Cariamanga
Cariamanga
Cariamanga | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| San Pedro Mártir de Cariamanga | |
|
Flag | |
Cariamanga | |
| Coordinates: 4°19′12″S 79°33′36″W / 4.32000°S 79.56000°W | |
| Country | Ecuador |
| Province | Loja |
| Canton | Calvas |
| Founded | 29 April 1546 |
| Founded by | Gonzalo Pizarro[2] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Jorge Montero Rodríguez |
| Area | |
• Total | 3.32[3] km2 (1.28 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,950 m (6,400 ft) |
| Population (2022 census) | |
• Total | 13,175[1] |
| • Density | 3,970/km2 (10,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (ECT) |
| Postal code | 110606, 110607 |
| Area code | (+593) 7 |
| Climate | Cwb |
Cariamanga, officially San Pedro Mártir de Cariamanga is a town in southern Ecuador and the seat of Calvas Canton in Loja Province. The urban parish occupies a compact plateau beneath the twin-peaked Cerro Ahuaca and serves as a commercial hub between Loja and the Peru border at Macará.[4][5]
Etymology
Local historiography records the colonial style San Pedro Mártir de Cariamanga. Municipal tradition also attributes the toponym Cariamanga to Quichua curi (gold) and manga (pot), a folk etymology not universally accepted by linguists.[6]
History
Spanish foundation is dated to 29 April 1546, during campaigns in southern Quito Province; documentary syntheses attribute the act to Gonzalo Pizarro.[7]
Geography
Cariamanga lies at about 1,950 metres (6,400 ft) on a tableland beneath Cerro Ahuaca, a twin-peaked inselberg rising to roughly 2,470 metres (8,100 ft) that dominates the northern skyline and is a local hiking venue.[8]
Ecology and wildlife
The granite outcrop of Cerro Ahuaca is the only confirmed locality of the mountain viscacha Lagidium ahuacaense, first observed in 2005 near Cariamanga and formally described in 2009. The species is restricted to rocky habitats on the Cerro and was recommended for assessment as Critically Endangered due to its small range and population.[9][10][11][12]
Demographics
According to the 2022 national census compiled by INEC, the urban population of the Cariamanga parish is 13,175 out of a total parish population of 19,551.[13]
Economy
Cariamanga functions as a service and trade center for the surrounding highland valleys. Specialty coffee from farms on Cerro Ahuaca’s slopes contributes to the local agro-economy and export micro-lots.[14]
Culture and landmarks
- Cerro Ahuaca – emblematic twin-peaked formation with panoramic viewpoints.[15]
Transport
Cariamanga sits on the Loja–Macará corridor; intercity buses link to Loja and Macará and the E682 provides access toward La Balsa and the Andean piedmont.[16][17]
Climate
| Climate data for Cariamanga, elevation 1,950 m (6,400 ft) (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.7 (74.7) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.6 (76.3) |
25.2 (77.4) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) |
12.6 (54.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
11.3 (52.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
11.5 (52.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
11.5 (52.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 110.0 (4.33) |
202.0 (7.95) |
294.0 (11.57) |
204.0 (8.03) |
77.0 (3.03) |
27.0 (1.06) |
7.0 (0.28) |
14.0 (0.55) |
26.0 (1.02) |
57.0 (2.24) |
50.0 (1.97) |
65.0 (2.56) |
1,133 (44.59) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 85 | 86 | 90 | 81 | 76 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 77 | 76 | 81 | 79 |
| Source: FAO[18] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Jerónimo Carrión (1804–1873), lawyer and statesman, President of Ecuador (1865–1867); born in Cariamanga.[19][20]
- José María Riofrío y Valdivieso (1794–1877), Roman Catholic prelate; Archbishop of Quito (1861–1867).[21][22]
- Moisés Oliva Jiménez (1874–1926), army general; first president of the Círculo Militar (1916); born in San Pedro Mártir de Cariamanga.[23][24]
- Max Berrú (1942–2018), Ecuadorian–Chilean musician; co-founder and lead singer of Inti-Illimani; born in Cariamanga.[25][26]
- Jordy Jiménez (born 1994), Olympic racewalker; born in Cariamanga.[27][28][29]
See also
References
- ^ "Cariamanga (Parish, Ecuador)". Citypopulation.de. Thomas Brinkhoff. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cariamanga". Enciclopedia del Ecuador (in Spanish). Efrén Avilés Pino. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cariamanga (Parish, Ecuador)". Citypopulation.de. Thomas Brinkhoff. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Fundación (reseña histórica)". GAD Calvas (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cariamanga topographic map, elevation". Topographic-Map.com. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Fundación (reseña histórica)". GAD Calvas (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cariamanga". Enciclopedia del Ecuador (in Spanish). Efrén Avilés Pino. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cerro Ahuaca : Climbing, Hiking & Mountaineering". Summitpost. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ Ledesma, K. J.; Werner, F. A.; Spotorno, A. E.; Albuja, L. H. (2009). "A new species of mountain viscacha (Chinchillidae: Lagidium Meyen) from the Ecuadorean Andes" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2126: 41–57. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ Werner, F. A.; Ledesma, K. J.; Hidalgo, R. (2006). "Mountain vizcacha (Lagidium cf. peruanum) in Ecuador – first record of Chinchillidae from the northern Andes" (PDF). Mastozoología Neotropical. 13 (2): 271–274. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Lagidium ahuacaense • Ecuadorean Mountain Viscacha". American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Diversity Database. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Lagidium ahuacaense". GBIF. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cariamanga (Parish, Ecuador)". Citypopulation.de. Thomas Brinkhoff. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cerro Ahuaca, from Cariamanga, Loja, Ecuador". The Coffee Quest. 22 April 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Cerro Ahuaca : Climbing, Hiking & Mountaineering". Summitpost. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Unión Cariamanga Internacional". unioncariamanga.ec (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Loja to Cariamanga – bus operators". Rome2Rio. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "CLIMWAT climatic database". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Carrión, Jerónimo (1801–1873)". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ Buriano Castro, Ana (2013). "Ecuador 1868: la frustración de una transición. Coyuntura y representación". Historia Mexicana. 63 (2): 531–594. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Riofrío Valdivieso, José María". Diccionario biográfico del Ecuador (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Biografía del Ilmo. y Rmo. Arzobispo, Dr. José María Riofrío y Valdivieso". Biblioteca del Ministerio de Cultura del Ecuador (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Nuestra historia". Círculo Militar del Ecuador (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Círculo Militar de las Fuerzas Armadas (Libro conmemorativo)" (PDF). Centro de Estudios Históricos del Ejército (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Max Berrú: el adiós a un músico de la mitad del mundo que hizo de Chile su hogar". La Tercera (in Spanish). 1 May 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "A los 74 años, falleció Max Berrú, fundador de Inti-Illimani". EMOL (in Spanish). 1 May 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Jordy Jiménez, deportista olímpico que inspira generaciones". La Hora (in Spanish). 9 June 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Jordy Rafael Jiménez Arrobo". World Athletics. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
- ^ "Jordy Rafael JIMÉNEZ ARROBO". Olympics.com. Retrieved 5 October 2025.