Firs Zhuravlev

Firs Zhuravlev
Фирс Журавлёв
Self-Portrait, 1870s, oil on canvas; Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
Born(1836-12-10)December 10, 1836
Saratov, Russia
DiedSeptember 4, 1901(1901-09-04) (aged 64)
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Resting placeKazan Monastery, Vyshny Volochyok
Alma materImperial Academy of Arts (1864)
Known forPainting
ElectedMember Academy of Arts (1874)

Firs Sergeyevich Zhuravlev or Zhuravlyov (Russian: Фирс Сергеевич Журавлёв; 22 December 1836 – 17 September 1901)[a] was a Russian genre painter.[2]

Biography

He attended the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied history painting under Timofey Neff and Fyodor Bruni.[3] In 1863, he became part of the "Revolt of the Fourteen", a group of students who supported Realism and were protesting the Academy's insistence on promoting the Classical style. He joined the others in withdrawing from the school and accepting a designation as "Artist Second-Degree". Soon after, together with Ivan Kramskoi, he helped to found the Artel of Artists, a group of painters who formed a sort of commune, sharing workshops and maintaining a common household on Vasilyevsky Island.[4] He also taught drawing at the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts (1866, 1871–72).[5] From 1862 to 1874, he was under police surveillance for alleged ties to revolutionary groups, possibly due to the social criticism inherent in many of his portrayals of peasant life.[3]

His first exhibition at the Academy came in 1868 and, six years later, a display of his work earned him the title of "Academician". During 1888 and 1889, he participated in showings by the "Association of Travelling Art Exhibitions" (Peredvizhniki), but never became a formal member of the group.[6] He also participated in the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, the Exposition Universelle (1889) and the All-Russia Exhibition 1896.

In addition to his oil paintings, he helped to decorate the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow,[7] and the Nativity Cathedral, Riga, and created mosaics for the Church of the Savior on Blood.

Selected paintings

  • The Spinner (1864)
  • The Chimneysweep
    (date unknown)
  • The Stepmother (1874)
  • Child Beggars (1870)
  • The Clerk (1884)

Notes

  1. ^ Or 22 August [O.S. 10 August] 1902, if Suvorin's Russian Calendar of 1903 is to be believed.[1]

References

  1. ^ Русский календарь на 1903 г. (in Russian). St. Petersburg: Suvorin Typography. 1903. p. 318.
  2. ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia, General editor A. M. Prokhorov, Moscow 1972 Vol.9 "Евклид — Ибсен" Журавлёв Фирс Сергеевич
  3. ^ a b RusArtNet: Brief biography
  4. ^ S. A. Ekhstut, Шайка передвижников. История одного творческого союза (The Peredvizhniki. Story of a Creative Union), Moscow, Дрофа 2008 ISBN 978-5-358-01904-1 [1]
  5. ^ Makarenko, Mykola O. [in Ukrainian] (1914). Школа Императорского Общества поощрения художеств, 1839–1914 (in Russian). Petrograd: Yakor'. p. 108.
  6. ^ Elena Savelyeva, Такой пикантный «мрак тёмного царства» (This Piquant "Doom of the Dark Kingdom"), Radishchev Art Museum (exhibition catalog) 2003. [2]
  7. ^ Фирс Сергеевич Журавлев, Федеральное хранилище «Единая коллекция цифровых образовательных ресурсов» (Federal Depository of Digital Educational Resources), National Training Foundation, 2010 [3] Deprecated link archived 2013-04-17 at archive.today

Further reading

  • Savinov, Alexei N. [in Russian] (1962). "Фирс Сергеевич Журавлёв". In Leonov, Alexei I. (ed.). Русское искусство. Очерки о жизни и творчестве художников. Вторая половина XIX века (in Russian). Vol. 1. Moscow: Iskusstvo. pp. 131–148. OCLC 71538004.
    • Savinov, Alexei N. (1963). Фирс Сергеевич Журавлев (artbook). Мастера русского искусства (in Russian). Moscow, Leningrad: Izogiz, a version of the above.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

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