List of banks in Romania

The following list of banks in Romania is to be understood within the framework of the European single market, which means that Romania's banking system is more open to cross-border banking operations than peers outside of the European Union.

Systemically important banks

As of 2025, the following Romanian banks were designated as systemically important, listed here by decreasing score of systemic importance:[1]

Other commercial banks

As of early 2026, the National Bank of Romania listed the additional commercial banks in addition to the above:[2]

Cooperative banks

The Banca Centrală Cooperatistă Creditcoop acts as the central entity of a cooperative banking group that, as of early 2026, comprised 31 local cooperative banks, respectively headquartered in Arad, Pitești, Onești, Bacău, Marghita, Ștei, Oradea, Bistrița, Botoșani, Codlea, Brașov, Bucharest, Buzău, Călărași, Cluj-Napoca, Sfântu Gheorghe, Târgoviște, Craiova, Târgu Jiu, Deva, Iași, Sighetu Marmației, Baia Mare, Târnăveni, Slatina, Ploiești, Suceava, Tulcea, Râmnicu Vâlcea, Vaslui, and Focșani.[2]

Development bank

The Romanian Investment and Development Bank was established in 2023 and is under the prudential supervision of the National Bank of Romania.[3]

Romanian branches of international banks

As of early 2026, the following banks based in the European Economic Area had branches in Romania:[2]

As of October 2025, there were no branches of banks located outside the European Economic Area ("third-country branches") in Romania, based on data compiled by the European Banking Authority.[4]

Market shares

The following table tracks the respective market shares of banks in Romania, in terms of assets (above 1%).[5][6][7][8][9]


Bank 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
1 Banca Transilvania 20.90% 20.15% 19.11% 19.55% 18.46% 17.72% 16.48%[a] 13.87% 13.15% 12.60%[b] 9.80% 8.90%
2 Banca Comercială Română 13.68% 13.44% 13.95% 13.93% 14.20% 14.43% 15.05% 15.83% 16.28% 15.80% 16.20% 17.50%
3 CEC Bank 11.26% 10.41% 8.83% 7.92% 7.37% 6.64% 6.50% 7.41% 7.16% 7.30% 7.70% 7.40%
4 BRD – Groupe Société Générale 9.75% 10.13% 10.20% 10.48% 11.01% 11.28% 11.99% 12.50% 12.87% 13.00% 12.40% 13.00%
5 Raiffeisen Bank 9.31% 8.73% 8.85% 9.25% 9.16% 8.66% 8.88% 8.44% 8.49% 8.40% 7.90% 7.30%[d]
6 ING Bank 8.85% 8.93% 9.00% 9.27% 9.55% 9.01% 8.51% 7.87% 7.08% 6.30% 5.10% 5.00%
7 UniCredit Bank 8.23% 8.43% 8.62% 7.84% 8.11% 8.99% 9.21% 8.78% 8.30% 8.10%[c] 7.90% 7.60%
8 Exim Banca Românească 3.03% 3.29% 3.28% 2.30% 2.11%[i] 1.57% 1.60% 1.30% 1.09% 1.00% 1.10% 1.10%
9 Alpha Bank 2.55% 2.93% 3.01% 2.92% 3.20% 3.60% 3.76% 3.66% 3.74% 4.00% 4.60% 4.50%
10 OTP Bank 1.90% 2.46% 2.84% 2.89% 2.65% 2.68% 2.45% 2.14% 2.09% 2.30%[e] 1.30% 1.30%
11 Garanti BBVA 1.89% 1.90% 1.91% 1.78% 1.91% 2.19% 2.27% 2.33% 2.28% 2.50% 2.20% 2.00%
12 Citibank[f] 1.78% 1.77% 2.05% 1.91% 1.98% 2.06% 1.78% 1.57% 1.73% 2.30% 2.40% 1.80%
13 Libra Internet Bank 1.44% 1.39% 1.39% 1.50% 1.31% 1.32% 1.21% 1.08% 0.86% 0.60% 0.50% 0.30%
14 Vista Bank 1.00% 1.18% 1.16%[i]
15 Intesa Sanpaolo 0.91% 0.92% 1.09% 1.09% 1.15% 1.33% 1.26% 1.05%[h] 1.04% 1.10% 1.20% 1.40%
16 First Bank[g] 0.85% 1.04% 1.10% 1.09% 1.31% 1.30% 1.50% 1.51% 1.67% 1.90% 2.50% 2.50%
Notes
a Banca Transilvania acquired Bancpost in 2018 from Eurobank.
b Banca Transilvania acquired Volksbank Group's Romanian subsidiary in 2015.
c UniCredit Bank acquired Royal Bank of Scotland's Romanian subsidiary in 2015.
d Raiffeisen Bank acquired Citibank's retail banking operations in 2013.
e OTP Bank acquired Millennium BCP's Romanian subsidiary in 2015.
f Citibank sold its retail banking operations to Raiffeisen Bank in 2015, and currently only has corporate banking operations on the local market.
g First Bank was known as Piraeus Bank until 2018, when the Piraeus Bank Group left the Romanian market and sold its subsidiary to J.C. Flowers & Co.
h Intesa Sanpaolo acquired Veneto Banca, including its Romanian subsidiary, in 2017.
i EximBank acquired Banca Românească, a subsidiary of National Bank of Greece, in 2020 and completed the merger in 2022.
j Vista Bank acquired Credit Agricole's Romanian subsidiary in 2021.

