Cyclobutenone

Cyclobutenone
Names
IUPAC name
Cyclobut-2-en-1-one
Other names
2-Cyclobutene-1-one
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 32264-87-2
MeSH cyclobutenone
  • InChI=1S/C4H4O/c5-4-2-1-3-4/h1-2H,3H2
    Key: DFLRGCFWSRELEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • C1C=CC1=O
Properties
C4H4O
Molar mass 68.075 g·mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Warning
H302, H315, H319, H335
P280, P305+P351+P338
Safety data sheet (SDS) A2B Chem
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Cyclobutenone is a chemical compound with the formula C4H4O. It is a highly strained cyclic enone which exhibits significant chemical reactivity. Notable reactions of cyclobutenone include acting as a Michael acceptor, a dienophile for Diels-Alder reactions, and a regioselective substrate for activation of C−C bonds. Electrocyclic ring opening of cyclobutenones yields vinylketenes, which serve as reactive intermediates in cycloaddition reactions.[1]

Preparation

Unsubstituted cyclobutenone can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of 3-bromocyclobutanone. The bromocyclobutanone precursor can be prepared by decarboxylation of 3-oxocyclobutanecarboxylic acid with bromine and mercury(II) oxide.[2]

Substituted cyclobutenones can be prepared by cycloaddition of an alkyne and ketene, such as the [2+2] cycloaddition of 1-hexyne and dichloroketene (generated in situ from trichloroacetyl chloride) to 3‑butyl‑4,4‑dichlorocyclobutenone.[3]

Reactivity

Cyclobutenone has been described as an "unusually reactive" dienophile, substantially more reactive than other enone rings like cyclopentenone and cyclohexenone.[4]

Sources

  1. ^ Chen, Peng-hao; Dong, Guangbin (2016). "Cyclobutenones and Benzocyclobutenones: Versatile Synthons in Organic Synthesis". Chemistry – A European Journal. 22 (51): 18290–18315. doi:10.1002/chem.201603382. PMC 5503213. PMID 27620805.
  2. ^ Audrey G. Ross, Xiaohua Li, and Samuel J. Danishefsky (2012). "Preparation of cyclobutenone". Organic Syntheses. 89: 491–500{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).
  3. ^ Rick L. Danheiser, Selvaraj Savariar, and Don D. Cha. (1990). "3-Butylcyclobutenone". Organic Syntheses. 68: 32{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).
  4. ^ Paton, Robert S.; Kim, Seonah; Ross, Audrey G.; Danishefsky, Samuel J.; Houk, K. N. (2011). "Experimental Diels–Alder Reactivities of Cycloalkenones and Cyclic Dienes Explained through Transition-State Distortion Energies". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 50 (44): 10366–10368. doi:10.1002/anie.201103998. PMID 21910195.