Indirectly elected member

This article is about the constituency in Macau. For other uses, see Functional constituency (disambiguation).

Some members in the Legislative Assembly of Macau are elected through indirect election (Portuguese: Sufrágio Indirecto; Chinese: 間接選舉), where only professional or special interest sectors are involved in the electoral process. Eligible voters in a functional constituency are designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. There are proposals to change the electoral system.[1]

Hong Kong's Legislative Council has a similar political system known as "functional constituency".

Groups

Candidates stood in the indirect elections under a list. The prevailing lists since 2001 in each of the electoral sectors are as follows:

  • Industry, Commerce and Finance sector (Sectores industrial, comercial e financeiro; 工商、金融界)
    • Nominated by OMKC (União dos Interesses Empresariais de Macau, 澳門僱主利益聯會, lit. Macau Business Interest Union).
    • The electoral sector was known as "Business" before 2013.
  • Labour sector (Sector do trabalho; 勞工界)
    • Usually nominated by CCCAE (Comissão Conjunta da Candidatura das Associações de Empregados, 僱員團體聯合, lit. Employees Association Joint Candidature Commission).
  • Professional sector (Sector profissional; 專業界)
    • Usually nominated by OMCY (União dos Interesses Profissionais de Macau, 澳門專業利益聯會, lit. Macau Union of Professional Interests)
  • Culture and Sport (Sectores cultural e desportivo; 文化及體育界)
    • Nominated by União do Sol Nascente (旭昇文體聯合會) since 2021, and União Excelente (Associação União Cultural e Desportiva Excelente) (lit. Excellent Culture and Sports Union Association) between 2005 and 2017 elections, and DCAR - Healthy Macau in 2001 election.
    • Three separate sectors of "Moral", "Welfare", and "Culture" were established in 1976 election. In 1984 election they were merged to form the "Moral, Culture, Welfare" sector, and expanded into "Welfare, Culture, Education and Sport" in 1992 election. In 2013 the sector was split to create a new sector.
  • Welfare and Education (Sectores dos serviços sociais e educacional; 社會服務及教育界)
    • Nominated by APSSE (Associação de Promoção do Serviço Social e Educação; 社會服務教育促進會, lit. Association for Promotion of Social Services and Education)
    • Created from "Welfare, Culture, Education and Sport" in 2013 election

Members

Election Members
Moral Welfare Culture Business
1976 L. Ribeiro Chui Tak Kei Rodrigues Ma Man Kei Peter Pan Li Sai Veng
1980 D. Ribeiro Martins
1980 (b) Victor Ng
1984 Moral, Culture, Welfare Susana Chou Chui Tak Kei
Roque Choi
1988 Edmund Ho Lau Cheok Vá
1992 Welfare, Culture, Education and Sport Edmund Ho Labour Professional
Ritchie Lau Cheok Va Pang Vai Kam Leonel Alves
1996 Hoi Sai Iun Susana Chou Kwan Tsui Hang
1999 (b) Chui Sai Cheong
2001 Fong Chi Keong Chan Chak Mo Cheang Chi Keong Kou Hoi In Tong Chi Kin Chui Sai Cheong
2005 Vitor Cheung Ho Iat Seng Lee Chong Cheng
2009 Fong Chi Keong Lam Heong Sang
2013 Welfare and Education Culture and Sport Industry, Commerce and Finance Lei Cheng I
Chan Hong Vitor Cheung Chan Chak Mo Ho Iat Seng José Chui Cheang Chi Keong Kou Hoi In Chan Iek Lap
(UIMM in 2017)
2017 Ip Sio Kai Lei Chan U Lam Lon Wai Vong Hin Fai
2019 (b) Wong Sai Man
2021 Ho Ion Sang Leong On Kei
2025 Ma Chi Seng Si Ka Lon Kevin Ho Leong Pou U
(UAT) 		Vong Hou Piu Iau Teng Pio Wong Chon Kit

See also

References

  1. ^ Chong, Chan Chan; Chan, Wai Tan. "On the Improvement of the Indirect Electoral System for the Legislative Assembly of the Macao SAR" (pdf). Macao (sic.) Technical University. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
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