Etremopsis
| Etremopsis Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| Etremopsis quadrispiralis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Clathurellidae |
| Genus: | Etremopsis A. W. B. Powell, 1942 |
| Type species | |
| Drillia imperfecta Suter, 1917 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Etremopsis is a genus of marine gastropods of the family Clathurellidae.[1] While the sole extant species, E. albata, lives in the waters of the Indian Ocean, all other known species are fossils which have been found in New Zealand and Australia.
Description
Members of Etremopsis have a large protoconch, having between 5-6 whorls, with shells that are polygyrate and carinated.[2] Shells in the genus have heights ranging between 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in), are fusiform, and have moderately elevated spires.[3] The genus can be identified due to having a less strongly armoured aperture, the lack of inner lip denticles or tubercles, outside of the parietal denticle.[3]
Taxonomy
The genus was first described in 1942 by A. W. B. Powell, who identified the genus as a New Zealand fossil group.[2] By 1966, the genus Iraqetrema had been synonymised with Etremopsis, leading to the addition of a living species to the genus, E. albata.[4][5]
Distribution
The sole extant species, E. albata, is known to occur in the Indian Ocean, including the Persian Gulf[6][7] and western Thailand.[8] Fossils are known to occur in Australia and New Zealand,[9][10] with the earliest known fossils date to the Duntroonian stage of the Oligocene in New Zealand, dating to 27.3 million years ago.[3]
Species
Species within the genus Etremopsis include:[1]
- †Etremopsis aequisculpta A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- Etremopsis albata (E. A. Smith, 1882)
- †Etremopsis carinapex A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis clifdenica A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis compta A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis contigua A. W. B. Powell, 1944
- †Etremopsis disposita Laws, 1944
- †Etremopsis duospiralis Laws, 1944
- †Etremopsis elata A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis erecta A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis haroldi A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis imperfecta (Suter, 1917)
- †Etremopsis latiapex A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis oamarutica A. W. B. Powell, 1942
- †Etremopsis opposita A. W. B. Powell, 1944
- †Etremopsis quadrispiralis A. W. B. Powell, 1942
References
- ^ a b c Etremopsis A. W. B. Powell, 1942. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 19 February 2026.
- ^ a b Powell, A. W. B. (1942). "The New Zealand recent and fossil Mollusca of the family Turridae, with general notes on Turrid nomenclature and systematics". Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 2. ISSN 0067-0456. OCLC 1826451. Wikidata Q115110377.
- ^ a b c Beu, A.G.; Raine, J.I. (2009). "Revised descriptions of New Zealand Cenozoic Mollusca from Beu and Maxwell (1990)". GNS Science miscellaneous series. 27.
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Yu. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (26 July 2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/MOLLUS/EYR017. ISSN 0260-1230. Wikidata Q54552868.
- ^ Powell, A. W. B. (1 November 1966). "The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae: an evaluation of the valid taxa, both recent and fossil, with lists of characteristic species". Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 5. Auckland Institute and Museum: 112. ISSN 0067-0456. LCCN 67091267. OCLC 956602. Wikidata Q115098397.
- ^ Smith, Edgar A. (October 1888). "Diagnoses of new species of Pleurotomidæ in the British Museum". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 2 (10): 300–317. doi:10.1080/00222938809460930. ISSN 0374-5481. Wikidata Q56118481.
- ^ Powell, A. W. B. (1 November 1966). "The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae: an evaluation of the valid taxa, both recent and fossil, with lists of characteristic species". Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 5. Auckland Institute and Museum. ISSN 0067-0456. LCCN 67091267. OCLC 956602. Wikidata Q115098397.
- ^ "Occurrence 23 March 1963 Etremopsis albata (E.A.Smith, 1882)". GBIF. Retrieved 19 February 2026.
- ^ Maxwell, P.A. (2009). "Cenozoic Mollusca". In Gordon, D.P. (ed.). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Christchurch: Canterbury University Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-877257-72-8.
- ^ Darragh, Thomas A. (August 2024). "A checklist of Australian marine Cenozoic Mollusca". Memoirs of Museum Victoria. 83: 37–206. doi:10.24199/J.MMV.2024.83.02. ISSN 1447-2546. Wikidata Q136396722.