Cornish exonyms

This is a list of exonyms in the Cornish language[1][2][3][4] – place names used in Cornish that differ from the names used locally or officially.

Countries

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Belgium Pow Belg België, Belgique, Belgien
Canada Kanada Canada
Czech Republic Repoblek Chek/Pow Chekk[5] Česko
England Pow Sows[5] England
France Pow Frynk[5] France
Germany Almayn[6] Deutschland
Greece Pow Grek[5] Ελλάδα (Elláda)
India Eynda[7]
Ireland Wordhen[1], Iwordhon[8] Éire, Ireland
Isle of Man Manow[9] Mann, Mannin
Kuwait Koweyt الكويت (al-Kuwayt)
Lebanon Lebnon لبنان (Lubnān)
Mexico Meksiko México
Netherlands Iseldiryow[10] Nederland
New Zealand Mordir Nowydh[11] New Zealand
Norway Norgagh[12] Noreg
Palestine Palestayn فلسطين (Filasṭīn)
Poland Poloni[13] Polska
Portugal Portyngal[14] Portugal
Russia Russi[15] Россия (Rossiya)
Saudi Arabia Arabi Saoudek السعودية (al-ʿArabiyya as-Suʿūdiyya)
Scotland Alban[16] Scotland, Alba
Spain Spayn[17] España
 Switzerland Swistir[18] Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera
Syria Syri سورية (Sūriyā)
United Kingdom Ruvaneth Unys, Breten[1] United Kingdom, Britain
United States Statys Unys United States
Wales Kembra[19] Wales, Cymru

Australia

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Australian Capital Territory Tiredh an Bennsita Ostralek Australian Capital Territory
Launceston Lannstevan Launceston
Northern Territory Tiredh an Kledhbarth Northern Territory

Belgium

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Flanders Pow Flamanek Vlaanderen
Flandre
Flandern

Canada

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Newfoundland Tir Nowydh Newfoundland
Terre-Neuve
Ktaqmkuk
Nova Scotia Alban Nowydh Nova Scotia
Alba Nuadh
Nouvelle-Écosse
Nopa Sko'sia

Czech Republic

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Bohemia Bohem[20] Čechy

England

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Cambridge Kargront[21] Cambridge
Canterbury Kargens[21] Canterbury
Carlisle Karliwelydh Carlisle
Chester Kardeva Chester Deva was the Celtic name for the River Dee on which Chester stands
Chichester Kargisi Chichester Named after Cissa, the son of Ælle, king of the South Saxons
Cirencester Kargyrn Cirencester The Ancient Greek name Korinion derives from the same root as the name for Cornwall, but the second element changed due to Norman influence
Exeter Karesk[22] Exeter
London Loundres[23] London
Oxford Rysoghen[24] Oxford
Plymouth Aberplymm[25] Plymouth
Somerset Gwlas an Hav Somerset
York Evrek[26] York

France

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Brittany Breten Vyghan[27] Bretagne
Breizh
Bertaèyn
Rennes Roazon Rennes
Roazhon
Resnn

Greece

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Athens Athenys[28] Αθήνα (Athína)
Ἀθῆναι (Athênai)

Ireland

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Dublin Dulyn Dublin
Baile Átha Cliath 		Same name in Welsh

Italy

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Rome Rom Roma

Mexico

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Baja California Kaliforni Isel Baja California

Palestine

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Jerusalem Yerusalem[29] القُدس (Al-Quds)
יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim)

Saudi Arabia

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Mecca Mekka مكة (Makka)

Scotland

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Edinburgh Karedin Edinburgh
Dùn Èideann

Spain

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Basque Country Pow Bask Euskadi
País Vasco
Pays Basque
Catalonia Kataloni Catalunya
Cataluña

Syria

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Damascus Damaskus دمشق (Dimašq)
ܕܰܪܡܣܘܩ (Darmswq)

