Fouad Serageddin
Fouad Serageddin | |
|---|---|
| Minister of Agriculture | |
| In office 26 March 1942 – 2 June 1943 | |
| Prime Minister | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Preceded by | Abd al-Salam Fahmi Muhammad Juma Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Ahmed Abdel Ghaffar Pasha |
| Minister of the Interior | |
| In office 2 June 1943 – 8 October 1944 | |
| Prime Minister | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Preceded by | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Succeeded by | Ahmad Maher Pasha |
| In office 12 January 1950 – 27 January 1952 | |
| Prime Minister | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Preceded by | Hussein Sirri Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Ahmed Mortada Al-Maraghi |
| Minister of Social Affairs | |
| In office 2 June 1943 – 8 October 1944 | |
| Prime Minister | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Preceded by | Abdul Hamid Abdul Haq |
| Succeeded by | Mohammed Hussein Heikal |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 11 November 1950 – 27 January 1952 | |
| Prime Minister | Mostafa El-Nahas |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Zaki Abdel-Motaal |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Zaki Abdel-Motaal |
| Minister of Transport | |
| In office 25 July 1949 – 3 November 1949 | |
| Prime Minister | Hussein Sirri Pasha |
| Preceded by | Riyadh Abdul Aziz Saif Al-Nasr Bek |
| Succeeded by | Mohammed Ali Namazi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 2 November 1911 |
| Died | 9 August 2000 (aged 88) |
| Party | Wafd Party |
| Other political affiliations | New Wafd Party |
Fouad Pasha Serageddin (2 November 1911[1] – 9 August 2000), was an Egyptian politician and leader of Egypt's Wafd Party.[2]
Career
When President Hosni Mubarak allowed the Wafd to emerge from a prolonged period of dormancy in 1984, Serageddin proved a skilful political operator given the limits imposed on a divided and decimated opposition, and made the Al-Wafd newspaper an instant success through its Asfoura (Sparrow) column exposés of corruption and mismanagement.
A minister by his early thirties, he held four portfolios in the 1940s, serving in the Wafd-led Government of 1950-52 as Minister of Interior and Minister of Finance. His political career was abruptly suspended as the Free Officers' coup neared. Put on trial, he was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment but released two months later. Several periods of detention followed under Colonel Nasser.
Serageddin did not return to the political landscape until 1978, when President Anwar Sadat, attempting to reinvigorate party pluralism, likened him to Louis XIV coming back from the grave. Political turbulence ensued, however, and Serageddin was one of a number to be imprisoned in 1981 in the twilight of Sadat's rule.
The Wafd Party sprang from the delegation formed by the nationalist Saad Zaghloul in 1918 to demand complete independence from the British, and was officially founded a year later. Serageddin upheld the party's tradition for democracy, bisectarianism and liberalism, but in courting the Muslim Brotherhood was thought to have exceeded a remit to broaden its popular appeal.
He would later take credit for ordering police in Ismailia armed with rifles to engage in a futile battle of Ismailia against British troops using light artillery, but this merely precipitated the burning of Cairo a day later on 26 January 1952, and the Government's immediate dismissal. His political longevity typified Egypt's political ossification, and he was sometimes criticised for leading a party of the past rather than the future. However, the New Wafd Party survived as a significant opposition party, contributing to the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.
Works
- Serageddin, Fouad (1977). لماذا الحزب الجديد [Why the New Party?] (in Arabic). Dar Shorouq.
References
- ^ رزق, حمدي (2013). فتح مصر: وثائق التمكين الإخوانية (in Arabic). Nahdet Misr Publishing Group. ISBN 9789771443773.
- ^ "Sept. 1 - Opposition Party Gets New Leader". APS Diplomat Recorder. 2 September 2000. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
Further reading
- Azmy, Noha (December 2015). "King Farouk and the Wafd's Relations with the United States After the 1952 Revolution (1952-1957)". Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality. 12 (2): 51–78. doi:10.21608/jaauth.2015.67440. ISSN 1687-1863.
- Goldschmidt Jr, Arthur (2003). "SIRAJ AL-DIN, FUAD (1910–2000)". Historical Dictionary of Egypt (5th ed.). Scarecrow Press. pp. 372–373. ISBN 978-0-8108-6586-0.
- —————————— (2000). "Siraj al-Din, [Muhammad] Fuad". Biographical Dictionary of Modern Egypt. Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 199–200. ISBN 9781555872298.
- Gordon, Joel (1992). Nasser's Blessed Movement: Egypt's Free Officers and the July Revolution. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195361563.
- Gordon, Joel (1989). "The False Hopes of 1950: The Wafd's Last Hurrah and the Demise of Egypt's Old Order". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 21 (2): 193–214. doi:10.1017/S0020743800032281. ISSN 1471-6380. JSTOR 163074.
- Gordon, Joel (1987). Towards Nasser's Egypt: The Consolidation of the July Revolution and the End of the Old Regime, 1952–1955 (Thesis). University of Michigan.
- Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (1984). "The Reemergence of the Wafd Party: Glimpses of the Liberal Opposition in Egypt". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 16 (1): 99–121. ISSN 0020-7438. JSTOR 162942.
- Donald M., Reid (1980). "Fu'ad Siraj al-Din and the Egyptian Wafd". Journal of Contemporary History. 15 (4): 721–744. doi:10.1177/002200948001500407. JSTOR 260506.
- ——————— (1979). "The Return of the Egyptian Wafd, 1978". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 12 (3): 389–415. doi:10.2307/218411. JSTOR 218411.
- Ebeid, Mona Makram (1989). "Political Opposition in Egypt: Democratic Myth or Reality?". Middle East Journal. 43 (3): 423–436. ISSN 0026-3141.
- Fenner, Sofia (2023). Shouting in a Cage: Political Life After Authoritarian Co-optation in North Africa. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231557507.
- Isa, Salah (1983). محاكمة فؤاد سراج الدين باشا [Trial of Fuad Serageldin Pasha] (in Arabic). Madbouli Library. OCLC 4770914907.
- Meital, Yoram (2017). Revolutionary Justice: Special Courts and the Formation of Republican Egypt. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190600839.
- Quraishi, Zaheer Masood (1967). Liberal Nationalism in Egypt; Rise and Fall of the Wafd Party. Jamal Printing Press. ISBN 9780861990009.
External links
Wesbite dedicated to Fouad Serageddin on Bibliotheca Alexandrina