Bayankhongor
Bayankhongor
Баянхонгор ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ | |
|---|---|
| Bayankhongor District | |
| Official Cyrillic transcription(s) | |
| • Mongolian Cyrillic | Баянхонгор |
| Classical Mongolian transcription(s) | |
| • Mongolian script | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ |
|
Flag | |
Bayankhongor Location in Mongolia | |
| Coordinates: 46°11′30″N 100°43′04″E / 46.19167°N 100.71778°E | |
| Country | Mongolia |
| Province | Bayankhongor |
| Area | |
• Total | 64.0 km2 (24.7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,874 m (6,148 ft) |
| Population (2026) | |
• Total | 33,147 |
| • Density | 518/km2 (1,340/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 |
| Area code | +976 (0)144 |
| Climate | BSk |
| License plate | БХ_ (_ variable) |
Bayankhongor (Mongolian: Баянхонгор, lit. 'rich soft, or rich sweetheart') is the capital of the Bayankhongor Province (aimag) in Mongolia with the administration of the Bayankhongor Sum (district) also located at the same place. The city is at an elevation of 1859 m above sea level, and has a population of 33,147 (2026). Approximately one-third of the aimag's population lives in the city.[1]
History
The original founding of Bayankhongor city coincided with the creation of Bayankhongor Province in 1941 by Resolution No. 115 of the Speakers of the Assembly of Mongolia, Bayankhongor Province, and the Legislative Council of the Mongolian People's Republic. However, in the early years of the city it became apparent that the settlement was not suitable for large-scale human habitation that would befit a provincial capital. This is due to the fact that the land around the city was covered in permafrost. Therefore, the original site of the city was abandoned in 1961 in favour of its current-day location. The 900 families comprising more than 3500 people were relocated. Since then, the population of Bayankhongor city has increased substantially to comprise more than 33 thousand people.[2] More than 38% of the population of Bayankhor Province lives in the capital.[1]
Geography
Bayankhongor is located on the western bank of the Tuin river (ᠲᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ). In recent years mining in the region and climate change have had a negative impact on the river's water levels, threatening the city's access to freshwater. The city is connected to the rest of the country by road in the forms of the A0303 and A0302. It experiences a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) with long, dry, very cold winters and short, warm summers.
| Climate data for Bayankhongor, elevation 1,858 m (6,096 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1963–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) |
9.1 (48.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
27.3 (81.1) |
30.5 (86.9) |
33.0 (91.4) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.0 (93.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
34.5 (94.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.1 (12.0) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
22.9 (73.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
16.8 (62.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
8.0 (46.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.2 (−0.8) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
16.2 (61.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
0.9 (33.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−20.7 (−5.3) |
−5.2 (22.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.8 (−34.2) |
−35.9 (−32.6) |
−31.5 (−24.7) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−25.5 (−13.9) |
−34.5 (−30.1) |
−39.9 (−39.8) |
−39.9 (−39.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
5 (0.2) |
8 (0.3) |
16 (0.6) |
33 (1.3) |
55 (2.2) |
45 (1.8) |
17 (0.7) |
6 (0.2) |
3 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
196 (7.7) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.2 | 8.5 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 38.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 62.6 | 57.6 | 49.5 | 41.8 | 40.7 | 47.1 | 53.4 | 52.6 | 48.5 | 50.6 | 56.2 | 60.8 | 51.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 260.5 | 223.7 | 271.5 | 275.1 | 320.1 | 309.6 | 308.8 | 293.2 | 280.8 | 261.7 | 220.6 | 205.4 | 3,231 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.4 | 7.9 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 8.9 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[3] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun 1962-1990),[4][5] Deutscher Wetterdienst (daily sun 1962-1990)[6] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
The district is divided into ten bags, which are:[7]
- Duursakh
- Erdenemandal
- Gegeen shavi
- Nomgon
- Rashaant
- Shargaljuut*
- Tsagaanchuluut
- Tsakhir
- Ugalz
- Yesunbulag
* Shargaljuut is an urban-type settlement under Bayankhongor sum jurisdiction, but located 54 km NE from Bayankhongor city.
Tourist attractions
Transportation
The Bayankhongor Airport (BVN/ZMBH) has two runways, one of them paved.
References
- ^ a b "В Монголии увеличат автономию аймаков". БУРЯАД YНЭН (in Russian). Retrieved 2026-02-03.
- ^ "Баянхонгор". Монгол Улсын Засгийн Газар (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-02-03.
- ^ КЛИМАТ БАЯНХОНГОРА (in Russian). Pogoda.ru.net. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "Bayankhongor Climate Normals 1962-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Bayanhongor / Mongolei" (PDF). Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
- ^ "Resident Population in Mongolia, by Bag/Khoroo". Mongolian Statistical Information Service. Retrieved 28 February 2025.