Foreign relations of California

The U.S. state government of California maintains intergovernmental relations with other U.S. states and subnational governments outside of the United States.

Intergovernmental relations

Interstate relations

The state government maintains several interstate compacts and executive agreements with other U.S. states.

Relations with indigenous communities

Main articles: List of federally recognized tribes by state § California, and Indigenous peoples of California

California is home to 109 federally recognized tribes in the state and over forty self-identified tribes or tribal bands that have applied for federal recognition.[1]

Foreign relations

Borders

California shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. California is a member of the Commission of the Californias, a tri-lateral forum for cooperation with the Mexican states of Baja California and Baja California Sur.[2]

Trade offices

Main article: California Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development

The Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development, formerly the California Technology, Trade and Commerce Agency, maintains trade offices and coordinates business relations between the state government of California and governments abroad on a paradiplomatic basis.[3]

List of sister states

The following is a list of sister-state relationships maintained by California through legislative resolutions or executive order.[4]

Jurisdiction Nation Year Type of agreement Ref.
Taiwan Republic of China 1983 [5]
Jiangsu Province China 1985 [6]
Catalonia Spain 1986 [7]
South Korea South Korea 1987 Friendship State Relationship
Querétaro Mexico 1988 [8]
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur France 1990 [9]
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Russia 1994 [10]
Osaka Prefecture Japan 1994 Cooperation Agreement [11]
Altai Republic Russia 1995
Umbria Italy 1995 [12]
Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia 1995 [13]
South Chungcheong Province South Korea 1996 [14]
Alberta Canada 1997
New South Wales Australia 1997 [15]
San Salvador Department El Salvador 1998 [16]
Baja California Mexico 1999
Cairo Governorate Egypt 1999
Inner Mongolia China 1999 Friendship State Relationship
Paraná (state) Brazil 1999
Western Cape South Africa 2000
Jalisco Mexico 2000
Punjab India 2001
Gujarat India 2001
Azores Portugal 2002
Baja California Sur Mexico 2002
Jeju Province South Korea 2005
Guangdong China 2014
Santa Fe Province Argentina 2015
Nayarit Mexico 2017
Baden-Württemberg Germany 2018
Syunik Province Armenia 2022
Punjab, Pakistan Pakistan 2022
Bulacan Philippines 2023
Lviv Oblast Ukraine 2024

International Consular missions in California

Los Angeles

Main article: List of diplomatic missions in Los Angeles

San Francisco

Main article: List of diplomatic missions in the San Francisco Bay Area

References

  1. ^ Blakemore, Erin (2017-11-16). "California's Little-Known Genocide". HISTORY. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  2. ^ Memorandum of Understanding Between the Government of the State of California of the United States of America and the Government of the State of Baja California and the Government of the State of Baja California Sur of the United Mexican States for the Establishment of the Commission of the Californias
  3. ^ "Innovation Transfer Operations | UCOP". www.ucop.edu. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  4. ^ "California's Sister State Relationships | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2025-09-11. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  5. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 40 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2025-05-26. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  6. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 19 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  7. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 71 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  8. ^ "Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 137 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  9. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 115 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  10. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 49 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  11. ^ "AssemblyConcurrent Resolution No. 113 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  12. ^ "scr4 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2025-05-26. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  13. ^ "BILL NUMBER: SCR 23 CHAPTERED | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  14. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 54 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  15. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 19 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  16. ^ "Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 81 | Senate Office of International Relations". soir.senate.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
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