Endornaviridae
| Endornaviridae | |
|---|---|
| Endornaviridae particle. Shown is the replicative form (dsRNA) of the (+)ssRNA virus. | |
| Virus classification | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Kitrinoviricota |
| Class: | Alsuviricetes |
| Order: | Martellivirales |
| Family: | Endornaviridae |
| Genera | |
|
Alphaendornavirus | |
Endornaviridae is a family of viruses. Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as natural hosts. There are 31 species in this family, assigned to 2 genera (Alphaendornavirus and Betaendornavirus). Members of Alphaendornavirus infect plants, fungi and the oomycete Phytophthora sp., members of Betaendornavirus infect ascomycete fungi.[1][2][3][4]
Taxonomy
The following genera are assigned to the family:[1]
- Alphaendornavirus
- Betaendornavirus
Structure
Linear, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of about 14 kb to 17.6 kb. A site specific break (nick) is found in the coding strand about 1 to 2 kb from the 5’ terminus. ViralZone conflicts with ICTV, listing Endornaviridae as dsRNA viruses.[1][2]
As the Endornaviridae genomes don't include a coat protein (CP) gene, no true virions are associated with members of this family. For Vicia faba endornavirus, the RNA genome has been associated with some pleomorphic cytoplasmic membrane vesicles.[1]
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The viral replicative form of the Endornaviridae is dsRNA. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription.[2][1]
As the replicative dsRNA form is relatively stable, it can be found in comparatively high quantities in host tissues, and therefore is a likely subject of isolations[1] (this is the reason why Endornaviridae often are classified as dsRNA viruses,[2] in contrast to the official ssRNA(+) ICTV classification).
The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement.[1][2]
Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are pollen associated.[1][2]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Valverde, RA; Khalifa, ME; Okada, R; Fukuhara, T; Sabanadzovic, S; ICTV Report, Consortium (August 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Endornaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (8): 1204–1205. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001277. PMC 12643110. PMID 31184570.
- ^ a b c d e f "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^ Dolja, Valerian V (2001). "Capsid-Less RNA Viruses". Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0023269. ISBN 978-0470016176.
- ^ ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.108.0.01. Endornavirus. In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA.
External links
- ICTV: ICTV Report: Endornaviridae
- SIB: Viralzone: Endornaviridae
- NCBI: Endornaviridae (family)
- Syunichi Urayama, Hiromitsu Moriyama, Nanako Aoki, Yukihiro Nakazawa, Ryo Okada, Eri Kiyota, Daisuke Miki, Ko Shimamoto, Toshiyuki Fukuhara: Knock-down of OsDCL2 in rice negatively affects maintenance of the endogenous dsRNA virus, Oryza sativa endornavirus. In: Plant Cell Physiol. 2010 Jan;51(1):58-67. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp167. PMID 19933266. Epub 2009 Nov 19.