Bali Regional House of Representatives

The Bali Regional House of Representatives (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Bali; Balinese: ᬤᬾᬯᬦ᭄​ᬧᭂᬃᬯᬓᬶᬮᬦ᭄​ᬭᬓᬢ᭄​ᬤᬳᬾᬭᬄ​ᬧ᭄ᬭᭀᬯ᬴ᬶᬦ᭄ᬲᬶ​ᬩᬮᬶ, abbreviated to DPRD Bali) is the unicameral legislature of the Indonesian province of Bali. It is composed of 55 members who are elected through general elections once five years, simultaneously with the national legislative election. The leadership of the Bali Provincial DPRD consists of 1 speaker and 3 deputy speakers who come from the political party with the largest number of seats and votes.

The members of the Bali Provincial DPRD for the 2024–2029 term were elected in the 2024 general election and officially sworn in on September 2, 2024, at the Bali Provincial DPRD Building. The house is made up of representatives from six political parties, with the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) holding the largest share at 32 seats.^[2]

During the Dutch East Indies government and throughout the Japanese occupation, Bali maintained a quasi-legislative/advisory body, the Paruman Agung, founded in 1938 and counting eight monarchs of Bali as members. In the Indonesian National Revolution, the Paruman Agung was expanded to include 36 members in 1946, and in 1947 the body was divided into a council for the monarchs and a separate council of representatives to be elected.^[3]

By 1950, the council of monarchs was abolished, and legislative functions was transferred to a democratically elected Regional House of Representatives (DPRD). I Gusti Putu Merta served as the DPRD inaugural speaker. Among the early laws adopted by the speaker was the annulling of all local laws prohibiting inter-caste marriage in 1951, greatly changing Balinese society.^[3] The first election to the DPRD was held in 1955, with the Indonesian National Party winning the most votes and seats, followed by the Indonesian Socialist Party and the Indonesian Communist Party.^[4]

The legislature's current building was inaugurated in 1988, and was renovated after a fire in 2000. Prior to the current building, the legislature convened in a one-story building in the Sanur area of Denpasar.^[5]

The Bali Provincial DPRD is a regional people's representative institution whose position is as an organizing element of Regional Government in the Province of Bali.

The function of the Bali Provincial DPRD as regulated in Bali Provincial DPRD Regulation No. 10 of 2009 concerning the Rules of Procedure of the Bali Provincial DPRD is to make regional regulations together with the governor and carry out supervisory functions.^[6]

DPRD powers are classified under Law No. 17 of 2014 as legislative, budgeting, and supervisory powers, which includes creating regional laws, approving budgets proposed by the regional heads (governos/mayors/regents), and monitoring the spending of funds.^[7][8] Additionally, DPRD could propose the removal of a regional head the Ministry of Home Affairs, and may declare impeachment of a regional head.^[8][9] However, DPRD cannot remove regional heads from their positions, which remained the authority of the Supreme Court of Indonesia.^[9]

All DPRD members must be elected as members of political parties.^[10]

From the 1971 election until 2024, elections for DPRD were held simultaneously with those for the national legislature, the DPR.^[11] However, following a Constitutional Court decision in 2025, starting from the 2029 election, DPRD elections will be held separately from the national legislative elections.^[12]

Members are elected for five-year terms without term limits.^[13][14]. An exception applies for the elected members of the 2024-2029 period, whose term is extended until 2031 due to the new requirement of a 2-2.5 year gap between national elections and local elections.^[15]

Since the 2004 election, DPRD members have been elected through an open list proportional representation system,^[16] using the Sainte-Laguë method to allocate seats since the 2019 election.^[17]

The national parliamentary threshold, used in elections to the DPR, does not apply to DPRD elections. Although the 2014 election initially proposed a 3.5 percent threshold for both DPR and DPRD, the Constitutional Court of Indonesia struck down the threshold for DPRDs in 2013, limiting it to DPR elections only.^[18]

The following is the votes acquisition and seats acquisition parties competing in 2024 of the Bali Regional House of Representatives as a results of the 2024 general election.

In the 2024 legislative election, the Bali Provincial DPRD placed 55 representatives spread across several factions, with the most votes won by the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P).^[19][20][21]

The following is the composition of the members of the Bali Provincial DPRD in the last four periods.^{[22][23][24][25][26][27]}

Just like in the national legislature (DPR) the DPRD also has a parliamentary groups called faction or fraction (Indonesian: Fraksi, has a similarities to Fraktion in Germany), a faction is a forum for the DPRD members to gather in order to optimize the implementation of the functions, duties, and authorities as well as the rights and obligations of the DPRD. Each faction has at least the same number of members as the number of commissions in the DPRD.^[28] One faction in the Bali Provincial DPRD has at least 4 members. The Bali Provincial DPRD for the 2024-2029 period consists of 4 factions as follows:^[29]

Based on Article 110 Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, the DPRD Equipment (AKD) of the Province consists of:

1. Leadership
2. Deliberative Body (Bamus)
3. Commission
4. Regional Regulation Formation Body (Bapemperda)
5. Budget Agency (Banggar)
6. Honorary Council (BK)
7. Other Equipment (formed through a Plenary Meeting)

According to laws and regulations, the Provincial DPRD which has members: 35-44 people led by 1 speaker and 2 deputy speaker; 45-84 people led by 1 speaker and 3 deputy speaker; and 85-100 people led by 1 speaker and 4 deputy speaker.^[30] The leadership of the Bali DPRD consists of 1 Speaker and 3 Deputy Speaker who come from the political parties that won the first, second, and third most seats (and votes), respectively. PDI-P's Dewa Made Mahayadnya has served as speaker of the legislature since 8 October 2024.^[31] The following is a list of the Speakers of the Bali Provincial DPRD in the last three periods:^{[32][33][34][35]}

According to the provisions of the law, the Provincial DPRD with 35-55 members can form 4 commissions and the Provincial DPRD with more than 55 members can form 5 commissions.^[36] The Bali Provincial DPRD has four commissions as follows:

• Commission I for Law, Security, Politics, and Apparatus.
• Commission II for Tourism, Finance, and Regional Taxes.
• Commission III for Regional Development (Public Works, Urban Planning, Parks, Cleanliness, Transportation, Mining and Energy, Public Housing, Environment, Licensing and Forestry).
• Commission IV for Education, Arts, Customs, and Culture.

The following are the leaders of the AKD (bodies and commissions) of the Bali Provincial DPRD for the 2024-2029 period:^[29]

In the 2019 legislative election^[37] and 2024 legislative election,^[38] the Bali Provincial DPRD election is divided into 9 electoral districts known as Dapil (constituency) as follows:

^[39]

^[40]

• DPRD composition
• Composition of the Bali Provincial DPRD as a results of the 2024 Indonesian legislative election
• Composition of the Bali Provincial DPRD as a results of the 2019 Indonesian legislative election.

• The Speaker of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Vasudev Devnani meet with Dewa Made Mahayadnya the Speaker of the Bali Regional House of Representatives

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