Giera

Giera
Commune
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Giera
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°24′N 21°0′E / 45.400°N 21.000°E / 45.400; 21.000
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2016–)Radu-Ionel Vicol (PSD)
Area
[2]
91 km2 (35 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[1]
1,131
 • Density12/km2 (32/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Postal code
307215–307217
Vehicle reg.TM

Giera (Hungarian: Gyér; German: Gier; Serbian: Ђир, romanized: Đir) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.

History

The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Csanád clan;[3] Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál.[4] At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667).[4] They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Gyertyánffy family, a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér.[5] In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day.[5] The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Hungarian: Grádácz), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.[4]

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2021)[6]
  1. Romanians (61.7%)
  2. Hungarians (12.7%)
  3. Roma (8.66%)
  4. Serbs (4.06%)
  5. Unknown (12.6%)
  6. Others (0.29%)
Religious composition (2021)[7]
  1. Orthodox (65.1%)
  2. Roman Catholics (13.5%)
  3. Serbian Orthodox (4.50%)
  4. Pentecostals (1.50%)
  5. Unknown (14.1%)
  6. Others (1.10%)
  7. Irreligious, atheists and agnostics (0.26%)

Giera had a population of 1,131 inhabitants at the 2021 census, down 8.71% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (61.71%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (12.73%), Roma (8.66%) and Serbs (4.06%). For 12.55% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[6] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (65.07%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (13.52%), Serbian Orthodox (4.5%) and Pentecostals (1.5%). For 14.05% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[7]

Census[8] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs
1880 2,888 834 353 1,290 – 397
1890 3,442 837 588 1,550 – 458
1900 3,504 850 668 1,514 – 457
1910 3,483 943 652 1,345 – 527
1920 3,461 875 732 1,362 – –
1930 3,221 1,045 493 1,260 1 404
1941 3,261 1,177 560 1,147 – –
1956 2,473 856 520 764 – 317
1966 2,185 774 512 652 – 244
1977 1,697 750 414 349 11 170
1992 1,228 719 303 43 64 97
2002 1,321 855 276 32 88 64
2011 1,239 812 211 21 99 56
2021 1,131 698 144 – 98 46

Politics and administration

The commune of Giera is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 8 councilors. The mayor, Radu-Ionel Vicol, from the National Liberal Party, has been in office since 2016. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties:[9]

Party Seats Composition
National Liberal Party 3
Social Democratic Party 3
Social Liberal Humanist Party 1
Save Romania Union 1

References

  1. ^ "2021 Romanian census". National Institute of Statistics. 1 December 2021.
  2. ^ "Primăria Giera". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  3. ^ Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
  4. ^ a b c Reiszig, Ede (1912). "Torontál vármegye községei". In Borovszky, Samu (ed.). Magyarország vármegyéi és városai. Budapest: Országos Monografia Társaság.
  5. ^ a b "Depozitul de cereale din Giera". Prin Banat. 22 April 2014.
  6. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după etnie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  7. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după religie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  8. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
  9. ^ "Alegeri locale 2024". Rezultate Vot.
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