
Semi-major axis (a)23.7 au
Eccentricity (e)0.429
Inclination (i)126.44°
Longitude of the node (Ω)234.2°
Details
Gliese 86 A
Mass0.83±0.05[12] M☉
Radius0.79±0.03[12] R☉
Luminosity0.41[13] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.56±0.10[12] cgs
Temperature5,180±80[12] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.27±0.07[12] dex
Rotation30.0 days[14]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.0±1.0[12] km/s
Age10±1[12] Gyr
Gliese 86 B
Mass0.5425[9] M☉
Surface gravity (log g)8.00[15] cgs
Temperature5,000±500[8] K
Other designations
GJ 86, WDS J02104-5049
Gliese 86A: CD−51°532, HD 13445, HIP 10138, HR 637, SAO 232658[16]
Gliese 86B: WD 0208-510[17]
Database references
SIMBADdata
B
Exoplanet Archivedata
ARICNSdata

Gliese 86 (13 G. Eridani, HD 13445) is a K-type main-sequence star 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It has been confirmed that a white dwarf orbits the primary star. In 1998 the European Southern Observatory announced that an extrasolar planet was also orbiting the star.[18]

Stellar components

The primary companion (Gliese 86 A) is a K-type main-sequence star of spectral type K1V. The characteristics in comparison to the Sun are 83% the mass, 79% the radius, and 50% the luminosity. The star has a close-orbiting massive Jovian planet.

Gliese 86 B is a white dwarf located around 21 AU from the primary star, making the Gliese 86 system one of the tightest binaries known to host an extrasolar planet.[19] It was discovered in 2001 and initially suspected to be a brown dwarf,[20] but high contrast observations in 2005 suggested that the object is probably a white dwarf, as its spectrum does not exhibit molecular absorption features which are typical of brown dwarfs.[8] Assuming the white dwarf has a mass about half that of the Sun and that the linear trend observed in radial velocity measurements is due to Gliese 86 B, a plausible orbit for this star around Gliese 86 A has a semimajor axis of 18.42 AU and an eccentricity of 0.3974.[21] When both stars were on the main sequence, the separation between the two stars was closer, at around 9 AU.[9] More precise measurements for the white dwarf give it a mass of 55% the mass of the Sun[9] and a temperature of around 8200 K.[12]

Planetary system

The planet Gliese 86 b was discovered by the Swiss 1.2 m Leonhard Euler Telescope operated by the Geneva Observatory.[22] Such an object was formed from a protoplanetary disk that was truncated at 2 AU from the parent star.[9]

The radial velocity measurements of Gliese 86 show a linear trend once the motion due to this planet are taken out. This may be associated with the orbital motion of the white dwarf companion.

The Gliese 86 A planetary system[23]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥6.588±0.018 MJ 0.114340±0.000001 15.76480±0.00004 0.048±0.002 — —

See also

References

  1. ^ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ^ C. Cincunegui; P. J. D. Mauas (2004). "Library of flux-calibrated echelle spectra of southern late-type dwarfs with different activity levels". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 414 (2): 699–706. Bibcode:2004A&A...414..699C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031671. hdl:11336/21158.
  4. ^ a b Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ^ Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, T. D.; Sion, E. M.; McCook, G. P. (2016). "The 25 parsec local white dwarf population". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 462 (3): 2295. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.462.2295H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1357.
  6. ^ Gray, R. O.; et al. (July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal, 132 (1): 161–170, arXiv:astro-ph/0603770, Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G, doi:10.1086/504637.
  7. ^ a b Karataş, Y.; Schuster, W. J. (2006). "Metallicity and absolute magnitude calibrations for UBV photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 371 (4): 1793. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.371.1793K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10800.x.
  8. ^ a b c Mugrauer, M.; Neuhäuser, R. (2005). "Gl86B: a white dwarf orbits an exoplanet host star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 361 (1): L15–L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0506311. Bibcode:2005MNRAS.361L..15M. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00055.x. S2CID 16904466.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Zeng, Yunlin; Brandt, Timothy D.; Li, Gongjie; Dupuy, Trent J.; Li, Yiting; Brandt, G. Mirek; Farihi, Jay; Horner, Jonathan; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Butler, R. Paul.; Tinney, Christopher G.; Carter, Bradley D.; Wright, Duncan J.; Jones, Hugh R. A.; o'Toole, Simon J. (2022). "The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 188. arXiv:2112.06394. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..188Z. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7. S2CID 252872318.
  10. ^ "Open Exoplanet Catalogue, Gliese 86". Archived from the original on 2020-07-14. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
  11. ^ Holmberg, J.; et al. (July 2009), "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 501 (3): 941–947, arXiv:0811.3982, Bibcode:2009A&A...501..941H, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811191.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h Fuhrmann, K.; et al. (2014). "On the Age of Gliese 86". The Astrophysical Journal. 785 (1). 68. Bibcode:2014ApJ...785...68F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68.
  13. ^ Reiners, Ansgar; Zechmeister, Mathias (2020). "Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 247 (1): 11. arXiv:1912.04120. Bibcode:2020ApJS..247...11R. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f.
  14. ^ Cruz Aguirre, Fernando; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin; Bourrier, Vincent (2023). "Disentangling Stellar and Airglow Emission Lines from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) Spectra". The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (2): 98. Bibcode:2023ApJ...946...98C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acad7d.
  15. ^ Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (2009). "The White Dwarfs within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1681. arXiv:0910.1288. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1681S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681.
  16. ^ "HD 13445". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
  17. ^ "HD 13445B". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
  18. ^ "Extrasolar Planet in Double Star System Discovered from La Silla" (Press release). Garching, Germany: European Southern Observatory. November 24, 1998. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  19. ^ Raghavan, Deepak; et al. (2006). "Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): 523–542. arXiv:astro-ph/0603836. Bibcode:2006ApJ...646..523R. doi:10.1086/504823.
  20. ^ Els, S. G.; et al. (2001). "A second substellar companion in the Gliese 86 system. A brown dwarf in an extrasolar planetary system". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 370 (1): L1–L4. Bibcode:2001A&A...370L...1E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010298.
  21. ^ Lagrange, A.-M.; et al. (2006). "New constrains on Gliese 86 B. VLT near infrared coronographic imaging survey of planetary hosts". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 459 (3): 955–963. Bibcode:2006A&A...459..955L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054710.
  22. ^ "Southern Sky extrasolar Planet search Programme". Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2009-02-18.
  23. ^ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; et al. (2020). "Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (1): 377–383. arXiv:1912.01821. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492..377W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3436. S2CID 208617606.
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