Eddy Liew

Eddy Liew
OBE FRS FMedSci FRSE FRCPath
刘富友
Born
Eddy Foo Yew Liew

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Alma mater
Known for
  • CD4+ T cell heterogeneity
  • Nitric oxide in immune regulation
  • IL-15, IL-18 and IL-33 in inflammatory disease
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsImmunology
InstitutionsUniversity of Glasgow

Eddy Foo Yew Liew (Chinese: 刘富友) OBE FRS FMedSci FRSE FRCPath is a Malaysian-born British immunologist and Emeritus Professor of Immunology at the University of Glasgow. He is known for his contributions to the understanding of CD4+ T cell heterogeneity, the role of nitric oxide in immune regulation, and the discovery of key cytokine pathways involved in inflammatory disease. Liew is a Fellow of the Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences and was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 2018 for services to science.

Early life and education

Liew attended Chong Hua High School on a scholarship before completing his secondary education at St. John’s Institution in Kuala Lumpur. In 1965 he received a Colombo Plan scholarship to study chemistry at Monash University in Melbourne, graduating with a BSc (First Class Honours) in 1968. He completed his PhD in microbiology and immunology at the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University (ANU), in 1972, and was later awarded a DSc by ANU in 1990.[1]

Career

Liew began his academic career in 1972 as a lecturer and later Associate Professor at the University of Malaya in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, where he served until 1977.

In 1977, he moved to the United Kingdom to join the Wellcome Research Laboratories in Beckenham. He served as a Senior Scientist and subsequently as the Head of the Department of Immunobiology until 1991.[2]

Liew joined the University of Glasgow in 1991 as the Gardiner Professor and Head of the Department of Immunology, a position he held until 2008. During his tenure, he was the Founding Director of the Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre from 2002 to 2008. He has been an Emeritus Professor of Immunology at the university since 2008.[3]

From 2013 to 2019, Liew served as Editor-in-Chief of the European Journal of Immunology.[4]

Research

Liew’s research has focused on the regulation of immune responses, particularly the heterogeneity of CD4+ T lymphocytes and their roles in infectious and autoimmune diseases.[5] Early in his career, his work with Christopher Parish helped demonstrate that CD4+ T cells involved in cellular and humoral immunity belong to distinct functional subsets, showing that cell-mediated and antibody responses could be dissociated.[6][7] These findings contributed to the later definition of the Th1 and Th2 paradigm in immunology.[8] He subsequently extended this concept to several infectious diseases relevant to tropical regions, including tapeworm infection,[9] malaria,[10] and leprosy.[11]

During his time at the Wellcome Research Laboratories, Liew investigated CD4+ T-cell responses in viral and parasitic infections. He reported that T cells primed by internal influenza proteins could provide heterologous antibody responses and identified distinct CD4+ T-cell populations associated with resistance or susceptibility to Leishmania infection.[12] His group also described a population of CD4+ suppressor T cells capable of modulating disease-resistant responses, work that preceded later developments in regulatory T-cell biology.

Liew made significant contributions to understanding the role of nitric oxide (NO) in host defence. In collaboration with Salvador Moncada, he demonstrated that NO produced by macrophages is a key effector molecule in the killing of Leishmania parasites in vivo.[12] Using inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) knockout mice, he later showed that NO plays a pivotal role in protection against both Leishmania and malaria by promoting Th1-type immune responses.[13]

At the University of Glasgow, Liew’s research expanded to include cytokine biology in inflammatory disease. Working with Iain McInnes, he identified roles for interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in rheumatoid arthritis.[14][15] His group also found that the receptor ST2 is preferentially expressed on Th2 cells, leading to the subsequent identification of interleukin-33 (IL-33) as its ligand.[16] Liew helped characterise the functions of IL-33 in immune regulation and inflammation, contributing to the broader understanding of this cytokine in human disease.[17]