United States

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Maryland Tir Maria Maryland

Wales

English name Cornish name Endonym Notes
Anglesey Enys Mon Ynys Môn
Anglesey
Brecon Aberhondhu Brecon
Aberhonddu
Caerphilly Karfili Caerphilly
Caerffili
Cardiff Kardydh[22] Cardiff
Caerdydd
Carmarthen Karverdhin Carmarthen
Caerfyrddin
Clwyd Kloes Clwyd
Dyfed Dyves Dyfed
Holyhead Kargybi Holyhead
Caergybi
Merthyr Tydfil Merthyr Tusvil Merthyr Tydfil
Merthyr Tudful
Newport Kasnowydh Newport
Casnewydd
Snowdon An Wodhva Snowdon
Yr Wyddfa
Swansea Abertawa Swansea
Abertawe

Miscellaneous

International organisations

English name Cornish name Notes
African Union Unys Afrika
Arab League Kesunyans Arab
ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) KWKASE (Kowethas Kenedhlow Asi Soth-Est)
Commonwealth of Nations Kemmynwlas a Genedhlow
European Union Unyans Europek
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) KOKAN (Kowethyans Kevambos an Atlantek Kledh)
United Nations Kenedhlow Unys
World Health Organization Kowethyans Yeghes an Bys
World Trade Organization Kowethyans Kenwerth an Bys

Oceans and seas

English name Cornish name Literal meaning Notes
Arctic Ocean Keynvor Arktek Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean Keynvor Atlantek[30] Atlantic Ocean
Baltic Sea Mor Baltek Baltic Sea
Black Sea Mor Du Black Sea
Caribbean Sea Mor Karib Carib(bean) Sea
Caspian Sea Mor Kaspian Caspian Sea
Celtic Sea Mor Keltek Celtic Sea
Dead Sea Mor Marow Dead Sea
English Channel Mor Bretannek British Sea
Indian Ocean Keynvor Eyndek[30] Indian Ocean
Mediterranean Sea Kresvor Middle sea Blend of "kres" (middle) and "vor" (sea, mutation of "mor")
North Sea Mor Kledh North Sea
Pacific Ocean Keynvor Hebask[30] Peaceful Ocean
Red Sea An Mor Rudh[31] The sea red
Sea of Japan Mor Japan, Mor Nihon Sea of Japan
South China Sea Mor China Deghow South China Sea
Southern Ocean Keynvor Deghow South(ern) Ocean
Tasman Sea Mor Tasman, Mor Tasmani Tasman Sea, Sea of Tasmania

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Cornish dictionary". Akademi Kernewek.
  2. ^ "Gerlyver Kernewek" (in Cornish). Akademi Kernewek.
  3. ^ George, Ken, ed. (2020). An gerlyver meur: Cornish-English, English-Cornish dictionary. Cornish Language Board. ISBN 978-1-908965-36-3. OCLC 1147879674.
  4. ^ Rod Lyon:English placenames in 'chester/caster' (Unpublished manuscript)
  5. ^ a b c d George 2009, p. 534.
  6. ^ George 2009, p. 52.
  7. ^ George 2009, p. 799.
  8. ^ George 2009, p. 803.
  9. ^ George 2009, p. 438.
  10. ^ George 2009, p. 833.
  11. ^ George 2009, p. 463.
  12. ^ George 2009, p. 834.
  13. ^ George 2009, p. 531.
  14. ^ George 2009, p. 533.
  15. ^ George 2009, p. 565.
  16. ^ George 2009, p. 51.
  17. ^ George 2009, p. 597.
  18. ^ George 2009, p. 907.
  19. ^ George 2009, p. 337.
  20. ^ George 2009, p. 710.
  21. ^ a b George 2009, p. 717.
  22. ^ a b George 2009, p. 327.
  23. ^ George 2009, p. 427.
  24. ^ George 2009, p. 567.
  25. ^ George 2009, p. 45.
  26. ^ George 2009, p. 200.
  27. ^ George 2009, p. 106.
  28. ^ George 2009, p. 700.
  29. ^ George 2009, p. 805.
  30. ^ a b c George 2009, p. 356.
  31. ^ George 2009, p. 462.

Bibliography

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