Ayandeh Bank
| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| Farabourse: وآيند ISIN: IRO7AYNP0001 | |
| Industry | Financial services |
| Founded | 2009 (as Tat Bank) 2013 (as Ayandeh Bank) |
| Defunct | 23 October 2025 |
| Fate | Dissolved |
| Headquarters | Tehran, Iran |
Key people | Farshad Heydari (CEO); Ali Ansari (founder) |
| Products | |
| Total assets | 16,000 billion IRR (2017) |
Ayandeh Bank was an Iranian bank established in 2013 by Ali Ansari.[1] On 23 October 2025, its operating license was revoked, its banking operations were dissolved,[2] and the Central Bank of Iran merged it with Bank Melli Iran.[3]
History
Ayandeh Bank was established in August 2013 by Ali Ansari, following the merger of two credit institutions and a bank. It began functioning as a private bank under the supervision of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran in March 2015.[4] Ayandeh offered the highest interest rates to retail depositors of any bank in Iran but had many non-performing loans on its books.[1]
The bank's largest investment was Iran Mall, which opened in 2018.[1] In December 2020, the bank announced the sale of the mall for $3.5 billion in a move to divest its non-banking assets.[5] According to Tasnim news agency, "90% of the bank's resources were tied up in projects under its own management" when it was closed by banking authorities.[1][6]
Ayandeh operated 270 branches all over Iran, including 150 in Tehran.[7]
Dissolution
On 23 October 2025, the Central Bank of Iran revoked Ayandeh's operating license.[8] It announced that the bank would be dissolved and merged with Bank Melli, the government-run national bank.[7][9]
According to former Central Bank of Iran governor Mohammad-Reza Farzin, Ayandeh had accumulated losses of 5.5 quadrillion rials (about $5.1 billion), overdrafts totaling 3.13 quadrillion rials (about $2.9 billion), and a capital adequacy ratio of −600%.[8]
Much of the blame for the dissolution was placed on corruption.[10] Ayandeh was established at a time of weak regulatory oversight and high corruption in Iran's banking system. This instability coincided with economic pressures stemming from United Nations sanctions imposed on the country in connection with its nuclear program. During this period, numerous unlicensed financial institutions, many affiliated with state-owned enterprises, military organizations, or religious foundations, expanded rapidly across the nation. These entities attracted deposits by offering exceptionally high interest rates but frequently failed to honor repayment obligations, resulting in significant losses and restricted access to funds for many depositors.[10]
After gaining control of Ayandeh, Ali Ansari had tied the bank's financial position to Iran Mall,[11] whose financing was largely provided through the bank via extensive related-party lending to Ansari-linked companies. By 2025, Ayandeh had extended more than 140 trillion tomans in loans to affiliated entities, the majority of which were classified as doubtful receivables.[11] The largest borrower was the Iran Mall International Development Company, which accounted for roughly 70 percent of all related-party loans and the bulk of non-performing debt. Additional Ansari-linked firms and politically connected companies also received significant financing.[11]
Officials at the Central Bank of Iran accused the bank of running a Ponzi scheme.[6]
Affiliated companies
- Sanjesh Omid Ayandeh, investment consulting and financial services company[12]
- Ertebat Farda, electronic commerce company[13]
- Ayandeh Bank Brokerage Company[14]
Financial data
| Year | Sales | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| 2011–2012 | 4,630 | 125 |
| 2012–2013 | 11,561 | 86 |
| 2013–2014 | 41,617 | 37 |
| 2014–2015 | 73,839 | 24 |
| 2015–2016 | 111,297 | 1 |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Malsin, Jared (13 January 2026). "The Obscure Bank Collapse That Sent Iran Into a Tailspin". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2026.
- ^ Motevalli, Golnar (22 October 2025). "One of Iran's Biggest Banks Fails Amid Push to Tighten Standards". Bloomberg. Retrieved 23 October 2025.
- ^ Pouyan Mehr, Majid (13 November 2025). "Bank Ayandeh's dissolution and reforms in Iran's Islamic banking system". Islamic Finance News. Retrieved 14 January 2026.
- ^ "Ayandeh Bank History". ba24.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ Ayandeh Bank Wants to Sell $3.5 Billion Iran Mall, Financialtribune.com, 13 December 2020
- ^ a b "The Bank Collapse Behind Iran's Protests – The Journal. WSJ Podcasts". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ a b "Iran's Ayandeh Bank declares bankruptcy – The Digital Banker". 28 October 2025. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ a b "Iran takes over failing bank as sector struggles with economic headwinds". iranintl.com. 23 October 2025. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ Motamedi, Maziar. "Corruption, mismanagement in spotlight as Iran dissolves major private bank". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ a b Motamedi, Maziar. "Corruption, mismanagement in spotlight as Iran dissolves major private bank". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ a b c "Ayandeh Bank: How One Family Built a Bank to Feed Its Own Empire". Zamaneh Media. 6 November 2025. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ^ "سنجش اميد آينده". omidayandeh.ir. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
- ^ "EFARDA Official Web Site". efarda.ir. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
- ^ AyandehBank. "شرکتهای زیرمجموعهی بانک • بانک آینده". بانک آینده (in Persian). Retrieved 26 September 2017.