Honours and awards

References

  1. ^ "英国皇家学院院士F. Y. (EDDY) LIEW（刘富友）教授报告-IL-33 in infectious and inflammatory disease-安徽理工大学". Aust.edu.cn.
  2. ^ Liew, F. Y. (1 December 1988). "Immune suppressor substance in experimental chagas disease". Parasitology Today. 4 (12): 355–356. doi:10.1016/0169-4758(88)90006-3. ISSN 0169-4758. PMID 15463029.
  3. ^ "Prof Foo Liew". University of Glasgow.
  4. ^ "Leading immunologist elected Royal Society Fellow". University of Glasgow.
  5. ^ Liew, F. Y. (February 1989). "Functional heterogeneity of CD4+ T cells in leishmaniasis". Immunology Today. 10 (2): 40–45. doi:10.1016/0167-5699(89)90302-2. ISSN 0167-5699. PMID 2568842.
  6. ^ Parish, C. R.; Liew, F. Y. (1 February 1972). "Immune response to chemically modified flagellin. 3. Enhanced cell-mediated immunity during high and low zone antibody tolerance to flagellin". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 135 (2): 298–311. doi:10.1084/jem.135.2.298. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2180527. PMID 5060292.
  7. ^ Liew, F. Y.; Parish, C. R. (1 March 1974). "Lack of a correlation between cell-mediated immunity to the carrier and the carrier-hapten helper effect". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 139 (3): 779–784. doi:10.1084/jem.139.3.779. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2139557. PMID 4544249.
  8. ^ Liew, Foo Y. (January 2002). "T(H)1 and T(H)2 cells: a historical perspective". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 2 (1): 55–60. doi:10.1038/nri705. ISSN 1474-1733. PMID 11905838.
  9. ^ Kwa, B H; Liew, F Y (1 July 1977). "Immunity in taeniasis-cysticercosis I. Vaccination against Taenia taeniaeformis in rats using purified antigen". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 146 (1): 118–131. doi:10.1084/jem.146.1.118. PMC 2180725. PMID 874421.
  10. ^ Taylor-Robinson, Andrew W.; Phillips, R. Stephen; Severn, Alison; Moncada, Salvador; Liew, Foo Y. (25 June 1993). "The Role of TH1 and TH2 Cells in a Rodent Malaria Infection". Science. 260 (5116): 1931–1934. Bibcode:1993Sci...260.1931T. doi:10.1126/science.8100366. PMID 8100366.
  11. ^ Smelt, A. H.; Rees, R. J.; Liew, F. Y. (June 1981). "Induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to Mycobacterium leprae in healthy individuals". Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 44 (3): 501–506. ISSN 0009-9104. PMC 1537322. PMID 7035030.
  12. ^ a b Liew, F. Y.; Millott, S.; Parkinson, C.; Palmer, R. M.; Moncada, S. (15 June 1990). "Macrophage killing of Leishmania parasite in vivo is mediated by nitric oxide from L-arginine". Journal of Immunology. 144 (12): 4794–4797. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.144.12.4794. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 2351828.
  13. ^ Niedbala, W.; Cai, B.; Liew, F. Y. (November 2006). "Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of T cell functions". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 65 Suppl 3 (Suppl 3): iii37–40. doi:10.1136/ard.2006.058446. ISSN 0003-4967. PMC 1798386. PMID 17038470.
  14. ^ Gracie, J. A.; Forsey, R. J.; Chan, W. L.; Gilmour, A.; Leung, B. P.; Greer, M. R.; Kennedy, K.; Carter, R.; Wei, X. Q.; Xu, D.; Field, M.; Foulis, A.; Liew, F. Y.; McInnes, I. B. (November 1999). "A proinflammatory role for IL-18 in rheumatoid arthritis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 104 (10): 1393–1401. doi:10.1172/JCI7317. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 409841. PMID 10562301.
  15. ^ McInnes, Iain B.; Liew, Foo Y.; Gracie, J. Alastair (17 December 2004). "Interleukin-18: a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis?". Arthritis Res Ther. 7 (1): 38–41. doi:10.1186/ar1497. ISSN 1478-6354. PMC 1064903. PMID 15642152.
  16. ^ Liew, Foo Yew; Girard, Jean-Philippe; Turnquist, Heth Roderick (November 2016). "Interleukin-33 in health and disease". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 16 (11): 676–689. doi:10.1038/nri.2016.95. ISSN 1474-1741. PMID 27640624.
  17. ^ McInnes, Iain B.; Liew, Foo Y. (November 2005). "Cytokine networks—towards new therapies for rheumatoid arthritis". Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology. 1 (1): 31–39. doi:10.1038/ncprheum0020. ISSN 1745-8390. PMID 16932625.
  18. ^ "Almroth Wright Lecturers 1996 - present" (PDF). Imperial College London.
  19. ^ "Professor Eddy Liew". Royal Society of Edinburgh.
  20. ^ "Professor Eddy Liew". Academy of Medical Sciences.
  21. ^ "Sheikh Hamdan honours winners of Award for Medical Sciences". Emirates News Agency.
  22. ^ "Prof. Eddy Liew Ehrenmitglied der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Immunologie". Heidelberg University.
  23. ^ "Professor Eddy Liew OBE FMedSci FRS". Royal Society.
  24. ^ "Honorary Members". British Society for Immunology.
  25. ^ "Queen's Birthday Honours list 2018". The Scottish Government.
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