Clown coris

Clown coris
Male (terminal phase)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Labriformes
Family: Labridae
Genus: Coris
Species:
C. aygula
Binomial name
Coris aygula
Synonyms[2]
List
  • Coris angulata Lacépède, 1801
  • Labrus cingulum Lacépède, 1801
  • Hemicoris cingulum (Lacépède, 1801)
  • Julis cingulum (Lacépède, 1801)
  • Labrus aureomaculatus J.W. Bennett, 1830
  • Julis ruppelii E. T. Bennett, 1831
  • Julis gibbifrons Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
  • Julis semipunctatus Rüppell, 1835
  • Julis coris Valenciennes, 1839
  • Coris cyanea Macleay, 1883
  • Coris variegata Ramsay & Ogilby, 1887
  • Coris imbris Tanaka, 1918

The clown coris (Coris aygula), also known as the clown wrasse, false clownwrasse, humphead wrasse, hump-headed wrasse, red-blotched rainbowfish or twinspot wrasse,[3] is a species of wrasse native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

Distribution

In the Indian Ocean, C. aygula can be found from the Red Sea and the African coast eastward to the Line Islands and Ducie Island of the Pacific Ocean. Its Pacific range also extends to southern Japan to Lord Howe Island.[2]

Description

This species can reach a total length of 120 cm (47 in). A marked difference in appearance and coloration is noted between juveniles and adults: juveniles are white and orange with false eyes on the dorsal fin, while adults are uniformly dark green or with light banding. [2] Adults also develop a prominent, projecting forehead.[2]

Juvenile
Female
Male (terminal phase)

Habitat

C. aygula is an inhabitant of coral reefs where they prefer areas of rubble or sandy bottoms at depths from 2 to 30 m (6.6 to 98.4 ft), though juveniles can often be found in tide pools. They are generally solitary as adults.[2]

Ecology

Studies at Ningaloo Reef in Western Australia show that clown coris are important predators of the burrowing urchin, which the fish feed upon by crushing the urchin in their jaws.[4] In the Red Sea, however, clown coris have been observed preying on long-spined Diadema urchins by picking them up and bashing them apart against large rocks, rather than using their jaws outright.[5]

References

  1. ^ Choat, J.H.; Pollard, D. (2010). "Coris aygula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010 e.T187802A8632709. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187802A8632709.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Coris aygula". FishBase. August 2013 version.
  3. ^ Bray, D.J. (2017). "Coris aygula". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  4. ^ Johansson, C. L.; Bellwood, D. R.; Depczynski, M.; Hoey, A. S. (2013-04-01). "The distribution of the sea urchin Echinometra mathaei (de Blainville) and its predators on Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia: The implications for top-down control in an intact reef system". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 442: 39–46. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.027. ISSN 0022-0981.
  5. ^ Fricke, H. W. (1973-03-01). "Behaviour as part of ecological adaptation". Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen. 24 (1): 120–144. doi:10.1007/BF01609505. ISSN 1438-3888.