Fereydunkenar
Fereydunkenar
Persian: فريدونكنار | |
|---|---|
City | |
The beach at Fereydunkenar is available to traditional fishermen | |
Fereydunkenar | |
| Coordinates: 36°41′06″N 52°31′15″E / 36.68500°N 52.52083°E[1][2] | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | Mazandaran |
| County | Fereydunkenar |
| District | Central |
| Population (2016)[3] | |
• Total | 38,154 |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Website | www |
Fereydunkenar (Persian: فريدونكنار)[a] is a city in the Central District of Fereydunkenar County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county[5] and the district.
Demographics
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 34,452 in 9,278 households,[6] when it was capital of the former Fereydunkenar District in Babolsar County.[7] The following census in 2011 counted 36,192 people in 10,922 households,[8] by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Fereydunkenar County. Fereydunkenar was transferred to the new Central District as the county's capital.[5] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 38,154 people in 12,606 households.[3]
Illegal bird hunting
Fereydunkenar is known as an important wintering site for migratory waterbirds, including endangered species such as the Siberian crane. However, the region has been a hotspot for illegal bird hunting, which has raised concerns among conservationists and environmental organizations.
Traditional bird trapping practices, such as the use of mist nets and decoys, have been criticized for their impact on migratory birds, particularly in the context of the Fereydunkenar and Sorkhrud Wetland Complex, a key stopover for waterfowl along the Central Asian flyway.[9][10]
Despite official efforts to regulate hunting activities, illegal bird hunting persists in the area. In 2018, the Department of Environment of Mazandaran Province announced strict enforcement measures to prevent violations.[11] Nevertheless, reports indicate that thousands of migratory birds are still poached annually in Fereydunkenar and surrounding wetlands, posing a threat to biodiversity in the region.[12]
Climate
| Climate data for Fereydunkenar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.8 (53.2) |
11.7 (53.1) |
13.8 (56.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
28.3 (82.9) |
30.9 (87.6) |
30.6 (87.1) |
28.0 (82.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
21.2 (70.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
7.9 (46.2) |
10.3 (50.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
17.1 (62.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.6 (38.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
19.6 (67.3) |
14.4 (57.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
13.1 (55.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 91.0 (3.58) |
64.4 (2.54) |
65.0 (2.56) |
30.9 (1.22) |
19.4 (0.76) |
20.5 (0.81) |
24.0 (0.94) |
58.3 (2.30) |
80.5 (3.17) |
158.8 (6.25) |
115.4 (4.54) |
124.1 (4.89) |
852.3 (33.56) |
| Average precipitation days | 10.4 | 9.4 | 11.3 | 8.2 | 6.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 10.4 | 97.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84.9 | 83.5 | 83.3 | 80.9 | 77.9 | 74.9 | 75.9 | 77.8 | 79.5 | 81.7 | 84 | 85.7 | 80.8 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
13.7 (56.7) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 139.5 | 132.8 | 139.5 | 174 | 227.5 | 264 | 260.4 | 226.3 | 201 | 179.8 | 153 | 136.4 | 2,234.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 6.1 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 41.1 | 40 | 34.9 | 41.8 | 49.7 | 56.3 | 54.4 | 50.5 | 49.9 | 47.2 | 45.6 | 41.4 | 46.1 |
| Source: Weatherbase,[13] Weather2visit[14] | |||||||||||||
See also
Notes
References
- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (21 October 2024). "Fereydunkenar, دهستان باریک رود شمالی, بخش مرکزی شهرستان فریدونکنار [Barik Rud-e Shomali Rural District, Central District of Fereydunkenar County], Fereydunkenar County, Mazandaran Province, 47516-15914, Iran" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 21 October 2024.
- ^ "MGPC+284 Fereydunkenar, Mazandaran Province, Iran" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
- ^ a b سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان مازندران [General Population and Housing Census 2016: Mazandaran Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original (Excel) on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Fereydunkenar can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3062937" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ a b Davoodi, Parviz (9 December 2007) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1386/09/18 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه درخصوص اصلاحات تقسیمات کشوری در استان مازندران [Approval letter regarding the reforms of national divisions in Mazandaran province]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]. شناسه [ID] 6D607890-963C-4E1C-852E-CE983E5F2ED6. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 30 December 2025.
- ^ سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان مازندران [General Population and Housing Census 2006: Mazandaran Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ Mousavi, Mir-Hossein (12 July 1989) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1368/04/21 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. ایجاد و تأسیس شهرستان بابلسر متشکل از بخش مرکزی و فریدونکنار [Creation and establishment of Babolsar County consisting of the Central and Fereydunkenar Districts]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. مجلس شورای اسلامی [Islamic Consultative Assembly]. شناسه [ID] D4159732-C48A-4F15-B409-8995B8B64460. شماره دوره [Course number] 68, شماره جلد [Volume number] 8. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 30 December 2025.
- ^ سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان مازندران [General Population and Housing Census 2011: Mazandaran Province]. Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in Persian). مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Behrouzi-Rad, B. (2023). "Illegal Bird Hunting in the Caspian Sea Littoral Wetlands: A Case Study from Fereydunkenar". Deviant Behavior. doi:10.1080/01639625.2023.2238866.
- ^ "Illegal Bird Hunting in Fereydunkenar Wetland, Iran". University of Mashhad. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
- ^ "Illegal bird hunting violations to be pursued vigorously: Mazandaran DOE". Tehran Times. 10 December 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
- ^ "Poachers slaughtering more migratory birds in N. Iran". Iran Front Page. 9 February 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
- ^ "Fereydun Kenar MONTHLY - ALL WEATHER AVERAGES". Weatherbase. CantyMedia. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
- ^ "Fereydun Kenar Monthly Weather Averages". weather2visit. Retrieved 9 March 2024.