Camillo Orsini
Camillo Orsini | |
|---|---|
Painting of Camillo Orsini | |
| Born | 1492 |
| Died | April 1559 (aged 66–67) |
| Allegiance | Republic of Venice |
| Conflicts | |
Camillo Orsini was an Italian leader and Captain General of the Church.
Biography
He was the son of Paolo Orsini (1450-1503), Marquis of Atripalda and Lord of Mentana, and of Giulia Santacroce. At the age of ten he was initiated into the profession of arms, in 1508 he was in the service of Bartolomeo d'Alviano in Cadore, then in 1510 he passed into the service of the Papal States.[1] He held the position until Pope Leo X deposed and executed his father-in-law Giampaolo Baglioni, lord of Perugia. In 1522 he passed into the service of Venice until 1543, also taking part in the battle of Pavia in 1525. He escaped the sack of Rome by the imperials in 1527. In August 1529 he led the Venetian land troops in the attack and capture of the castles of Brindisi, an enterprise rendered useless by the subsequent Peace of Cambrai.[2]
In 1543 he retired to Ferrara and in 1547 returned to the service of the Papal States. After the assassination of Pier Luigi Farnese, Pope Paul III appointed him governor of Parma, remaining in office until the appointment of Duke Ottavio Farnese.[3] In 1551-1552 he commanded the papal army in the war of Parma led by Pope Julius III against the Farnese. Pope Paul IV entrusted him with the defense of Rome during the war against the Kingdom of Naples in 1556-1557, appointing him Captain General of the Church on 27 January 1559 and member of the Sacred Council on 3 February 1559. He died in Rome on 8 April 1559.[4]
Camillo was brave in battle, but cautious and slow in his counsel, giving greater praise to the prudent than to the bold: a bitter hater of indiscipline, he punished the heads of many of his soldiers in Dalmatia, and brought them to such order that it was said that a soldier of the Orsino seemed like a French monk: he made great professions of honor, and in that age of treachery, his name is among the very few who passed away blamed.
— Domenico Promis speaking of Camillo Orsini
Descendants
Camillo Orsini married Brigida Orsini in his first marriage[5], with whom he had a son:
- Paolo (?-1581), leader, married Lavinia della Rovere
He married Elisabetta Baglioni as his second wife, with whom he had: Giulia (?-1598), married Baldassarre
- Rangoni
- Virginio
- Maddalena (1534-1605), a nun, had the now extinct Church of Santa Maria Maddalena al Quirinale built in Rome
- John, leader
Camillo also had two natural children:
- Fabio, died young
- Latino (?-ca. 1581), leader, who continued the lineage that died out with Francesco Felice (+ Vienna 1679), son of Alessandro (ca. 1611 - 1692), 1st Prince of Amatrice.
Notes
- ^ Fought for the Holy Roman Empire
- ^ Fought for the Papal States
- ^ Fought for the Holy Roman Empire
References
- ^ Catto 2013.
- ^ Schroll 1966, pp. 238.
- ^ Karsten 2007, pp. 60.
- ^ Pirntke 2018, pp. 88.
- ^ Litta 1846.
Bibliography
- Litta, Pompeo (1846). Famiglie celebri italiane. Orsini di Roma (in Italian). Torino. p. tav. XXVI.
- Catto, Michela (2013). Cristiani senza pace. La Chiesa, gli eretici e la guerra nella Roma del Cinquecento (in Italian). Rome. ISBN 978-88-6036-738-9.
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- Schroll, A. (1966). Yearbook of the Art Historical Collections of the Imperial House.
- Karsten, Arne (2007). Bernini: The Creator of Baroque Rome; Life and Work. Munich.
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- Pirntke, Gunter (2018). Rodrigo Borgia – The Misunderstood Pope.