George Lichtheim
George Lichtheim | |
|---|---|
| Born | 6 November 1912 Berlin, German Empire |
| Died | 22 April 1973 (aged 60) Hampstead, London, United Kingdom |
| Relatives | Miriam Lichtheim (sister) |
| Writing career | |
| Pen name | George Arnold |
| Language | English |
George Lichtheim (1912 – 1973), also known by the pseudonym George Arnold, was a German-born intellectual and writer whose works focused on the history and theory of socialism and Marxism.[1][2][3]
Early life and education
George Lichtheim was born on 6 November 1912 in Berlin to Richard Lichtheim and Irene Lichtheim (née Hafter).[1] Lichtheim's father, born in Berlin to a German-Jewish family, was a politician, diplomat, and Zionist.[3][4] Lichtheim's younger sister was Miriam Lichtheim, an American-Israeli Egyptologist, academic, librarian and translator.[5][6][7]
From 1913–1917, Lichtheim lived in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present-day, Istanbul, Turkey) as his father was a representative for the World Zionist Organization.[4][8][9] In 1917, the Lichtheim family returned to Berlin.[9] In 1918, the Lichtheim family moved to the Netherlands with the intention of migrating to Mandatory Palestine.[9] Around 1921, Lichtheim moved to London whilst his father worked for the Zionist Commission.[3][9] The Lichtheim family returned to Berlin in 1923.[9]
In 1932, Lichtheim enrolled at Heidelberg University to study law.[3][9]
Career
Following Hitler's rise to power in 1933, Lichtheim initially fled Germany for London before migrating to Mandatory Palestine in 1934.[3][9][10]
In 1946, Lichtheim migrated to the United Kingdom.[3][10]
He defined himself as a socialist and stated in a 1964 letter to The New York Review of Books that "I am not a liberal and never have been. I find liberalism almost as boring as communism and have no wish to be drawn into an argument over which of these two antiquated creeds is less likely to advance us any further."[11]
His work appeared in the Palestine Post, Commentary, Partisan Review, Dissent, the New Leader, Encounter, the Times Literary Supplement and The New York Review of Books. He also translated Gershom Scholem's Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism.
Personal life
On 22 April 1973,[1][2] Lichtheim died by suicide in London.
Selected works
- The Pattern of World Conflict (1955)
- Marxism (1961)
- Marxism: An Historical and Critical Study (1964)
- Marxism in Modern France (1966)
- The Concept of Ideology, And Other Essays (1967)
- The Origins of Socialism (1969)
- A Short History of Socialism (1970) ISBN 978-0006540267
- Lukács (Fontana Modern Masters, 1970)
- Imperialism (1971) ISBN 978-0713901979
- From Marx to Hegel (1971)
- Europe in the Twentieth Century (1972)
- Thoughts Among the Ruins: Collected essays on Europe and beyond (1973)
References
- ^ a b c "Lichtheim, George, 1912-1973". Library of Congress Name Authority File. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. 2025. Retrieved 30 October 2025.
- ^ a b "LICHTHEIM, George or ARNOLD". Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England. London: Principal Probate Registry: 5357. 1973.
- ^ a b c d e f Cohen, Mitchell (2009). "The Other George: Lichtheim on Imperialism". Dissent. 56 (1). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press: 95–100. doi:10.1353/dss.0.0006. Retrieved 30 October 2025.
- ^ a b "Emissär der jüdischen Sache. Eine politische Biografie Richard Lichtheims". Dubnow Institute. Leipzig: Dubnow Institute. 16 August 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2025.
- ^ "Lichtheim, Miriam, 1914-2004". Library of Congress Name Authority File. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. 2025. Retrieved 29 October 2025.
- ^ "Miriam Lichtheim". Petitions For Naturalization, 1906-1991: Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685-2009. 335366. Chicago, Illinois: National Archives at Chicago. 15 August 1950.
- ^ "Miriam Lichtheim". Declaration of Intention, Petitions For Naturalization, 1906-1991: Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685-2009. 203968. Chicago, Illinois: National Archives at Chicago. 1 March 1946.
- ^ Avineri, Shlomo (1974). "George Lichtheim". PS: Political Science & Politics. 7 (4): 460–461. doi:10.1017/S0030826900608317.
- ^ a b c d e f g Laqueur, Walter Z. (1973). "George Lichtheim, 1912-1973". Commentary (August). New York City. Retrieved 30 October 2025.
- ^ a b "Notice de personne: Lichtheim, George (1912-1973) forme internationale". BnF Catalogue général (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque nationale de France. 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2025.
- ^ "George Lichtheim, "One-Dimensional Man. In Response to: The Threat of History", New York Review of Books, 19 March 1964.
- "The Other George: Lichtheim on Imperialism". Dissent.
- "A Reply by George Lichtheim". The New York Review of Books.
- "George Lichtheim's Marxmanship". Jewish Review of Books.
External links
- "A French View of Israel" (PDF).