Belle Reynolds
Belle Reynolds | |
|---|---|
Portrait of Belle Reynolds | |
| Born | Arabella Loomis Macomber October 20, 1840 |
| Died | July 28, 1937 (aged 96) |
| Education | Hahnemann College |
| Occupations |
|
| Board member of | Woman's Parliament of Southern California, President (1898) |
| Medical career | |
| Profession | Medical doctor |
| Field | Pediatrics and women’s medicine |
| Institutions | Home for the Friendless |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | United States (Union) |
| Branch | United States Army (Union) |
| Service years | 1861-1864 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Regiment |
| Commands | American Civil War |
| Known for | First woman major in the United States Army |
| Conflicts | |
| Spouse |
Lt. William S. Reynolds
(m. 1860; div. 1884) |
Arabella Loomis Macomber Reynolds (née Macomber; October 20, 1840 – July 28, 1937), better known as Belle Reynolds, was an American Civil War nurse, physician, and woman's club leader.
Reynolds joined her husband Lieutenant William S. Reynolds who was enlisted with the Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Regiment and traveled with him to battle during the American Civil War. She became a heroine because of her involvement in the Battle of Shiloh, where Belle helped the wounded soldiers.[1][2]
Early life and family
Belle Macomber was born in Shelburne Falls, Massachusetts. Thence, her family removed to Iowa, where the young girl had many pioneer experiences.[3] Returning East to complete her education, she afterward became a school teacher in the then wilderness of Cass County, Iowa. Marrying, in 1860, Mr. Reynolds of Illinois, she removed to Peoria, where on the anniversary of her wedding she heard the news of the firing upon Fort Sumter.
Civil War service
A few months later, she was with her husband, following the fortunes of war, in the Seventeenth Illinois.[3] Reynolds was eighteen years old at the time.[4] She arrived at the camp on August 11, 1861, and after three days of convincing the regiment's colonel, headed to the front with them.[4]
From that time until the close of the war, she experienced the genuine hardships of a soldier's life — sleeping upon the ground, sometimes with the luxury of a blanket, grateful when hardtack was obtainable, going sometimes for a week at a time without a night's sleep while she nursed the sick, attended the wounded, comforted the dying.[5] Reynolds moved with the regiment, sometimes marching beside the troops. With the regiment, she traveled to the Mississippi River with General Grant's campaigns at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson.[6] It was not alone for her courageous defense of a transport of wounded soldiers, but for devoted service upon all occasions, that she was singled out by Gov. Yates, who presented her with the title of Major.[5] The commission bore the note, “Given to Mrs. Belle Reynolds for meritorious conduct in camp and on the bloody field of Shiloh, as daughter of the regiment, with the rank of Major."[5] The governor afterward presented her with a beautiful horse. She entered Vicksburg with the victorious troops and remained with her regiment until it was mustered out in 1864.[7]
Life after the war
At the close of the war, she began the study of medicine and surgery, which she practiced thereafter, being for years on the clinical staff of Hahnemann College, in Chicago. She was a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, the Clinical Society of Hahnemann, and an honorary member of the Connecticut River Valley Medical Society of Massachusetts. Reynolds traveled much in Europe and the Far East, including with the Red Cross to the Philippines during the Philippine–American War.[3][8] She continued practicing her profession in Santa Barbara, California where she became allied with progressive movements of the day. She served as President of the Woman's Parliament of Southern California in 1898.[7]
Dr. Belle Reynolds died in Santa Barbara, California, on July 28, 1937, the Associated Press reported her death on the same day, identifying her as the "first woman major in the United States army."[9][10]
References
- ^ "Major Belle Reynolds of Peoria". Archived from the original on 2011-05-18. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
- ^ Canon, Jill (1991). Civil War Heroines. Bellerophon Books. ISBN 978-0-88388-147-7. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- ^ a b c Lindberg, Melissa. "Research Guides: Civil War Men and Women: Glimpses of Their Lives Through Photography: Belle Reynolds: Nurse, Major and Doctor". guides.loc.gov. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- ^ a b Leonard, Elizabeth D. (1999). All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies. New York: W.W.Norton and Company. p. 126. ISBN 0393047121.
- ^ a b c Tsui, Bonnie (2006). She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War. Guilford: TwoDot. p. 121. ISBN 0762743840.
- ^ Leonard, Elizabeth D. (1999). All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies. New York: W.W. Norton and Company. p. 127. ISBN 0393047121.
- ^ a b Pattee 1898, pp. 138, 284, 285.
- ^ Redmon, Michael (5 June 2008). "Question: Belle Reynolds". The Santa Barbara Independent. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- ^ "DR. BELLE REYNOLDS, SERVED IN CIVIL WAR; First Woman Commissioned a Major in United States Army Dies in California at 96". The New York Times. 30 July 1937. p. 19. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- ^ "Belle Reynolds Dies; Was First Woman Major". Duluth News Tribune. Newspapers.com. 29 July 1937. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: F. A. Pattee's Out West: A Magazine of the Old Pacific and the New (1898)
- Moore, Frank (1867), Women of the war, Hartford, CT: S. S. Scranton, pp. 254–277, OL 23268880M
- Bibliography
- Canon, Jill (2000). Civil War Heroines. Santa Barbara, CA: Bellerphon Books. ISBN 0883881470. OCLC 50333182.
- Leonard, Elizabeth D. (1999). All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies. New York: W.W.Norton and Company. ISBN 0393047121. OCLC 40543151.
- Pattee, F. A. (1898). Out West: A Magazine of the Old Pacific and the New (Public domain ed.). F. A. Pattee & Company.
- Tsui, Bonnie (2006). She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War. Guilford: TwoDot. ISBN 0762743840.
External links
- Media related to Arabella Loomis Macomber Reynolds at Wikimedia Commons