Defunct banks

  • Banca Marmorosch Blank (1848-1948)
  • Bank of Romania (1865-1948)
  • Banca Albina din Sibiu (1871-1948)
  • Banca Agricolă (1872-2002)
  • Central Bank for Industry and Commerce (1887-1950)
  • Romanian Credit Bank (1888-1950)
  • Banca Generală Română (1897-1919)
  • Bancorex (1968-1999)
  • Anglo Romanian Bank (1973-2011)
  • Bankcoop (1990-2000)
  • Credit Bank (1990-1996)
  • Bancpost (1991-2019)
  • Banca Comercială Carpatica (1991-2017)
  • Dacia Felix Bank (1991-2000)
  • Banca Românească (1992-2023)
  • Banca Internațională a Religiilor (1993-2000)
  • Credit Europe Bank Romania (1993-2025)
  • Columna Bank (1995-1998)
  • First Bank (1995-2025)
  • OTP Bank Romania (1995-2024)
  • RBS Romania (1995-2015)
  • Banca Italo Romena (1996-2017)
  • Banca Română de Scont (1996-2002)
  • Crédit Agricole Bank Romania (1999-2021)
  • Volksbank Romania (2000-2015)
  • Nova Bank (2002-2006)
  • Millennium Bank Romania (2007-2015)
  • Alior Bank Romania (2016-2024)

Additional discontinued operations

Bank Licence withdrawn Fate Date
Albina Bank 13 May 1999 Bankruptcy 25 May 1999
Investment and Development Bank 29 March 2002 Dissolved 11 March 2002
Turkish-Romanian Bank 30 April 2002 Bankruptcy 3 July 2002
HVB Bank Merged with Banca Comerciala Ion Tiriac as HVB Tiriac Bank 31 August 2006
Banca di Roma The group, including its Romanian branch, merged with Unicredit 12 June 2008
Banca CR Firenze The group, including its Romanian subsidiary, merged with Intesa Sanpaolo. 1 October 2012
Veneto Banca 8 June 2018 The group, including its Romanian branch, merged with Intesa Sanpaolo. 27 June 2017
Piraeus Bank The Romanian subsidiary of Piraeus Bank was acquired by J.C. Flowers & Co., whom later changed the bank's name to First Bank on 30 October 2018. 28 June 2018
Bank of Cyprus 1 January 2019 Sold its assets and liabilities to Marfin Bank (now known as Vista Bank) in 2013, and closed in 2018. 31 December 2018
National Bank of Greece The Romanian subsidiary of National Bank of Greece, Banca Românească, was acquired by the Romanian state-owned corporate bank EximBank. 23 January 2020
Bank Leumi 30 April 2020 Bank Leumi's Romanian subsidiary merged with First Bank. 31 April 2020
Alpha Bank The Romanian subsidiary of Alpha Bank merged with UniCredit. 18 August 2025

See also

References

  1. ^ "The EBA updates list of other systemically important institutions". European Banking Authority. 15 May 2025.
  2. ^ a b c "Register of credit institutions / PART I - Credit institutions, Romanian legal persons". National Bank of Romania. Retrieved 12 March 2026.
  3. ^ State Aid SA. 104762 (2022/N) – Romania; Set-up of the Investment and Development Bank (PDF), European Commission, 31 January 2023
  4. ^ "The EBA updates list of third-country groups and branches operating in the European Union and the European Economic Area", European Banking Authority, 13 October 2025
  5. ^ "Topuri Banci". Bancherul. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  6. ^ "Topul bancilor la cresterea activelor in 2019: Banca Transilvania a fost performera sistemului bancar, urmata de ING si CEC Bank". Bancherul. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  7. ^ Cornel Dinu (28 June 2021). "TOPUL BĂNCILOR DUPĂ ACTIVE ÎN 2020. O NOUĂ BANCĂ ROMÂNEASCĂ ÎNTRĂ ÎN TOP 10 DUPĂ CE GARANTI BBVA A PIERDUT DOUĂ LOCURI. DOAR 5 DINTRE CELE MAI MARI ZECE BĂNCI DIN ROMÂNIA ȘI-AU MAJORAT COTA DE PIAȚĂ ÎN PANDEMIE". Ziarul Financiar. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  8. ^ Mihai Baniţă (4 July 2022). "Topul integral al băncilor în 2021. Banca Transilvania se desprinde în vârf, CEC Bank urcă o poziție, Eximbank se pregătește pentru salt, cota ING Bank scade în premieră, după mulți ani". Profit.ro. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  9. ^ Mihai Baniţă (24 June 2025). "Topul integral al băncilor. Schimbare la vârf". Profit.ro. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
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