Euryleonis

For Greek mythological figure, see Euryleon (mythology).

Euryleonis (Ancient Greek: Ευρυλεωνίς) was a woman honored with a statue in Sparta as the owner of a victorious pair of horses in the chariot races at the Ancient Olympic Games probably in 368 BC.

Euryleonis would have been a wealthy aristocrat. She was the second female stephanite (crowned victor) in the long history of the ancient Olympics. The Spartan princess Kyniska, won the four-horse race in 396 BCE and again in 392 BCE, the first ever woman to win at the Olympics.[1] Women were barred from attending the Ancient Olympic games, but could own horses that competed. The owner of the winning team of horses, not the rider, won recognition as the Olympic victor.[1][2]

Statue

Her existence is known only from one sentence in the Greek travel writer Pausanias (flourished 143–176 CE). He saw a statue of a woman said by the Spartans to be of Euryleonis standing next to the Skenoma on the acropolis of Sparta[3].

The statue does not survive, nor has its base been found, but it was presumably cast in bronze. No personal statues of athletic or military victors in Sparta are attested before the statue of Euryleonis.[4][5]

References

  1. ^ a b Women's History Month: Filling In the Blanks - Warren
  2. ^ Hodkinson, Stephen (1986). "Land Tenure and Inheritance in Classical Sparta". The Classical Quarterly. 36 (2): 402. doi:10.1017/s0009838800012143. S2CID 145303416.
  3. ^ Pausanias. Description of Greece. p. 3.17.6.
  4. ^ Hodkinson, Stephen (1998) [6–8 December 1995]. "Patterns of bronze dedications at Spartan sanctuaries, c. 650—350 BC: towards a quantified database of material and religious investment". British School at Athens Studies. 4 (SPARTA IN LACONIA: Proceedings of the 19th British Museum Classical Colloquium held with the British School at Athens and King's and University Colleges). London: 62.
  5. ^ Hyde, Walter Woodburn (1921). Olympic victor monuments and Greek athletic art. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 367.

Bibliography

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