Artur Neiva
Artur Neiva | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 22, 1880 |
| Died | June 6, 1943 (aged 63) |
| Citizenship | Brazilian |
| Alma mater | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
| Known for |
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Artur Neiva (March 22, 1880 – June 6, 1943) was a Brazilian physician, entomologist, ethnographer, and politician who served as federal interventor of the state of Bahia.
Biography
Born in Salvador, Neiva began his studies at the Faculty of Medicine of Bahia before transferring to the Faculty of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro, from which he graduated. He was a disciple of Oswaldo Cruz at the Sorotherapic Institute. In 1911, Neiva described the bug Triatoma infestans, the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi.[1] As a public health professional, he conducted several sanitary campaigns against malaria.[2] In 1912, Neiva, alongside fellow physician Belisário Penna, undertook a scientific expedition through Pernambuco, Bahia, Goiás, and Piauí to document and describe the hygienic conditions, geography, climate, fauna, and flora of the region.[3]
In 1916, Neiva began directing São Paulo's Sanitary Service, where he planned campaigns to control syphilis.[4][5] Around that time, he drafted one of the first sanitary codes in Brazil, which prescribed hygienic measures and established public health standards for rural areas.[6]
From 1923 to 1926, Neiva directed the National Museum. Following the Revolution of 1930, he was appointed federal interventor of the state of Bahia, but soon left the office. He later participated in the Constituent Assembly that elaborated the 1934 Constitution, defending eugenicist positions.[7][8]
References
- ^ "Doença de Chagas: 115 anos da descoberta e cinco anos do Dia Mundial | Instituto Oswaldo Cruz". www.ioc.fiocruz.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-02-14.
- ^ Campos, Vieira de; Terêncio, Francisco (1930). "Artur Neiva". repositorio.ufba.br/ri/submit (in Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ Souza, Vanderlei Sebastião de (2009). "Arthur Neiva e a 'questão nacional' nos anos 1910 e 1920". História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos (in Portuguese). 16: 249–264. doi:10.1590/S0104-59702009000500012. ISSN 0104-5970.
- ^ Germek, Octavio Arminio (1941-03-31). "A Liga de Combate a Sífilis: sua ação em vinte anos de atividade". Revista de Medicina (in Brazilian Portuguese). 25 (87): 9–14. doi:10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v25i87p9-14. ISSN 1679-9836.
- ^ Peixoto, Priscila Bermudes; Carvalho, Leonardo Dallacqua de (2018). ""Memento lues, delenda lues!" A profilaxia e o tratamento da sífilis na Revista de Medicina nos anos 1920". Esboços: histórias em contextos globais (in Portuguese). 25 (40): 391–412.
- ^ "ARTHUR NEIVA: O IDEAL ACIMA DE TUDO - I". biologico.agricultura.sp.gov.br. Retrieved 2026-02-14.
- ^ Silveira, Éder (2002). "Revisitando Artur Neiva: Eugenia, Educação Física e Identidade Nacional". Intellèctus. 1 (2): 1. ISSN 1676-7640.
- ^ "Folha de S.Paulo - Rompendo silêncio - 20/04/2008". www1.folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved 2026-02-14.