Five-point electoral law

Five-point electoral law[1] (Polish: wybory pięcioprzymiotnikowe; the term has also been translated to English as five-point elections[1], five-adjective elections[2] or five-adjective principle in electoral law[3]) is a concept used in Polish political science referring to the elections that are:

In Polish discourse, the term is also equivalent to calling elections that are fair and democratic[5][6].

A similar concept is used in elections to the Israeli Knesset, with a sixth adjective, "national (no constituencies)", added, and "general" used instead of "universal".

References

  1. ^ a b Bernhard, Michael; Szlajfer, Henryk (2010-11-01). From the Polish Underground: Selections from Krytyka, 1978-1993. Penn State Press. p. 340. ISBN 978-0-271-04427-9.
  2. ^ Radio Free Europe Research. Radio Free Europe. 1980. p. 16.
  3. ^ Jedruch, Jacek (1982-05-21). Constitutions, Elections and Legislatures of Poland, 1493-1977: Guide to Their History. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 576. ISBN 978-0-8191-2509-5.
  4. ^ Drozdowski, Marian Marek. "Historia dwudziestolecia (1918-1939)." Dzieje Najnowsze:[kwartalnik poświęcony historii XX wieku] 17, no. 2 (1986): 191-202.
  5. ^ Eugeniusz Zwierzchowski (1981). "Polityczny proces kształtowania ustroju Polski Ludowej 1944-1952". Uniwersytet Śląski. p. 37. ISBN 978-83-00-00165-1.
  6. ^ Bogusław Pytlik (2005). "Naczelne organy władzy w projektach Konstytucji III Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej: struktura i odnawianie składu". Szkoła Główna Handlowa. p. 55. ISBN 978-83-7378-176-4.


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